LnSOS BOOT 1.1 SOS.KERNEL SOS KRNLI/O ERRORFILE 'SOS.KERNEL' NOT FOUND%INVALID KERNEL FILE: xةw,@  ȱlmi8#)!)HOW DO I? MES DISK #2 K +SOS.DRIVERST%!d,TELECOM.INFOMjT9!޲,UPGRADE.256K8!e>T'!Y)UTILITIES MT#!d+VIDEO.HELPSW)T*!n9 T)!n2.LASER.PRINTERST)!n)MAC.N.BAKY 7T(![9%SEG.T jp Ÿ/ ,POWER.SUPPLY, ZT&![5,SERIAL.CABLE T$!d /SOS.DRIVER.FILEq#T3!2III.INF.02u' 'A3.INFO & &)CLOCK.KITiT&!n DISKNAME.DAT 51b%.EMULATION.TIPS T&!n -FILE.RECOVERYvuT)!n*HARD.DISKS{ >dLԡm#i㰼m#iЕOLԡȱfg hi !dLԡ憦  Ljmkm l y`2 Lԡ8(Je稽)ʈ@L REPRINTED FROM THE ATUNC NEWSLETTER APRIL 1985 VOL 2 # 4 LITTLE-KNOWN UTILITIES FOR THE SYSTEM UTILITIES: Because the Apple /// manual was not the world's best, several convenient techniques that are available in the System Utilities often go unno standard RS232 cable. The later versions of the /// came without this cable. For those of you that do not have a modem eliminator and want to hook up a serial printer, following is the pin-outs that duplicate the modem eliminator. First you need two MA REPRINTED FROM THE MARCH 1985 ATUNC NEWSLETTER SERIAL PRINTER CABLE FOR AN APPLE /// BY Rod Whitten MATERIALS The original A/// came with a "modem eliminator" cable which allowed one to hook up a serial printer to the A/// RS232 port (port C) with ane to the left of the cursor, press OpenApple-LeftArrow. Hal Edelstein is a cursor indicating where characters will be inserted if typed. It can be moved with the left- and right-arrows, and toggled off and on with the same OpenApple-I command. To delete a character under the cursor, press OpenApple-RightArrow. To delete o built in to the System Utilities and available for most (but not all) activities in the Utilities! This is handy for editing long pathnames, etc. To enter the Insert mode, press OpenApple-I. A vertical bar will appear between two characters. This bar ON'T press Return unless you want ALL the files in the directory. Instead type in or edit the directory name without the equal character (the end slash is optional), and hit the up-arrow as described above. 2 - There is a character insert/delete feature When you're through selecting, press Return. If you're copying files, a default name will appear on the next prompt line. If that has to be changed, make sure that '/=' follows the pathname. If '.D2/=', etc. appears as a default on the first line, De file may be selected at a time in this way. If you change your mind, hit the left-arrow key while the cursor is on the file name. A right-arrow alongside the file name indicates those that have been selected; the arrow disappears when you un-select it.en hit the up-arrow key.A slash and an equal sign (/=) now appear after your entry. A list of the files within that directory will appear in the upper right of the screen. Move the cursor to the desired file name, and hit the right-arrow key. More than on ticed. For example: 1 - You don't ever have to type the names of existing files that are to be copied, deleted, etc. When the file name is requested in the lower left corner, type the drive (say .D2) or the volume name or the subdirectory pathname, thLE DB-25 connectors (for the ends of your cable) and as a length of 10 conductor wire that will reach from your printer to your A///. CONSTRUCTION The following is the order to connect the pins in the cable to make your own single cable, which replaces thmore appropriately addressed in the A/// manuals than in an article here. There seems to be a common fear that one will destroy the SOS.DRIVER file and not be able to regenerate it. With a disk that is not copyprotected it is easy to make a copy of the REPRINTED FROM JULY 1985 ATUNC NEWSLETTER SOS DRIVERS Everyone must sooner or later modify their SOS.DRIVER file on their boot disk. The use of the Systems Configuration Program (SCP) in System Utilities is fairly long and detailed subject, that is t out. acturers; therefore, if at all possible, try your word processing program and the printer, BEFORE you buy to see if they support all the features that you want. In most cases this may mean packing your CPU into the dealer with your WP program and trying ithe Dynax printer (and probably the Comrex) will fully support printer commands sent from Word Juggler. This includes super- and sub-script, underline, and bold. I have found that "Diablo" compatible means different things to different computer manufs) letter quality printer (the Dynax DX-15) connected to my /// through a 64K Microfazer buffer. I can send 15 pages of text to the buffer in about 1 minute, but it prints for about 20 minutes. ****WORD JUGGLER**** As a digression from the above topic, baud, (0E)). This would enable you to get your keyboard operational again while the printer is still printing. You must then make sure that the printer (or buffer) is properly configured to accept this higher baud rate. For example, I have a slow (12 cpanual on pages 102 to 105. Instructions on how to changes your SOS drivers in on pages 2 to 18 of the same manual. ****BUFFER**** If you have a printer with a large buffer, or have an external buffer you may want to set the baud rate higher (say to 9600 a serial printer driver, and 2) that the driver configuration block is set to 1200 baud and odd parity. The value for 1200 baud is 08 and for odd parity it is 22. Detailed instructions on how to set this in the driver are in the Standard Device Drivers MTER SOS driver is configured to match the printer. Usually the printers come set at 1200 baud and 7 bit, odd parity. See your printer manual to see if this is the way your printers dip switches are set. Now check your .PRINTER driver to see if it is: 1)e savings over having it built for about $40, it is getting harder to have one made. With the above information, you can have it made correctly. DRIVER CONFIGURATION The other item you must check before trying to run you Serial printer is that your .PRIN 3 --> 2 4 --> 8 5 --> 8 6 --> 20 7 --> 7 8 --> 4 & 5 20 --> 6 COST One can use either solderless connectors or soldered. I bought the parts to build my last cable for about $14. While this is not a large modem eliminator and the RS232 cable. The notation that I am using is as follows. 1 --> 1 means connect pin 1 at one end of the cable to pin 1 at the other end. You will be hooking ten wires to a total of nine pins. 1 --> 1 2 --> 3 disk and make the change on the copy. However if the original is copyprotected, then there is an easy way to provide yourself with insurance. Boot your System Utilities disk. Format a blank disk. Copy the SOS.DRIVER file from your copyprotected disk o REPRINTED FROM ///'s COMPANY BBS NORFOLK, VA. NOVEMBER, 1985 MODIFY YOUR EMULATION DISK TO ALLOW RESET TO MONITOR (This does NOT apply to owners of the ///+//e cards) Here's a tip for using the NMI. We'll have to modify the moniyou have any further questions, append them to this file and I'll be glad to answer them for you. Ed he file HARDWARE/MODS/BATTERY.BACKUP. I have done both of mine this way and have had no problems whatsoever with either of them. I did this before the On Three deal, but I'd probably still do it this way since I like to tinker around with the machine. If order part # MM58167AN, 24 pin microprocessor real time clock chip for $8.95. This simply plugs into the only empty chip socket on the motherboard of your ///. If you want to install a battery backup yourself, refer to the tutorial on how to do this in ter that is a good deal. The second way to install a clock, especially if you are short on cash is to call, write, or visit Jameco Electronics (or any electronics store that sells their Jim-Paks) at 1355 Shoreway Road, Belmont, CA 94002, (415) 592-8097 and not mechanically/electronically inclined. Write On Three at: ON THREE, ATTN: Order Dept., P.O. Box 3825, Ventura, CA 93006, or call them at (800) 443-8877 to order with your plastic money. Note that they have a special offer with their OnTime clock drivThree and request their ON THREE O'CLOCK. It costs $46.50 and includes an easy to install kit with battery backup. I know several people who have installed this and they all say they installation instructions are clear and easy to follow, even if you are REPRINTED FROM ///S COMPANY BBS NORFOLK, VIRGINIA WHERE TO FIND CLOCK KITS FOR YOUR APPLE /// There are two places that I know that you can find a clock kit for your ///. If you want a full kit with battery backup included write On . -Rod Whitten rst you do is copy it from you backup disk onto the copyprotected disk. SOS.DRIVERS seems to be a source of alot of mystery and consternation. If you have some questions on them, let us know and maybe we can find someone who will write an article on themnto your newly formated disk and put this disk away. Now you can go into the SCP and rework the various drivers on the copyprotected disk. It is generally a good rule to remove all drivers that you do not need. If you mess up the SOS.DRIVER file, the wotor routine that loads into the /// during emulation. 1. Make a backup of your emulation disk. 2. Get into the /// monitor by pressing control-open apple-reset at the same time. 3. Using your copy of the emulation disk, type 2D<2000.21FFR 4. Chang!"#$%&'()*ive /// mode, but I think they dropped the idea a year or so ago. As a side note .. Prodos disk and a SOS ram disk. The 80 column mode of Ultraterm seems to be compatible with the above Prodos implementation. I would imagine that the updated version ofation; then one can select which of the available column modes he wishes. Works very well ... I use it for Dollars and $ense mainly but also use it for some Basic editing. Videx was at one time going to develope a console driver so it could be used in nat: ?: How do I get 80 columns in Apple ][ Emulation mode? I am presently using a Videx Ultraterm card (in slot 3) which not only provides 80 columns, but up to 140 columns and 30 or 40 lines (I forget which). It is activated by typing PR#3 while in emulr no at the prompt) NOTES: Block 2D contains the Integer Basic address and Block 4A contains the Applesoft address. You can also apply these changes to the regular Emulation disk and the TG Joystick /// Emulation disk... Subject Write the block back to disk RB,4A Read block 4A CX,1FA,59FF59FF Change the 4 bytes at hex offset 1FA to 59FF59FF WB Write the block back to disk QT Quit Disk Window (answet the same way to alter the Applesoft Basic Autostart Monitor address..... If you are using DA DataSystems Disk Window ///, key the following: RB,2D Read block 2D CX,FA,59FF59FF Change the 4 bytes at hex offset FA to 59FF59FF WB ange them in hex: FIND 1717F503FB0362FA (Track 5) and change it to 1717F50359FF59FF (Note that only the FB0362FA were changed) This changes the Integer Basic Autostart Monitor address..... FIND the same string on Track 9 and change in). You need to edit block 45 (hex 2D) and block 74 (hex 4A) with a /// block edit utility, or track 5 and track 9 with a ][ track/sector utility. If you use a track/sector utility, you will have to do a ZAP search for the follwing string of bytes and chike Bag of Tricks' ZAP to edit the following blocks or tracks (this tutorial is oriented to /// mode and will be written for block editing, but I will give enough info for you to go in and track/sector edit, though you will have to do some work on your owting things while in the Monitor that the Gameport /// people didn't want you to do (which is why they locked you out in the first place). Use Al Evan's BLOKACCESS, DA DataSystem's DISK WINDOW ///, Dan Wade's SOS Block Editor or a ][ track/sector editor lisance when you want to change games. The following mod will enable you to reset into Monitor, from which you can boot another ][ program by keying 6, CONTROL/P, RETURN.....or you can enter Basic by keying CONTROL/C, RETURN.....or you can do other interesDISK TO RESET INTO MONITOR You can block edit your Gameport Emulation disk so that you don't have to reboot the Emulation disk every time you want to switch from one game to another. The Gameport /// is a great hardware add-on for the ///, but it is a nue bytes 20FA and 20FB to 59 FF respectively. 5. Type 2D<2000.21FFW 6. You now have modified the integer basic ROM that gets loaded. Here's an alternative way to do the above without having to use the /// Monitor: MODIFY YOUR GAMEPORT EMULATION the Titan card which is supposed to support 80 column mode will work better but who knows. Hope all this is helpful. I have a Videoterm in my II+. Would that work in slot 3 of the ///? # Contact Daryl Anderson on MAUG. I believe he is now selling an 80 column card for 48K (][+) emulation. When I get some more data, I hope to do up an article on the 80 column emulation cards in THE /// MAGAZINE. Been waiting for Titan... # Where can I get ahold of Videx. I would like to talk with them about the /wer supply by a wire tie, cut the tie. The power supply can now be removed. 8. Prior to replacing or re-installing the power supply, replace the wire tie if one was removed. 9. When re-installing the power supply, insert the power supply cr supply to the side edge of the main logic board (motherboard). Refer to Diagram 1, Reference C. 7. Disconnect the power supply connector by pressing in the tabs while gently pulling on the connector. If the leads are secured to the pohe front edge and slide the power supply forward until the rear edge clears the two rear mounting screws. Gently lift up the power supply assembly to gain access to the electrical connector. This is the group of wires that connect the powem 1, Reference A. 5. Locate and loosen the eight (8) screws securing the power supply bottom to the chassis. Refer to Diagram 1, Reference B. These screws may be captured and if so, they should not come free from the assembly. 6. Lift up t the unit from rocking while it is upside down. 4. Loosen (DO NOT REMOVE!) the two Phillips head screws located on the rear edge of the power supply bottom cover, near the on/off switch and the power supply receptacle. Refer to Diagra+-./0123456es from your /// (RS232, b/w monitor, audio, Disk ///, etc.) 3. Turn the Apple /// upside down with the keyboard edge facing you and place the /// on a soft pad. NOTE: You may want to place a foam block under the keyboard to prevent APPLE /// HOW TO REPLACE YOUR POWER SUPPLY: By: Ed Gooding 1. Power down your Apple ///. Disconnect the AC power cord from the source and then remove it from the power supply receptacle of the Apple ///. 2. Disconnect all external cabla to see if Videx still has the .console driver. Bet they have and just didn't want to market it. Hope all this ramblin' helps. e ability to set up a RAM disk which is 112K. Some of the //e programs require the //e keyboard and I don't know if the /// keyboard can be made to do the required functions. I'll keep on experimenting and give you updates when I get enough info. Good ides far as I can tell, I can emulate the //e (except double hi-res) but I have not tried many specific //e programs that use extensive text. For sure it emulates the //+ with 80-column card. I have the ProDos disk and all the functions work well including th// if someone (not me) will act as a dealer for their cards for /// owners. I'll ask around. # Are you actually getting FULL //e (//c) emulation with your set up?? # Videx, Inc. address is 897 NW Grant Ave., Corvallis, OR 97330. Phone: (503) 758-3091. Aover under the two rear-most screws and lower the power supply into place. 10. Tighten all screws. CAUTION: When re-installing the securing screws, use only enough torque to rotate the screw. These screws will strip out the chassis if excessive torque is applied (for those who don't know what torque is, it means "don't screw the sucker down too tight!"). Also, be certain that the screw is not starting at an angle to avoid cross-threading. If it appears that the screw is cross-threading, back it APPLE /// 128K - 256K RAM UPGRADE PROCEDURE By: Ed Gooding This article describes the procedures for upgrading an Apple /// from a twelve volt, 128K RAM system to a five volt, 256K RAM system. This upgrade involves the removal of the memory board, the + shipping. Used a credit card and asked for UPS Blue Label shipment. . . . . . . . . _ KEYBOARD EDGE OF APPLE ///__________________________________| IMPORTANT NOTE: ABOVE DIAGRAM MOST DEFINITELY NOT TO SCALE!! From: Elliot Fabric re: power supply. I ordered one today from NDRC, 8511 Manderville, Dallas, Texas 75231, (214) 750-9889. $65 * | | represent the 8 | | Phillips head screws. | | | |_____________ | |_*__B__*__| | ___| | |__________| | | |_______________________________________________| | | NOTE: The above /| | * C * | | |___| / | | | E | | | | / | | | | | | | REFERENCE C| Here Lies the Main Logic Board | | * R * | | | | (also known affectionately as | | | E | | | | | the "Motherboard") ====== | N | | | | | R | | | | | | | * E * | | | | | | | F | | | | | | | | E | | | | ______________ _______________ | | | | |_*_____*__| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ | _| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| | | | | _________________________________---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Diagram 1: REFERENCE-A PERIPHERAL CONNECTOR EDGE OF APPLE /// __ __ designated for a ///+. I believe that they carry more wattage than the power supply for the original ///'s. You can check with Charlie McConathy or Sun Data. See info on both companies in the Buy.sell.stuff/Commercial directory here on ///'s Company. -out, wait until the beer wears off, and try again. 11. Turn your /// right-side up, replace your peripheral cables, plug the AC power cord into your ///, then into the wall, and fire her up. IMPORTANT NOTE: If possible, try to find a power supply removal of a resistor, a solder jump, the exchange of two Proms, and the placement of the 256K Ram board. These instructions must be followed exactly or a malfunction can result. This upgrade is only to be performed on 128K Ram systems with memory boards79:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWal disk drive to the Main Logic Board. You will also note a double-stranded wire with a white Molex connector that connects your internal speaker to your Main Logic Board. You should remove all three of these connectors. Be surom it. Now let the power supply side of the Logic Board down, and lift the side of the Main Logic Board that is furthest from the power supply. You will note two ribbon cables that connect your keyboard and your intern the power supply. Allow the opposite side of the panel to remain resting on its edge in the small groove around the access panel. 10. While supporting the Main Logic Board with one hand, disconnect the power supply cable fkeyboard, internal disk drive, speaker, and the power supply. Cable length allows the access panel to be tilted from the chassis about 45 degrees only, until you disconnect them. 9. Slowly tilt the access panel up from the side closest to may be 1 or 2 additional recessed screws located in the rear of the bottom pan. 8. Remove these 11 or 12 securing screws. CAUTION: The Main Logic Board is attached to the panel, and is still connected electrically to the s. 6. Place the Apple upside down on a soft pad. The rear of the Apple should face you. 7. Locate the ten (10) Phillips screws around the edge of the Logic Board access panel. Depending upon the type of bottom pan, there are retained in the ///'s cabinet. The two screws are located under the peripheral access cover, at the two corners nearest the key- board. 5. Replace the access cover on the /// after removing any interface card external cables from the back of the ///. 4. Remove the peripheral access cover, and then remove all interface cards in slots 1-4. The cover is removed by turning the two captured screws 1/4 turn only. They will not fall out, but hold wire with during soldering. A. REMOVAL OF MAIN LOGIC BOARD AND MEMORY BOARD: 1. Power down the Apple ///. 2. Disconnect the AC power cord from the source and then from the power receptacle of the Apple. 3. Disconnect allmp sponge to wipe the soldering pencil on to clean it. - Thin copper wire, preferably 22-28 guage thickness. - A knife or crimping tool to remove insulation from the 22-28 guage wire. - Diagonal cutters, or other small wire cutters. - Needle nose pliers to Remarketing (formerly Sun Data). See their ad here on ///'s Company in the Buy.sell.stuff/Commercial directory. - An IC puller or small slotted screw driver. - A 25 Watt soldering pencil. - A small amount of 60/40 rosin core solder. - A daAccess Cover with. - A #2 Phillips screwdriver to remove the MLB access cover with. - A 5 volt, 256K Memory board. - PROM IC part number 342-0061. - PROM IC part number 342-0063. Note: Both Proms and the memory board can be purchased from Sun Systems having part number 610-4128, and Main Logic Boards (MLB's or mother boards) of post-14,000 serial number systems, identified by a white dot near the I/O slots (location I1). TOOLS AND PARTS NEEDED: - A slotted screwdriver to remove the ///'s Peripheral re to note which ribbon cable goes where, since they both look alike. Note also that the ribbon cable connectors have a tab on one side that will prevent you from inserting them back incorrectly when you re-assemble your ///. It does NOT matter how you orient the speaker connector when you re-install it. If you have installed the video interlace kit, and/or the clock battery backup kit, you will also have to disconnect these cables in | | | | 341-0042 | <<== REPLACE WITH | | | | |______________________ ___D__ C B A | o---|______|---o 14 | R58 ______________________ 13 | Replace this IC with PROM IC part number 342-0061. NOTE: Below is a diagram of the Main Logic Board and the approximate locations of the PROM chips and the R58 resistor: ___________________________________________________________ng that the writing on the chip is oriented in the same direction as the writing on all the other chips on the MLB. 14. Also locate the IC at MLB coordinate C11 (identified by part number 341-0044 on the MLB and on the PROM itself). ver until you can grasp it with your hand and remove it. Replace this IC with PROM IC part number 342-0063. Be sure to install the PROM in the same direction as the one you removed. You can double check this by ensuri electronics store). You can also use a small, slotted screwdriver and CAREFULLY insert it between the chip and its socket at one of the two narrow ends of the rectangular chip. Carefully pry the chip up with the screwdri by the part number 341-0041 printed on the MLB, and on the PROM chip, also. Remove this PROM chip with the use of an IC puller tool (looks like large tweezers with hooks on the ends, and can be purchased at any Radio Shack or coordinates are displayed as white letters on one side of the MLB, and as white numbers on the perpendicular side of the MLB, and are used like X,Y coordinates on a graph. The IC (integrated circuit) at C13 is identifiedhe pins on the MLB, don't panic, you can usually just straighten them back out with no problems. If you break one, you are in trouble. B. PROM REPLACEMENT: 13. On the MLB, locate the IC that is located at coordinate C13. These r from the same end of the board. When I get that, I move to the other end of the memory board and then remove the two remaining corners and lift the memory board away from the MLB. If you should happen to bend some of tt-handed) and place my left hand on the MLB to support it, and pull straight up on the corner. A slight rocking motion will sometimes facilitate the removal process. After I get the one corner up, I will work on the other corney remove the memory board. Work with one end of the memory board at a time, rather than trying to remove it evenly at all four corners. I generally grasp one corner of the memory board with my right hand (since I'm righng memory board from the Main Logic Board. You will note that the memory board is piggy-backed to the MLB. They are generally mounted very tightly, and unless you are lucky, you will have to apply a lot of CAREFUL force to full order to fully remove the Main Logic Board from your ///. 11. The Main Logic Board can now be fully removed from your ///. You should place it on a flat work surface to continue this procedure. 12. Use both hands to remove the existi__________________| 342-0063 | | <<== MEMORY BOARD ______________________ | | | | | | 12 | |______________________| | g pencil should exhibit a shiny, silvery appearance on its business end. If it does not, repeat this process until it does. Tinning allows the easy transfer of heat to the parts to be soldered. As you work, periodicallsure to tin the soldering iron that you will use by applying solder to the pencil and allowing the solder to flow freely around its tip. Wipe any excess solder off with the damp sponge. When properly tinned, the solderin @ - Solder Pad 2 18. First, melt a small drop of solder on both of the solder pads, then take a 1/2" length of very thin electrical hook-up wire (22-28 guage) and "tin" it (coat the wire) with the solder. Also make R 58 - After bridging solder pads __________________________ | | O-----------| |-----------O |__@_-_Solder_Pad_1________| __________________________ | | O-----------| |-----------O |__@_-_Solder_Pad_1________| @ - Solder Pad 2 fiberglass portion of the MLB. You need to "bridge" these two solder pads so that electrical current can flow between them. Refer to the two top-view diagrams below: R 58 - Before bridging solder pads on shaped solder pads that were exposed when you removed the resistor. They should lie under, and perpendicular to the R58 resistor. You will note that there is a blank space between these two pads where you can see the _____ NOTE: Be careful not to damage the parts or traces (the little gold paths that electrical current follows on your MLB) on or near the vicinity of the resistor leads. 17. Observe the two tiny, triangular or quarter-mox| |==========\\ Here =======>> // |__|x|_|x|__|x|_______|x|__| \\ <<======= _____________||__________________________________________________||__________ __________________________Main Logic Board______________________________ it. Refer to the diagram below: R 58 __________________________ Clip | |x| |x| |x| |x| | Clip Here //==========| |x| |x| |x| |bout 1/2" long, with colored bands around it and will be connected to the MLB by wire connectors at each end of the resistor. 16. With a pair of diagonal cutters, remove this resistor by cutting the wire leads at each end of | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ C. RESISTOR REMOVAL AND SOLDER JUMP: 15. Locate the resistor R58 at coordinate D14. It will look like a skinny tube a | 341-0044 | <<== REPLACE WITH | |______________________| 342-0061 | | | | ______________________ 11 | | | | y wipe the tip of your soldering pencil on the damp sponge to wipe off any dirt or oxidized solder. Also be sure to re-tin the pencil periodically. NOTE: Be sure to use a low-wattage soldering pencil, NOT a solder gun. You can buy a solder pencil from Radio Shack for about $6.00. NEVER hold the tip of the solder pencil to the MLB, or any electronic component for more than 2 seconds, as more than that will damage the circuit or worse, pull the65 days a year <=---- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------- ----=> Compliments of ///'s Company 804-747-8752 <=---- ----=> 300/1200 baud, 7 or 8 bits, odd parity, full duplex <=---- ----=> 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 3ING: 23. Use the Apple /// Confidence diskette for performing diagnostic tests of the 256K RAM upgrade. I would recommend selecting continuous testing, and let it run for a least 1/2 hour without interruption. ---------T: 22. To reinstall or replace the logic assembly, reverse the procedure as outlined in steps 1-11 above. CAUTION: Make sure that all cables are reinstalled correctly and are not crimped or punctured by mounting hardware. F. TESTctly aligned. 21. Once the pins of the connectors are all aligned, gently but firmly push straight down on the connectors on both sides of the Memory Board until the connectors are fully bottomed out. E. MAIN LOGIC BOARD REPLACEMEN that all the male pins are started correctly into the female connector of the Memory Board. If any of the male pins are not properly started, lift up the Memory Board slightly and move it back and forth until the pins are corre the pin connectors of the MLB. The best way to do this is to tilt the Memory Board and align the pins on each side and lower the raised edge slowly, starting the next pins on each side as it is lowered. 20. Check has notches at two of its corners. IT IS VERY IMPORTANT TO MAKE SURE THAT THE SIDE OF THE MEMORY BOARD WITH THESE NOTCHES IS CLOSEST TO THE 4 PERIPHERAL SLOTS. Align the connectors of the replacement 256K RAM Memory Board over CAUTION: BE EXTREMELY CAREFUL NOT TO APPLY TOO MUCH HEAT TO THE SOLDERING PADS. DAMAGE WILL RESULT!! If you observe the 2 second soldering rule, this will not happen. D. MEMORY BOARD REPLACEMENT: 19. Note that the Memory Boardkup wire to the solder pad FURTHEST from your position. This will work just as well. I would also recommend that you leave the insulation on this wire, except for 1/8" at each end that should be stripped for soldering. a 1 to 1-1/2" inch length of 22-28 guage electrical hookup wire. Solder one end of the wire to the small piece of wire that remains on the MLB from where you clipped the LEFT end of the resistor. Solder the other end of the hooti-tester or continuity tester, you can test the connection before you go any further. NOTE: If you don't feel comfortable about bridging the two pads together because of the limited amount of working space, you can use o the other. Use your diagonal cutters to clip the excess wire away. A good solder connection will be evidenced by a shiny appearance, as well as by an electrically and mechanically sound connection. If you have a mul gold electrical traces off of the MLB. Hold the wire down across the two solder pads with a pair of needle nose pliers, and with a sweeping motion run the soldering pencil along the length of wire from one solder pad t 05/30/1987 TO MAC 'N BACK Do you have to deal with different computer types and wish that you could get information back and forth among them? This is not a difficult task if we are talking about "ASCII text files". There areand receiving end. HARDWARE REQUIRED In order to communicate from one computer to another (we will assume that we have two computers) a method of connecting them is required. One approach is to connect each computer to a modem and transmit information omachine may differ from word processing program to word processing program. Careful reading of your word processing program's manual may help, but probably not much. Some experimentation with software and file formats may be required on both the sending urn, and may also contain a line feed character and a special character to represent tabs. This is particularly true if the ASCII text file has been created by printing it to a disk file. The major point here is that what is being transmitted to another hand, defines a "text only" file as one with a carriage return at the end of each paragraph. Although most ASCII text files will follow one of the above rules, some programs will generate files that contain another character in place of the carriage ret Juggler (when using its *filename format for saving files) are examples of this latter approach. On the Macintosh side, MacWrite will read and write "text only" files (as they are called on the Macintosh) in either format. Microsoft's Word, on the othercarriage return at the end of each line. The Pascal Text Editor and Word Juggler (in its normal output mode) are examples on the Apple ///. Other word processing programs place a carriage return only at the end of each paragraph. AppleWriter /// and Wordspaces on a line. More technically, it contains no CONTROL characters (those with ASCII values between 0 and 31 inclusive) except a carriage return (ASCII value 13). Just where the carriage returns occur is one of the variables. Some programs generate a text file" is often used as if it were a defined standard. While this is generally true, there are variations. In its most common usage, an ASCII text file is one with no internal format such as underlining, bold faced text or tab stops to define multiple Apple's MicroCourier on the Apple /// and Hayes' Smartcom II on the Macintosh. A custom serial cable and standard modem eliminator cable were used to connect the computers together through a serial port on each machine. ASCII TEXT FILES The term "ASCI ore we get into specifics, it is worth noting that this article was created on an Apple /// using AppleWriter /// and transferred to MacWrite and Microsoft Word on a Macintosh for publishing in this newsletter. The software used for the communication wasare: 1) what is an ASCII text file and how are they created, 2) what hardware is required, 3) what software is required to make the transfer, 4) transmitting and cleaning it up and 5) some generalizations on the concepts described for other situations. BefXZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrst a few potholes in the road, however, and that is the purpose of this article. The focus will be on transferring files between an Apple /// and Macintosh. The concepts apply for most computer to computer communications. The major points to be discussed ver telephone lines. If both machines are close together (eg. a few feet apart) we may connect them together with a cable through their serial ports and transfer data without the use of modems. Actually, two cables are required, although these may be consolidated into one. One cable would normally connect the computer to a modem (if one were being used) and the other is called a "modem eliminator" or "null modem" cable. The basic connection is viewed as follows: Apple /// <--> Modem Eliminator Cablosh end (DB-9 male) connects to the Modem port on the Macintosh. If you have a Macintosh Plus, you will need to get a DB-9 to Mini-8 adaptor from you Apple Dealer. COMMUNICATIONS SOFTWARE Even though the machines are cabled together without a modem, it 1 to 1, 2 to 9, 3 to 5, 6 to 6, 7 to 3 and 20 to 7. This cable should also work with an Imagewriter printer connected to the Macintosh. The Apple /// end of cable (DB-25 male) connects to the RS-232 port on the back of the machine (Port C). The MacintIf you are wiring a custom cable, you may want to do it as one cable, combining modem eliminator and serial cable into one. The connections are as follows, with the Apple /// end (male DB-25) given first and the Macintosh end (male DB-9) given second: pinare connected and ready to transmit and receive data (Apple /// end pins 4, 5, 6, 8 & 20). The advantage of separate cables is that the second one described can be used for connecting a Macintosh to a modem with a DB-25 connector, such as a Hayes modem. the two machines together by their signal and chassis grounds (Apple /// end pins 1 & 7). Second, they provide paths to receive and transmit data (Apple /// end pins 2 & 3). Third, they provide "handshake" signal which tell each of the machines when they 6 Data terminal ready Note that not all lines from the modem eliminator female end are connected via the serial cable to the Macintosh. This is not a problem, because it works! All these wires accomplish several tasks. First, they connect --- 1 1 Shield ground 2 5 Transmit data 3 9 Receive data 7 3 Signal ground 8 7 Data set ready (handshake) 20 The serial cable connecting the modem eliminator to the Macintosh has the following setup: Modem eliminator end Macintosh end DB-25 male DB-9 male Pin number Pin & signal -------------------- ----------ct to pin 8 on the other end, and pin 6 on one end connects to pin 20 on the other end. The names are given primarily for reference to manuals, if desired. Understanding the terminology is not necessary to accomplish the task of connecting the machines. er detect 4 Request to send (and) 5 Clear to send 20 Data terminal ready 6 Data set ready Note that pin 2 on one end connects to pin 3 on the other end, pins 4 and 5 on one end conne 2 Transmit data 4 Request to send (and) 5 Clear to send 8 Data carrier detect 6 Data set ready 20 Data terminal ready 7 Signal ground 7 Signal ground 8 Data carri DB-25 female pin & signal pin number ------------- ---------------- 1 Shield ground 1 Shield ground 2 Transmit data 3 Receive data 3 Receive data to go from the Plus' 8 pin round connector to the DB-9 connector described below. The standard Apple modem eliminator cable has the following connections: Apple /// end Serial cable end DB-25 male e <--> Serial Cable <--> Macintosh The <--> represents a connection. These must match in type (eg. DB type connectors), size (9 pin or 25 pin) and gender (male or female). If a Macintosh Plus is being used, it will be necessary to get a converting cableis necessary to have communications software available to send and receive data and save them on a disk file of the receiving machine. A variety of software is available on each machine, but they generally provide similar functions. The software must be configured for the same speed (baud rate) such as 300 or 1200, number of bits per byte (use 8, if you can) and parity (use none). Most communications programs use what is known as the XON / XOFF protocol to let the receiving machine tell the sending machi have to eliminate them before transmitting and then add them back to the file on the other end. If your word processor adds carriage returns to the end of each line, and the receiving word processor can not automatically delete them, then you may not be may not be in the same proportions as the font to be used on the Macintosh. Tables are the biggest problem in this regard. You may also wish to add emphasis such as bold letters or underlining. Since these are not allowed in an ASCII text file, you willed width. A "1" occupies the same amount of space as an "M" or an "X". On the Macintosh, most characters (called fonts) are proportional. This means that you can get more 1's on a line than M's or X's. Even if your printer uses proportional fonts, theyonnections for the cables needed cleanup on the receiving end. A major cause of cleanup (whether going from Apple /// to Macintosh or Macintosh to Apple ///) is the way characters are handled on each end. All characters on the Apple /// screen have a fix you can see the results on the other end. Once the files have been transmitted, some cleanup is normally required. For example, the title on this article was left at the left margin on the Apple /// and centered on the receiving end. The table of pin cansmitted comes to an end). This process may be repeated multiple times by opening another receiving file on the receiving machine and sending another file. It is suggested that you experiment with small files first. It is best to create a few samples soore you begin transmitting on the sending machine. When the transfer is complete, close (save) the file on the receiving machine first, then end the transmission on the other machine (most programs will do this for you automatically when the file being trferent software. TRANSMITTING AND CLEANUP Before connecting the machines together with the cables, turn the power off on both computers. connect them together and start the telecommunications programs. Get the receiving machine set up for receiving bef As you can probably guess, reading the manuals will be helpful, but some experimentation will be required to get the proper combination of software variables on each machine. This is not at all unusual when transmitting data between two machines with dif that insert the carriage return at the end of each line, this is often an option that can be turned off. Most programs have the ability to send a line feed after each carriage return in the file that is being sent. Turn this option off (no LF after CR). d (originate) a "call", or answer (receive) the "call". In others, starting the sending or receiving process defines what is happening. Some programs add a carriage return at the end of each line of text (normally 80 characters); others do not. For thoseet both machines at half duplex (sometimes called local echo) so that you can see what is happening on the screen. One machine must be set up to send the file and the other to receive. In some software packages you must tell the program that it is to senation programs have it available. One exception is MacTransfer for the Macintosh. This program uses a hardware handshake (no software protocol). The only program on the Apple /// that can handle a hardware handshake (to my knowledge) is MicroCourier. Sne when it has to wait so that the receiving machine can take time to write information to disk. The receiving machine must then let the sending machine know when it can resume sending data. This is what is know as a software protocol, and most communicable to take full advantage of the word processor on the receiving end (primarily word wrap, so that if you add or delete words the line automatically adjust in length). Some word processors provide automatic features (or a find and replace function to delete these carriage returns. In others, you may have to do it manually (one at a time). If your word processor on the Apple /// puts a carriage return at the end of each line, use MacWrite on the Macintosh and tell the program that a carriage return represised that the files endangered consisted of the entire volume! Since it was a MicroSci A143 volume, that meant that there was potentially a lot of data in trouble. System utilities seemed helpless to cope (as did Lazarus ///, incidentally). Pascal Filer tuwxycess files on a disk or even catalog or copy files from it using the System Utilities program. On verifying the volume, we discovered that block 4 was bad. Block 4 lies at the heart of the volume directory which occupies blocks 2 thru 5, and the system adv REPRINTED FROM THREE'S COMPANY NORFOLK, VA. NOVEMBER 1985 DISK FILE RECOVERY DATE POSTED: SUN MAR 4 8:58:38 AM Recently I was confronted with a problem (fortunately that of another Apple /// user) where he was unable to ac. . . . . . th (make sure the cable is correct) and save files to floppy diskettes before trying a hard disk. Happy transmitting to your Mac and Back, or whatever machine it may be! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- . . . olunteer with a six pack of their favorite beverage (unless that is an expensive scotch!) or other remuneration. There is not much that can go wrong in this process that will damage your computer equipment or computer files. Exercise caution to begin wiwire a cable for any purpose. They will need to know information about each machine, but this is normally available in user manuals. In addition to providing them with the cable and connectors (or paying them for same), it is always nice to provide the vo transmitting text files among IBM, Radio Shack, Texas Instruments and other computers. The most difficult part for most people will be preparing the cable. Get help from a member of your user group. Almost every group has at least one person that can efore, it will be helpful to have a couple of word processors available on the receiving end. The same is true for the communications software. Time to get help from that friend with the large software library or a user group! The same concepts apply tmunications programs on each machine this will be an advantage. Quirks in one program may not exist in another. You are probably tied to one word processor on your source machine. It may not be easy to convert these files to another word processor. Therarriage returns at the end of each line. A primary example is a computer program, where word wrap is normally not desirable. GENERALIZING As you can see, some experimentation will be necessary. If you have access to various word processors and telecoments a line break. MacWrite will properly handle these and eliminate them so that word wrap will function. A file read by MacWrite in this manner can be saved and then processed by Microsoft Word, if desired. On the other hand, you may want to have the co the rescue! Using the Pascal Filer, I was able to list the directory. This listing gave an indication that some of the first files might be salvageable. Sure enough, the Filer was able to transfer files from the endangered volume onto another volume, resulting in recovery of about 2/3 of the data on the diskette. Why the Filer could succeed where others failed I could not say. Perhaps someone out there can explain. How did this happen? A momentary power surge or spike was most likely the culprit. It didsupply, then the 2 screws on the bottom of the Profile behind the disk drive. 8. Lift the panel out carefully. The retainer in the panel between the drive and the power supply may get stuck on some of the wires. Just move the wires out of the way. The lower card is the analog electronics card. 6. At this point, you can remove the 2 back panels that are behind the disk drive and the power supply. 7. Now you'll want to remove the long back panel. Unscrew the 4 screws holding it to the power board on top of it. On the right, you see the Seagate hard disk drive (an ST506 for a 5 Meg Profile, who knows what for a 10Meg) with 2 boards underneath it. The higher board is the Motor Control Board. It makes sure the disk turns at the appropriate speedding the cover up, disconnect the front light connector from the circuit board in the Profile. It's the only cable connected to the cover. 5. You can now lift the cover off. What you see now is the power supply on the left with the Profile controller e, so don't take it all the way off. Lift the cover up a bit and tilt it so the back comes free. Once the back is free, you can move the cover towards the front so that the retainer tabs on the cover don't get stuck on the circuit boards. 4. Hol Take out the 4 screws. These hold the back plates onto the cover. 3. You can now take off the cover carefully. There's a cable that snakes along the inside top of the cover that connects a disk drive board to the light in the front of the Profil** precaution is to wash your hands so that you'll be less likely to have ***** it slip from your hands. 1. Turn your Profile upside down. Take out the 3 screws along the front of the Profile. Turn it rightside up. 2. Look at the back of your Profile.z|}~ starting to disassemble ***** the Profile. Some power supplies need time to leak stored current away. ***** Caution: The disk drive is a delicate instrument. Handle the Profile ***** carefully. You may want to work over a padded surface. Another good *** How to Disassemble a Profile Disk Drive (by someone who took it apart upside down) ***** Step 0: Disconnect the power and interface cables from the Profile. I ***** would even suggest waiting a few minutes before Retriever, by D A DataSystems. He says it will "go where Lazarus will not and will even recover partial files." provide a good object lesson, though, in backing up important data frequently. It also demonstrated that you shouldn't give up on apparently unrecoverable data until ALL options are exhausted. ### Ed Gooding, ///'s Company Sysop also suggests trying The and take the panel out. 9. Whew! Take a break if your hands are sweating. OK! Time to ge the drive and supply out of the case! 10. First, let's get the Profile controller board loose (the one on top of the power supply). It's held to the supply by one screw and 5 plastic connectors. Just undo the screw and one by one, squeeze the plastic "pins" and pull the board from them. Don't forget the one in the middle of the board! Once the board is free, disconnect the gray ribbon cable and the mmed graphics, is my term for graphics that are generated, as if they were going to a plotter for example...The distinction, bettween programmed, and screen dumps, is that you don't actually have a screen image to output, intead the output is based on strity issue... Screen dumps would most definitely require a special driver. You could do graphic output, from basic, or pascal, but not easily,(in the form of screen dump), other types of graphics, like (my term), programmed graphics, would be easy... Prograe as hooking it up. # Even the Apple Laser writer has a standard serial port, that can operate the laser printer, as if it were a Diablo 630. Bottom line is that text is easy. # Graphics, on the other hand, are again as with any printer the big compatabililieve it would just hook up especially for graphics. There are two areas of concern, they are the same two areas, you would be concerned with, with any printer... # Generally, as far as basic capabilities,(standard text printing), go, it is just as simpl 29-Aug-85 01:25:12 Subject: Laser Printers and /// Has anyone used a laser printer on the ///? Does it require special drivers or will a parallel (or serial) driver work? An ad I read for one says it uses a standard parallel interface, but cannot beonnector for the Profile face toward the back of the case. Also the round part of the drive faces the back of the case. **** And remember, be careful with that drive! power supply. Turn the case upside down, undo the 4 screws, and now the power supply is free. *** Congratulations! You just disassembled your Profile! *** To put it back together, just reverse the steps! Remember that the switch and power cord c there are 4 screws that are recessed into the case. Unscrew these. Don't undo the two that lie flush with the case! 14. Now lift the supply/case off and Voila! There's the drive! 15. Set aside the drive (carefully) and do the same routine for thee upside down so that it's resting on the disk drive itself. Put some padding down underneath the drive so that you have some protection in case it slips from your hands. 13. Under where the drive is (or on top since the case is upside down now), gh for me. The mid-air connector is keyed so you can't put it together wrong. Just in case, the two black wires of the connectors should be connected. This severs the connection between the drive and the power supply. 12. Now turn your Profilhe front, the red wire towards the rear. The controller card is now free to be removed. 11. The last connector left is in mid-air, kind of like the type you see all over the place under the dash of your car. Pull it apart. This was kind of tou molex connector. When putting the Profile back together again, remember that the red side of the ribbon cable should be on the front side of the drive. The molex should only go in one way, but just in case, the black wire should be towards tctly numerical data... # Anyway, the safest approach, if you want the graphics capability, is to try and find one that emulates a popular printer for which screen dumps are available.... # Apple /// Data Communications Essentials Al Bloom (76656,1514), Editor Original Date: June 13, 1989: Al Bloom and Harry Baya Revision Date: June 29, 1989: John Lomartire This document aims to and often have less reliability. Most folk also have 1200 baud (rated speed) modems, which are cheap these days. Do not go above 2400 baud rated speed. Mother Bell's regu- lar telephone wires will not reliably handle higher speeds. Your local phoe best off getting what most folk have. Hayes compatibles vary in their compatibility. The Prometheus ProModem is a good low-cost highly compatible modem. With modems, you usually get what you pay for. The cheaper models have fewer features ny "asynchronous" external modem will do. The Apple /// cannot generally use any "internal" modem, one that is contained on a card you plug into a slot. Most personal computer folk use Hayes brand or "Hayes compatible" modems. If you need help, you ar the D-shaped 25-pin connec- tor on the back of the unit. For telephone line communications, you need no more than a ten buck ribbon connector from your friendly local Radio Shack to link your built in connector to your modem. 1.1 Modems Almost a pro- grams) used on the working system. There have been many times when I regretted that failure. 1.0 Data Communications Hardware You need little extra equipment for data communications on an Apple ///. The system comes with an RS-232 serial port,nd error. When things don't work, I keep trying different solutions and asking for help until they do. When they did work, I sometimes took things for granted and failed to write down the exact settings (mainly from the modem and from communication ndors One of the original authors, Harry Baya, would like to share an overall observation: My experience with RS232 communications, including modems, cables, and communication programs has often been one of frustration, patience, and on-going trial ations Setup 3.0 Data Communications Programs 3.1 Access /// 3.2 The Communications Manager 3.3 EasyTerm /// 3.4 Kermit /// 3.5 Terminall 3.6 XModem /// 4.0 CompuServe Tips and Techniques 5.0 Data File Transfer 6.0 VempuServe, Section 5 deals with data file transfer, and Section 6 is a list of vendors. Those sections are further divided as follows: 1.0 Data Communications Hardware 1.1 Modems 1.2 Cables 1.3 Interface Cards 2.0 Data Communicalease tell the editor. He will fix/add/expand as needed. This document is organized by sections. Section 1 deals with hardware, Section 2 deals with system software, Section 3 deals with applications software, Section 4 has general tips on using Copletely accu- rate. The base document was prepared by Al Bloom and Harry Baya. We hope the document will be added to by as many MAUG members as possible. If you have any questions or comments or suggestions for improvement or your own additions, p provide basic information needed for data communi- cations on an Apple ///. It is the product of what we modestly think are some of the best and brightest data communicators on CompuServe's MAUG/7. We know it is not complete, and it may not be comne company may not do well at 2400 baud, but it should be reliable at 1200. Ask around if you are unsure. Require that your modem have at least "Bell 212A" compatibility. Almost any computer you talk with can handle Bell 212A protocol. A friend of mine bought a 1200 baud modem at a great price, but it only had Bell 103 transmission protocol. Nobody talks "Bell 103" above 300 baud. Instead of a cheap 1200 baud modem, he had an expensive 300 baud modem. Look for such features as "auto answer" that pector into a female RS232 port. You will feel dumber trying to plug a DIN-8 connector into a DB-25 socket. You will feel even dumber if you try to force fit the long side of a "D" shaped plug over the short side of a "D" shaped socket. Your spouse onnectors at the computer end and at the modem end. IBM PC's and XT's and the like come with male/female connectors because the computer serial port plug is male. The ///'s plug is female. You will feel dumb trying to plug a female cable conneet a cable that connects all the pins, it will probably work fine. However, a cable with all 25 pins wired is sure to work. There are some minimal concerns related to connecting the cable to your equipment. Make sure the cable's plugs fit your RS232 c2 Cables In the realm of cabling, what you want is a straight RS232 modem cable. A modem cable is simply a straight pin to pin cable, nothing fancy. The modem only uses a few of the pins, so some cables only connect those pins. If you happen to g the opposite position for the Apple ///. Using ACCESS /// I can tell if the modem is set up right by noticing whether the characters I type are shown on the screen as I type them. If not, I change the switches until the characters appear. 1.32 DTR line, TR light always on The above is the "standard" setting, I flip it to the other position to use the modem with the Apple ///. (2) Switch #10: Response to Carrier Detect The above is the de- fault, I flip it toni- cation programs using standard modem switch settings. The ADC modem I have, on the other hand, will not work with the Apple /// until I alter two of the switches to be the opposite of standard. The two switches are: (1) Switch #8: Ignore RS-2m the way it is. If it works, copy down how the switches are setup. It may or may not matter, but -- if it does matter -- it's awfully nice to have a written record of what works. The MultiTech modem I have seems to work with the Apple /// commurticular modem. Modems that work with other computers will probably work with the Apple ///. However, some modems have switches that must be set in a particular way in order to work with an Apple ///. I recommend that you first try to use the mode entered the phone line, fried the modem, jumped to the computer and fried the mother board, then fried the hard disk. Ten or fifteen bucks for a modem spike protector is cheap insurance. There is nothing odd about the Apple /// that requires a pa." The ones I've seen plug into a grounded outlet and have in/out phone jacks. The modem line plugs into one side, and the line from the wall plate plugs into the other. Your editor had a lightning strike next to his house a couple years back. Itpre-wired to accept two differ- ent phone numbers), and it can breed peace of mind. Nothing disturbs domestic tranquility like someone picking up an extension phone while you are on line. Also get a cheap device known as a "modem spike protector, has different phone numbers for 300/1200 and for 2400 speeds. You don't want to call the former if your modem is fixed at 2400. Consider strongly getting a second phone line dedicated to your modem. It isn't very expensive (Most houses are rks up your modem auto- matically when another computer calls in. Look for the ability to switch between 300/1200/2400 speeds. Some computers you talk to can au- tomatically adjust to the call-in speed, but others cannot. CompuServe, for examplewill giggle at you. Your dog will shun you. If you already have an RS232 cable that is mis-plugged, you can buy adaptors or "gender menders" at places like Radio Shack. These may be marginally less expensive than buying a new cable. If you want to communicate directly from your Apple /// to another com- puter in the same room, you need a special cable called a null modem or a modem eliminator. The RS-232 port on each machine thinks it is talk- ing to a modem. The pins are set up that way. what you see when you set the connector in position to do the soldering. If you have good eyes and good light, you will probably see find that there are small, rasied numbers in the plastic part of the connector. Pin 12 has the color video signal. Solderrge Oetzel, "ON THREE" - June/July 1983, This was a full page article. I have copied only about 1/4th of it here] The picture on page 132 of the Apple /// Owner's manual shows the numbering of the pins on the DA15P connector. The view shown matchesD using both the RGB Cable and the Composite cable. This model has a switch on the front that permits choosing which cable is used. Given below are two sets of instructions. (1.) [From Page 25, "/// The Hardway Color and the Emulation Mode" by Geomonitor or the RF Modulator used with a TV. I bought a wire with an RCA Male plug on one end and two alligator clips on the other at Crazy Eddy's in New York. I assume Radio Shack also has them. I currently have my /// connected to a Panasonic 1300g gun and it was sloppy. I recommend using the smallest soldering device you can get. You attach two wires to the appropriate points and then connect those two wires to a wire with a standard RCA Jack. This jack then plugs into the composite color fi like plug (RCA plug) on the back of the Apple ///. In later models color was sent out through this plug in emulation mode. The fix for the older ///'s requires soldering two wires to part of the RGB port. I did this using an old fashion solderin HOW TO GET COMPOSITE COLOR FROM YOUR APPLE /// Entered by Harry Baya 6/8/85 ] Older apple ///'s did not display color in emulation mode. This means that a color monitor or TV could not display color. These devices are connected to the small hi- Most Apple /// data communications programs assume you will be talking through the built-in RS-232 port. You are best off using the built-in port for data communications, and using slot cards for other "serial" devices like printers. 2.0 Data Comms because of the card's DIP switches. It is a real bore to pop your ///'s lid and flip switches on the card when you want to talk to a different computer. The SC3 does not have that limitation, but it needs a special driver for data communications.lt-in serial port is not the only thing available for data communications. The Apple II Super Serial Card (or clone) and the Apple Serial Card /// provide extra serial communications ports. The Apple II SSC is not real good for data communication two modems. Null modems and gender menders and adapters look a whole bunch alike. Do not confuse them or you will have a true failure to communicate. If you have a selection of these cables, label each one. 1.3 Interface Cards The Apple ///'s bui If you don't have a modem between the two computers, you need to re-define the pins. A modem eliminator switches a couple pins so that both computers think they are talking through modems. A ten buck modem eliminator is bunches cheaper than the center conductor of your cable to Pin 12. Solder the shield to either pin 6 or pin 13. Both are grounds. Make sure that the shield can't touch one of the other pins. Remember Murphy's law:"If anything can go wrong, it will". If it is possible for that ground wire to touch one of the other pins, it's going to do it sooner or later. Plastic electrical tape is one way to pevent disaster. If you want to be a little fancier, and surer, perhaps your electronic supplier has some heat-shrinkable intal foul ups such as the shift register or the two mux's. ( Hindsight may lend you to believe that I miscounted. I didn't believe the first count so I counted again.) I did recall seeing this kind of a glitch when I consulted with Verbatim in 1983 and reracters but were otherwise OK. I tried counting the pixels on the several graphics page displays on the disk and was surprised to see that I was getting a solid line every five or six pixels instead of every 8. That seemed to rule out the more usual digin about a quarter of an inch wide. Winston looked like he had been through a bread slicer. There was no, repeat, no text getting through on any of the text display features of the diagnostic disk. Color and the gray tone display were missing all the chaom an interesting glitch on my /// at work which might be worthwhile to pass on. My video suddenly started glitching in an intermittent fashion. The graphics display on the dealer diagnostic disk looked like someone had erased vertical lines on the scree port that has an RCA phono plug on the other end so that you can use your composite color monitor from the RGB port. See the file HARDWARE/MODS.1/COMPOSITE.COLOR for a tutorial on how to do this. 05/18/1986 20:06:03 I just recovered frfor bettertext resolution, and have a very nice color monitor for ][ games or graphics. NOTE: This may not work on real old ///'s since they may not have color available from their video port. I have made an adaptor that plugs into the RGB/// will now send its video signal to both monitors simultaneously. Just turn down the contrast or turn off the individual monitor that you do not wish to use after hooking this up. Now you can use your 80 col. green monitor with AppleWriter or Visicalc port at the back of your Apple ///. Plug the existing monitor cable for your green/amber/whatever monitor into one of the "Y"'ed connectors. Plug the newly purchased RCA cable into the remaining "Y" connector and into your composite color monitor. Your NITOR /// By Ed Gooding I have connected an Amdek Color I+ to one of my Apple ///'s. I went to my local Radio Shack and bought one RCA phono plug "Y" connector and a 36" inch long RCA phono cable with two male ends. Plug the "Y" connector into the video ---=> Compliments of ///'s Company 804-747-8752 <=---- ----=> 300/1200 baud, 7 or 8 bits, odd parity, full duplex <=---- ----=> 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year <=---- HOW TO USE A COMPOSITE COLOR MONITOR WITH YOUR MOplug. Tape the two wires together over the 24" length to hold them together, plug the D connector into the RGB port on the back of your ///, and plug the RCA plug into the Video out port on your composite color monitor. Viola! Composite color. -one end of the first wire to pin 13 on the D connector (ground) and the other end to the metal ring around the RCA phono plug. Solder one end of the other wire to pin 12 of the D connector (NTSC video signal) and the other end to the tip of the RCA phono hanged on later models. However, you can certainly get composite color from the RGB port. Buy a 15 pin D type connector, some 22 AWG wire, and an RCA phono plug from your local Radio Shack. Cut two strands of 22 guage wire, both about 24" long. Solder sulating tubing that you can shrink around the connection. (2) From: Ed Gooding, 08-Jun-85 07:21:21 Composite color works on any /// in Emulation. On the earliest models, you could not get color from the RCA video connector port, but this was cmembered that they nearly drove themselves into La-La land changing cables and monitors. Red herring number two was the intermittent nature of the beast. I immediately thought of the ///'s reputation for lousy sockets and promptly cleaned every IC and socket in the video circuit. Four dollars worth of solvent later the bloody thing still wouldn't work but I had sockets that would satisfy Mr. Clean. I had also dumped enough flurocarbons into the atmosphere to wipe out New Jersey. I then started switchin7. I'll skip the part on timing problems, unless the above doesn't solve it, but the last thing to try is to replace the 74LS161 chips at locations F10, F11, G11, and G12. Jameco also has this one for $.49. Obviously, you can experiment a 5. If that doesn't cure it, replace the two 2114 1024x4 static RAM chips at locations E4 and E5. They are also available from Jameco for $1. 6. Next, replace the 74LS153 chip at location L8. You can also get this from Jameco for $.49. of the problem if the preceding step did not, etc. 4. Replace the 74LS374 chips at locations E2, E3, F2, F3, G2, G10. These IC's are the cause of over 70% of video problems. You can purchase them from Jameco Electronics for $.79 a piece.15-592-8097. They accept VISA and MasterCard for phone orders. 3. The following replacement steps are ordered by highest percentage of failure. In other words, the first step will cure most problems, the next step will probably take careuse these letters and numbers like x,y coordinates on a graph to locate the IC's (integrated circuits) that I refer to below. 2. All the chips referred to below are obtainable from Jameco Electronics at 1355 Shoreway Road, Belmont, CA 94002, 4rom the switch, also. You may now remove the motherboard and place it rightside up on a work surface. Note that along one side of the motherboard are alphabetic characters, and along the perpendicular side there are numbers. You will d the internal disk drive to the motherboard. Also, disconnect the white molex connector with the two black wires that connects the ///'s speaker to the motherboard. If you have the video interlace kit installed, disconnect the wire f the plate closest to your power supply and disconnect the connector that connects the power supply to the motherboard. Now, lift the right side of the large metal plate and remove the two ribbon cable connectors that connect the keyboard anyour /// and then remove all interface cards in slots 1-4. Replace the cover and turn the computer upside down. Remove all the Phillips Head screws around the larger of the two metal plates on the bottom of your ///. Lift the side of and have determined that its not a monitor problem by hooking up another monitor (don't forget to try a different cable, also), then here are the swap steps to take to cure most video problems: 1. Turn off the power to your ///. Remove the cover from kling socket may lurk a shiftless register. Regards Jim McCabe HOW TO RESOLVE MOST VIDEO PROBLEMS ON THE APPLE /// By: Ed Gooding If you have been having video problems on your Apple ///,e they were trying to outwit the pixel pirates. But what's the bottom line, you might ask? It was the shift register, a 74166 that had an intermittent problem (unusual in my experience). Moral? It is wisely written that within the false gleam of a spar. I was able to verify my ROM by installing it in my other ///. It would have been far simpler to just follow the signals on a scope rather than play mix & match with the chips but some clever devil hid most of the video chips under the memory board. Maybg chips. This is a problem for someone with only one machine because the first thing that the flowchart in the manual tells you to do is to replace the video control rom. Since you don't pick those up at JDR or Jameco, you have to send for them from Sun round if you have lots of time, and just replace one chip at a time, but considering the prices of the IC's, and how valuable I consider my time, I usually use the Mongolian Horde approach, and replace all of them at one time. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----=> Compliments of ///'s Company 804-747-8752 <=---- ----=> 300/1200 baud, 7 or 8 bits, odd parity, full duplex <=---- ----=> 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year re/hardware. Programs include Draw-On Three (a graphics program), DeskTop Manager (a background utility), and Selector /// (a switching program for hard disk users). Graphics Manager and Communications Manager are also top choices. On the hardware front There are still some places you can go to obtain Apple /// products. Be sure to write or call to be placed on their mailing lists. ON THREE 1174 Hickory Ave. Tehachapi, CA. 93561 (805)-822-8580 Now one of two best sources for both commercial softward systems. The Apple /// board is #11 on Conference 2. All members get limited access. You must pay a separate fee to gain access to all the features of the WAP TCS. Call the office for more information. SOURCES FOR HARDWARE AND COMMERCIAL SOFTWARE pay for the phone call). Try it by calling (through a modem, of course) (301)-593-0024. WAP TCS We have one of the most extensive BBS systems (we call it the TCS or Tele-Conference System) in the nation. One call gives you access to eight complete 32-boan. The software is free, but you do pay the normal CompuServe fees while you are logged on. ON THE BBS (ELECTRONIC BULLETIN BOARD) FRONT ///'s Company - WAP BBS A wealth of information is offered on this free BBS for the Apple /// Community (You only /// information to utilities. Check our catalog disks for a complete catalog of what is offered. Huge selection of // and Mac PD software as well. MAUG/Compuserve MAUG's Apple /// Data Library contains a wide variety of programs and informatio SOURCES OF PUBLIC DOMAIN SOFTWARE Washington Apple Pi Your WAP /// SIG offers 125+ /// PD Disks, all at $2.00 each for members. Most disks are self-booting and double-sided. Offerings include everything from graphics to word processing, Appletelecom software. INTERNET The /// "Listserve" on the Internet is at West Virginia University. Send a message to: APPLE3-L@WVNVM.WVNET.EDU to get your name placed on their message list. Download files also available. Requires modem and Telecom software. MAUG's Apple /// section provides a fantastic forum for information exchange, and its Data Library for the /// is full of excellent information and programs. You can join CompuServe by purchasing Starter Kits at most computer stores. Requires modem and pple /// software: Washington Apple Pi (WAP) Cost: $32.00/Year /// SIG Initiation Fee: $ 7.00 7910 Woodmont Ave. #910 Bethesda, MD. 20814 (301)-654-8060 /// SIG: 301-681-6136 Micronetworked Apple Users Group (MAUG) CompuServe. HOW DO I: FIND APPLE /// INFORMATION? /// USER GROUPS A user group, like WAP, is a great way to obtain more information about the Apple ///. Members are knowledgeable, ready to answer questions and most offer PD (public domain) libraries with A<=---- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- , there's a 512K upgrade, hard disks, etc. They also sell used ///s and peripherals. Finally, there's the 3.5" 800k Unidisk driver and 1.4 MB Superdrive driver too. Sun Remarketing P.O. Box 4059 150 E. 400 N Logan, UT 84321 1-800-821-3221 Sun Remarketin THE INPERT'S CORNER ALLAN M. BLOOM, PhD CDP Institutional Research, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg VA 24061 2303 San Marcos Street, Blackot disk that works with your printer. Put a label on the formatted blank disk that reads "My Printer Driver" and date it. Ready? Let's go. 1. Boot System Utilities, select SCP (the System Configuration Program) from the main menu, and select READ A Dng a "good" printer driver immediately on hand. You will need at least two disks -- your System Utilities boot disk and a formatted blank disk. If your System Utilities boot disk can write to the printer, fine. Otherwise, you'll need a third disk -- any boat you want to print from. Trust me. You will get another program. You will want to print from it. You won't be able to do so with the printer driver that comes with it. If you're prepared, it will be no problem. Let's prepare for that eventuality by haviA PRINTER DRIVER Let us assume you have a printer and you have used it successfully in one or more application programs. In the spirit of planning ahead, let's save a copy of that printer's driver just on the off chance that you may get another program thing to print it and hanging up the computer and losing all that deathless drivel in the machine's death throes. Maybe you would, too. Let's see if I can give you a cookbook approach to the mystery of the missing printer. SAVE d printer interface. You can find that out the hard way by trying to print something and having your computer hang up. I prefer finding out beforehand what I'm up against and fixing it before I lose the Great American Novel that I forgot to save before tryambiguity. Especially when they get new boot disks or add Catalyst or Selector /// and find their printers have gone to cloud cuckoo land. When you get a new boot disk, it very likely does not contain a driver for your particular combination of printer anter. Baby Blue and Tandy limit all but the expert to Epson-type parallel printers. A Macintosh is assumed to have either an Imagewriter or a Laserwriter printer. The Apple /// has no such restrictions, and a lot of people have difficulty with that kind of ith the bugaboo of many novice Apple /// owners, that strange thing called SOS.DRIVER on your boot (startup) disks. The biggest bug among those boos is the printer driver. The Apple /// is very flexible in what kind of printer you can hook up to your compubeing a jack of all trades and master of none. An inpert knows a few arcane things about a lot of stuff, the sum of which doesn't amount to actual expertise in anything. This column will be devoted to tips that I have gleaned over the years. Let's start w Corner! Last year's twelve occurrences of my "Getting There From Here" column pretty much exhausted my actual expertise on every Apple /// topic. However, my inpertise has barely been scratched. What is inpertise? It arises from the old categorization of sburg, Virginia 24060 Office: (703) 961-7921 Home: (703) 951-2025 CIS: 76656,1514 BITNET: IRBLOOM at VTVM1 Welcome the The Inpert'sRIVER FILE from the SCP menu. 2. Remove System Utilities from the inboard drive, and insert the boot disk that knows about your printer. If that's System Utilities, skip this. 3. Accept the SCP default to read a driver file from .D1/SOS.DRIVER. When the driver file has been read in, escape to the SCP menu. 4. From the SCP menu, select DELETE A DRIVER. Delete everything but the .PRINTER driver. When only .PRINTER is left, escape to the SCP menu. INPERT01 April 23, t disk, put System Utilities in the onboard drive, and quit INPERT01 April 23, 1988 Page 2 Bloom The Inpert's Corner from the SCP menu to the main This step isn't always necessary, but I recommend it for generality. When SCP deletes one or more drivers, it does not release the memory they used, so you may not be able to add your own printer driver. This way is safe. 6. Remove the booom the SCP menu. After verifying the system, SCP offers .D2/SOS.DRIVER as the default destination for the new driver file. Replace that by typing ".D1/SOS.DRIVER" and pressing RETURN. Yes, you DO want to replace the existing SOS.DRIVER file. rinter driver. Most often that will be a single PRINTER entry, but you might see PARALLEL, QUME, SILENTYPE, DAISYWHEEL, any number of names for printers. When no printer driver is left, escape to the SCP menu. 5. Select GENERATE NEW SYSTEM frve and insert the boot disk. 3. Accept the SCP default to read a driver file from .D1/SOS.DRIVER. When the driver file has been read in, escape to the SCP menu. 4. From the SCP menu, select DELETE A DRIVER. Delete everything that looks like a p"unprintable" boot disk, and your "My Printer Driver" disk. 1. Boot System Utilities, select SCP (the System Configuration Program) from the main menu, and select READ A DRIVER FILE from the SCP menu. 2. Remove System Utilities from the inboard driave my printer setup. However, you are prepared for this eventuality, yes? Adding your printer driver is like what you went through to save your special printer driver in the last section. You will need three disks -- your System Utilities boot disk, the ted myself) will have a driver for a Qume Sprint 5/45 hooked up to an Apple II Super Serial Card in Slot 1. If you have any of my stuff, you have already run into the problem. My boot disks are configured for my machine, and I fair promise that you don't h. Let's stick to printer drivers. The smart thing to do with any new boot (startup) disk is to put your own printer driver in the SOS.DRIVER file before you do anything else. I do that as a matter of course because I'm certain no disk (except those I crea When you find a boot disk from which you cannot print, the odds are that the boot disk's SOS.DRIVER file does not contain a .PRINTER driver for your particular setup. Screwy printing from /// Easy Pieces is another topic that I'll take up at a later dateare now prepared for the certain eventuality of running across some boot disk from which you cannot print. You may already have some of those. What happens when the "no print" situation occurs? Read on. ADDING YOUR PRINTER DRIVERing ".D1/MYPRINTER.DRIVER" and pressing RETURN. Your printer driver will be placed on the previously blank disk. 8. Remove your "printer driver" disk, put the System Utilities boot disk back in the onboard drive, and quit from the SCP menu. You ying the system configuration, SCP warns that you don't have a .CONSOLE driver. That's OK, since we're not trying for a full SOS.DRIVER here. 7. SCP offers .D2/SOS.DRIVER as the default destination for the new driver file. Replace that by typ1988 Page 1 Bloom The Inpert's Corner 5. Remove the boot disk from the inboard drive and insert the blank disk. 6. Select GENERATE NEW SYSTEM from the SCP menu. After verifmenu. 7. Select SCP, and select READ A DRIVER FILE from the SCP menu. 8. Remove System Utilities from the inboard drive and insert the boot disk. 9. Accept the SCP default to read a driver file from .D1/SOS.DRIVER. When the driver file has been read in, escape to the SCP menu. 10. Remove the boot disk from the inboard drive and insert your "My Printer Driver" disk. 11. Select READ A DRIVER FILE from the SCP menu. When asked, replace the default ".D1/SOS.DRIVER" by typing ".D1/MYPRINTER. No, please don't. Do you have an Apple /// RS232 driver on my Boot disk? Well you proba- bly do, but there is a way to find out. The boot disk you use will have a file on it called SOS.DRIVER and that file contains information the Apple /// usesver" disks avail- able from user groups, often with the name SUPER.SERIAL.DRIVER. It works for data communications after a fashion. The big drawback is that the SSC has physical switches that the driver can not reliably override. Yes you can use it. Serial Card (or one of the cheaper clones) does not come with any Apple /// driver. Gee, what a surprise. Apple wrote SERIAL.X.DRIVER in 1982 as a stopgap until the real SC3 came available. The driver may be found on several public domain "drinot recognize it. There may be a data comm program that does not require ".RS232" as the driver name, but I don't know of any. You will also have to tell SCP what slot your card is in. See? We told you to stay with the standard. The Apple II Superinto SOS.DRIVER of every boot disk you use for data comm. And remove the probably-existing .RS232 driver pointing to the built-in se- rial port. You will also probably have to change the driver's name to .RS232, or data comm programs will probably really recommend you use it. The Apple Serial Card /// comes with two drivers, one to drive a printer and one to drive a modem. If you feel you must use an SC3 for data com- munications, know that you will have to specially put the data comm driver ll the driver in your boot disk, and then forget it. The .RS232 driver comes with Apple /// system software and on every data comm program's boot disk. It is keyed to communicating through the ///'s built-in serial port. It is the standard, and we s (the subject of some truly arcane pages in the Standard Device Drivers manual). Most data comm programs have commands to set and change the driver parms themselves. Use the System Utilities Program's "System Configuration Program" (SCP) to instaunications Setup Setting up your Apple /// for data communications involves an Apple /// "driver" file that must be installed in your boot disk's SOS.DRIVER file. In the general case, you need never set or change the data comm driver's parameter INPERT01 April 23, 1988 Page 3 em Utilities from the inboard drive and replace it with the new boot disk. Press CONTROL and RESET to boot the program. If you did good, you'll be able to print. If you blew it, call the TAU help line. That's what dues are for. our boot disk, put the System Utilities boot disk back in the onboard drive, and quit from the SCP menu. You're almost done. The process is really easier to do than to describe in excruciating detail. The final step is to check your work. Remove Systmenu. After verifying the system, SCP offers .D2/SOS.DRIVER as the default destination for the new driver file. Replace that by typing ".D1/SOS.DRIVER" and pressing RETURN. Yes, you DO want to replace the existing SOS.DRIVER file. 14. Remove yDRIVER" and pressing RETURN. When your printer driver has been read in, escape to the SCP menu. 12. Remove the "My Printer Driver" disk from the onboard drive and replace it with the new boot disk. 13. Select GENERATE NEW SYSTEM from the SCP to talk to things like the printer and the RS232 port that you probably use for your modem. You can see what drivers are in- stalled in that file via the Apple /// Systems Utilities program, using the "S -System Configuration Program (SCP)" option. You read in the SOS.DRIVER file from the boot disk. One of the drivers should be named ".RS232 ". If it is in the list, you have the driver. And 95 times in 100 that is all you need to know. However, it won't hurt to discuss the other 5 times in  MENU.MAKER TEXT MODULESEG=0"MENU.MAKER"890&*X=11000: TEXT SLOW-DOWN LOOP ,X.1,180,22:2,280,21:2,2380,23:z:A$="LISTING "+B$(I),16,B)$=01:=0::"80C";A$;::12)>=23:=0::"rsion 2 of Catalyst has a separate SOS.DRIVER in the hard disk's CATALYST directory that may be added (the EXTRA DRIVERS part of a Catalyst item's menu entry. If you need .RS232 only for one pro- gram, you can get .RS232 from the "extra" file when thatisk you boot the system with to use the communication program. If you are booting with a single "hard disk program selector" like Catalyst or Selector ///, the .RS232 driver must be in that single boot disk's SOS.DRIVER file -- with one exception. Vehe OPENAPPLE-S menus in Access /// and The Communications Manager and XModem ///, the SETRS232 command in Kermit ///, etc. Also, though it may seem obvious, the .RS232 driver could be on one bootable disk and not on another. You need it on the d- -- -- -- -- 08 00 00 00 00 80 13 11 DF 84 xx 00 Remember, with almost all Apple /// data communications programs, it does not matter what the .RS232 driver's Configuration Block looks like. Your data comm program will do the settings for you -- tmuch useless these days. More common is 1200 baud speed, 8-bit no parity data format, XON/XOF control. Con- figuration block settings for that setup looks like this: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -e ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] +--> Form feed delay = None ] ] ] +-----> Line feed delay = None ] ] +--------> RETURN delay = None ] ] ] +--> Data format = 7 bits, odd parity +-----> Baud rate = 300 baud The "factory" settings are pretty ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] +-----------> Max buffer lev = 223 char ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] +----> Control character 2 = XON ] ] ] ] ] ] +-------> Control character 1 = XOF ] ] ] ] ] +----------> Control protocol = Non -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 06 22 00 00 00 00 13 11 DF 84 50 00 ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] +--> Hdwr handshake = OFF ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] +-----> Data block len = 80 char ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] +--------> Min buffer lev = 132 chars data. However, I had to play with them once in order to get a Pascal program to communicate at 9600 baud. The Configuration Block values are initially set as follows: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- is a section on "Changing the Configuration Block" in the RS232 section of the Device Drivers Manual. I found it a little confusing. In most cases the communication program you use will override those set- tings it cares about so you can ignore thie to edit that item you will see a line with 16 values numbered from 0 to F. For those of you who don't speak hexadecimal, "F" is the number 15. A driver may not use all 16 values. The .RS232 driver we're discussing only uses 11 -- 0 through B. There information about this driver. Item #4 on this list is "Driver Status" and it should say ACTIVE. If it says INACTIVE, then that driver is ignored. You can change it to ACTIVE if need be. Item #6 is the Configuration Block Data. If you choos100. The Apple /// Standard Device Drivers Manual has a section on the RS232 driver which may be of interest to you. If you find your way to the main SCP menu and choose to "E-Edit" Driver Parameters for the ".RS232" driver you will see a screen of79C";"PRESS ANY KEY TO HALT LISTING"::202 1020#2,B$(I),16,B)ž#242:::1160Z=1#2;A$:"78A";A$Z=Z+1:Z>1842:::Z=1980*:=23:=0::"79C";"CONTINUE...?":1C$:C$<>"Y"C$<>"y"C$<>"N"C$<>"n"1001-752-7631 (technical help) Contact: Bob Cook Address: P.O. Box 4059 Logan, UT. 84321 Company: On Three Phone: 1-312-338-2202. (Technical help for On Three products/repairs) Contact: Bob Consorti Address: 1050 W. Columbia, Apt. 3-E, Chicago, IL 60626SS: 26 Plaza Street Leesburg, VA. 22075 PRODUCT: Various new/used Apple /// hardware/software Description: Some products as is. APPLE /// REPAIRS Here's a list of some places you can get your Apple /// repaired. Company: Sun Remarketing Phone: 8h Tu (Andy) PHONE: 301-330-6016 ADDRESS: Potomac Valley Center Gaithersburg, MD. PRODUCT: Various Apple /// Software Products DESCRIPTION: Also offers //, MAC and IBM. COMPANY/NAME: Computer Solutions CONTACT: Richard Warren PHONE: 202-478-1878 ADDRE/s, Motherboards, etc. COMPANY/NAME: Shreve Systems PHONE: 318-865-6743 ADDRESS: 845 Lark Ave. Shreveport, LA. 71105 PRODUCT: /// Motherboard and other products DESCRIPTION: Sells many Apple /// products COMPANY/NAME: The Computer Place CONTACT: Deh-WeCT: Apple /// Chips, etc. DESCRIPTION: 65c02 and many other chips for the /// CONTACT/NAME: Pre-Owned Electronics Contact: Charles PHONE: 617-891-6851 ADDRESS: Box 644 Lincoln, MA. 01773 PRODUCT: Various Apple /// Hardware Products DESCRIPTION: Apple //n. Here are some additional sources for Apple /// hardware (including parts) and software (which does not purport to be a complete list!): COMPANY/NAME: Jameco Electronics PHONE: 415-592-8097 ADDRESS: 1355 Shoreway Road Belmont, CA. 94002 PRODU 969; Woodland Hills, CA. 95695 1-916-668-5637 Frank Freeman knows Profiles better than just about anyone, and can fix them too! He's primarily a Lisa man, but has also been working on some projects for the ///. Call or write for more informatiomunity (and you can call them to ask for help as well). 256K reconditioned ///s available along with other /// hardware. Software prices are reduced if purchased with the computer. //+, Lisa, Mac and MS-DOS hardware also available. The Lisa Shop P.O. Boxg is a major support organization for Apple where the /// is concerned and offers a host of products. They have a large selection of /// commercial software and hardware (including parts) at mostly decent prices. Nationwide service offered for the /// comEAD PASCAL TEXT FILES."04=10:"78C";"ANY KEY RETURNS TO THE MENU."!>G$:::".D1/MENU.MAKER",320R",220(204::"79A";""; 2D=1:F=1 <#4;a$ FD=D+1 P#5;a$ZD=60#5;12)dD=60D=1nF=F+1::d$;::Y=1100:Y x13402  CATCH PASCAL TEXT FILES 202 :F*=08:"78C";"SORRY BUT MENU.MAKER CAN'T R".D1/MENU.MAKER",220 d$="" A$="PRINTING "+B$(I),16,B)=01:=0::"80C";A$;:#3,B$(I),16,B)Z=1#3;b$:"78A";b$Z=Z+1:Z=18:1290 1260 #4,B$(I),16,B)#5,".PRINTER"+ž#4#5;12):::".D1/MENU.MAKE30C$="N"C$="n"1160;:=23:=0::"79C";"PRESS ANY KEY TO HALT LISTING": $1020.202 8::Z=1B::=23:=0::"79C";"WOULD YOU LIKE A PRINTED COPY?":1C$:C$<>"Y"C$<>"y"C$<>"N"C$<>"n"1170*C$="N"C$="n" Company: The Lisa Shop Phone: 1-916-668-5637 Contact: Frank Freeman Address: P.O. Box 969; Woodland Hills, CA. 95695 Company: Tom Linders Phone: 1-408-741-1001 Contact: Tom Linders Address: 12604 Wardell Ct. Saratoga, CA. 95070 Tom repairs disk drives quickly and inexpensively. Here in the Washington area, you best bet may be Computerland-Mid Atlantic (formerly Clinton Computer), which has been willing to take in ///s for repair. But call the /// SIG officers if you are having troubles. Wstuff that you as a human cannot read when looking at a file in Apple Writer but would like to transfer anyway. In this section we'll discuss the known Apple /// data comm programs. We'll tell you each programs strengths and weaknesses. If possiblat you don't want garbled -- by a thermonuclear burst or normal telephone line crackles or your spouse picking up an extension phone while you're on line, or (2) any kind of non-text data -- executable programs, graphics, spread sheets, other neat al, or one that emulates a dumb ASCII terminal, is not the same as being a dumb terminal. It may still offer file transfer and session logging. Also look for "error free file transfer protocols" that let you send and receive (1) critical text data tho "capture" ("log" and "record" are synonyms) a data comm session. Other feature to look for are "terminal emulation" if the computer you want to talk to has benefits for particular terminal types. A program that does not emulate a specific terminASCII terminal, that program is useless. You have a powerful computer in your hands, and a data comm program must minimally recognize that power. It should at least let you send (upload) and re- ceive (download) text files and offer the ability t to your modem to yak all you want. Cheap. Absolutely no one in his or her right mind does that. Al Bloom has done it. Just to prove it can be done, mind you. If a data comm program can't do more than turn your Apple /// into what is called a dumb /// talk to other computers. If you want to do no more than chat back and forth as a dumb terminal, you can set up Business BASIC (or Ap- ple II emulation) to open your .RS232 driver (or logical communications card slot), and you'll be directly hooked You can tell by the re- quirement to press RETURN a couple times at log-on. That usually means the receiving modem is adjusting to you. 3.0 Data Communications Programs Data comm programs are the things that you actually use to make your Ap- ple set- tings. Networks and bulletin boards publish the settings to use and may have different telephone numbers for different baud rates. Some bulletin boards use "smart" modems that automatically adjust to whatever speed and settings you call in at. can't check this stuff too closely. It is especially confusing when communicating between two different kinds of machines. This is due, it seems to me, to using two completely differ- ent communications programs. This can makes it hard to compare ave the same settings on the communication programs on both ends of the line. For example, If you are using 9600 baud on one end, then you should NOT have the other end set up for 1200. Similarly you want to use the same bits-per-character etc. You on and have common ground for knowing when to talk and when to listen. The computer yours is talking to is probably a big mainframe. It is bigger and meaner than yours, so you must adapt your communications settings to its wishes. You must h program is in- voked. Whatever software driver you use, its main purpose is to communicate be- tween your computer and the computer at the other end of the wire. The two computers must speak the same language at the same speed with the same inflectie may be able to help and save you some money as well. NEWSLETTERS/MAGAZINES WAP is your best source for Apple /// information, as the Journal has contained at least one Apple /// article each month for the past four years. ATUNC and TAU also offee, we'll tell you how to get each program, and we'll list one or more CompuServe folk who know enough about the program to maybe be able to answer your questions. 3.1 Access /// Access /// was the first of the Apple /// data communications programs. It began life as an "other vendor supplied" Special Delivery Software product in 1981. Apple was not long in taking Access /// to its own bosom. August 1982's Version 1.1 was a purely Apple product. The next (and last) version was 3.2x --om within Access ///, and use TCM's XModem file transfer functions. Consulting: Vendor Bob Consorti (72457,2401), Ed Gooding (70077,2327) 3.3 EasyTerm /// EasyTerm /// is a basic data communications package. Its DEC VT-52 ter- minal emulation is thulation or script files. Ensure that TCM and Access /// have the same communications parameters (the openapple-S setup menu). Invoke Access /// and use it for most data comm purposes. When you need XModem trans- fer, invoke the TCM desk accessory frd the XModem error free file transfer protocol. It can transfer executable programs and graphics files. TCM as a desk accessory can combine with Access /// interpreter for those who need the former's XModem protocol plus the latter's VT-100 em- (TCM) is the only commercial Apple /// data comm program supported by its vendor (ON THREE, $39.95) as of this writ- ing. It comes as both a program and as a The Desktop Manager (TDM) desk accessory. It offers DEC VT-52 (dumb ASCII terminal) emulation ang as catalog number 024 for $75. Access /// Interpreter is available from from TAU (The Third Apple Users Group) as disk number 034 to members for $3.50. Consulting: Al Bloom (76656,1514) 3.2 The Communications Manager The Communications Manager r free file transfer protocol. It can only transfer text (human readable) data between your Apple /// and another computer. It can not transfer executable programs or graphics files. The basic version of Access /// is available from Sun Remarketin all the manuals does not guarantee success. Data comm programs traditionally have the worst con- ceivable user documentation. No, we don't know why. You will probably need help. That's why we have experts on CompuServe. Access /// supports no erro with a new manual, just an "Apple Tech Notes" (750.990 dated August 25, 1982) addendum detailing the enhancements from version 1.0. The interpreter came with another addendum, this one on disk and dealing only with the "script" feature. Even havinglways do the same things. Access ///'s major problem is that its documentation has not been com- pletely in a single source since its original incarnation. The "SDS" version (1.0) came with a spiral bound manual. Apple's 1.1 version did not come its "scripting" capability (3.2x only). You can write a script that will automatically dial your modem and log on to your favorite host service. And more. Access ///'s script language is powerful. You can script an entire session if you at computer, generic terminals can be limited to "line mode" com- munications or can be forbidden access. If you need VT-100 emulation, Access /// is the only Apple /// data communications program that will serve. Access ///'s other major feature is ation of a DEC VT-100 termi- nal is complete and seamless. Many mainframe or minicomputer systems permit VT-100 terminals to operate in "full screen" mode. A data commu- nication program's terminal emulation can be important. Depending on the hosThe BASIC version was OK. Release 3.2x obviates the interpreter problem by being an interpreter in its own right. It doesn't run under any lan- guage system, so it launches like a rabbit and runs quickly. Access /// has two major features. Its emul the Access /// Interpreter -- in 1984. Access /// 1.0 came in versions that could be invoked from the BASIC or the Pascal interpreters. Release 1.1 was similar, and it had major problems depending on what version of Pascal you were running. e same as no terminal emulation. It is a dumb ASCII terminal. It can upload and download text files. Sun Remarketing sells it as Catalog Number 089 for $75. TCM is cheaper and better. 3.4 Kermit /// Kermit (Yes, it was named after the frog) is another error-free file transfer protocol especially popular in academic circles. All Kermit programs are in the public domain, there are versions for a wide variety of computers, and not all Kermits have the same capabilities. This one can only trRecord your session to a disk file (Don't record to a 3.5 inch disk. It'll hang you up) and flip through the screens as fast as you can. One joy of Access /// Interpreter Version (TAU Disk 034) is that you can set your recording file's "buffer" quite litor in your forum user pro- file (I think EDIT is the magic word, and SED is the bummer). Never read or answer CompuServe messages while you're on line unless someone else is paying for the connect time. That is why CIS is often abbreviated CI$. ose whole lines if you don't set your comm program's "character" and "line" delays way high. If you enter a blank line, say between par- agraphs, it assumes your message has ended. If you don't see the "/EXIT when you're through" message, change the edurrently the case. In any event you want the one that tells you to enter your text and type "/EXIT" when you're done. The lesser editor is bunches lesser. It is slow. If you transmit a file, instead of actually typing a response, it'll lREE's Bob Consorti is even more tired of that question than I am. CIS has two kinds of editor. One is active in the main sections, and it is joined by a lesser one in the forums. The default forum editor had been the lesser, but I'm not sure that is c up on a TCM screen as garbage. Some very bright and knowledgeable people have been tripped up on that one. It's no longer fun to watch messages about "How come my screen has gone to the netherworld?" from new TCM owners. I suspect ON THformatting that dumb ASCII terminals (VT-52 option) can't use. If you change from Access /// to the Communications Manager, also tell CIS that you no longer have a VT-100. TCM emulates a dumb VT-52 terminal. The special VT-100 control sequences shownge output from CIS when you "record" or "download" stuff. If you have Access ///, you should tell CIS -- in your user profiles -- that you are using a VT-100 terminal. That's ANSI mode on your Access /// setup menu. That gives you some nice screen r data comm program has the ability to set tabs (Access /// and The Communications Manager do) set them before doing anything else. They don't have to be set to anything special, but they do have to be set. Otherwise, you will see some very straG DL/7 for self assembly. WAP is preparing a bootable execution disk for the program and is transcribing the documen- tation onto a disk file. This will be a "best buy" when the WAP disk is available. 4.0 CompuServe Tips and Techniques If you 3.6 XModem /// Gary Kato's XModem /// was developed as a commercial program in competi- tion with The Communications Manager. It is similar to TCM. Gary re- leased XM3 to the public domain in 1989. The parts of the program are in Compuserve's MAUilable from WAP. It is a rather pedestrian terminal program that claims to offer DEC VT-100 terminal emulation. It doesn't offer enough VT-100 emulation to access a DEC or IBM mainframe and have full-screen capability. At WAP's $3.00, it is cheap. ocol, this is all the Apple /// world offers. TAU sells Kermit /// to members as disk number 083 for $3.50. 3.5 Terminall Dave Ottalini, of Washington Apple Pi, got the manufacturer of Terminall to place its product in the public domain. It is avaansmit text files. It emulates no terminal. It can now set the Apple ///'s communications parameters from within the program, but it is still waiting for a good programmer to turn it into a full fea- tured data comm program. If you need Kermit protarge. You can capture a whole session in the high-speed memory buffer and not actually do the relatively slow write to disk until you've logged off. After the CIS meter has stopped running. After you've logged off CIS, you can load your log file into any handy text editor (I use Apple Writer) and read the traffic at your leisure. You may also type up responses at your leisure, saved as individual files. When you type up your message files, remember to end each line with a RETURN. CIS c main ones I use are ASCII and XMODEM. The Ascii protocol is the "Vanilla" of this kind of communications. It is sometimes referred to as "No protocol". Compuserve calls it DC2/DC4 Capture protocol. XModem is more like the double chocolate fleach carriage return and whether your communications program is set up to "filter" out certain characters. Another thing to consider is that there are different ways of trans- ferring data. These methods are called "transfer protocols" and theve the same settings on the communication programs on both ends of the line. Obviously, if you are using 9600 baud on one end, then you should NOT have the other end set up for 1200. In addition, you should check to see whether "line feeds" follow ut not very readable. Kermit does not have that problem. Kermit "text transfer" knows about lines. 5.0 Data File Transfer Data communications parameters are a little more critical during file transfer than during normal chatting. You must ha a message with XModem protocol, please ensure that each line is ended with both a carriage return and a line feed. In Apple Writer, print the message to disk with CR = 1. Otherwise, it will look like ev- erything is on a single line. Very compact, b"." is a comment, and it won't print that line. The "/" will screw you up. CompuServe thinks any line that starts with a "/" is a command. Your message will be interrupted with UNRECOGNIZED COMMAND, and things will get worse from there. If you send If you are sending a message, please do not ever start a line with a "." or a "/" character. The former will upload and read fine, but it screws up folk who record the messages for later reading in Apple Writer. AW thinks any line that starts with a to SEND TO someone. If you were writing me, the SEND TO would be "Al Bloom 76656,1514" with my name and a blank or two and my ID number. Then you get to type a terse subject. Then you get to choose a "section" of MAUG -- number "7" for Apple ///. message you're REsponding to has fallen into the bit bucket, you need to do more. First you need to know both the name and ID of the person you're sending to. Choose COMPOSE from the message menu. Then upload your file as above. Then you get e "/EXIT" to clear any garbage. Then POST your message. I usually type "POST UNF" to post the message as I typed it with the same line lengths and tabs and paragraph breaks (UNFormatted). If you are sending an original message, or if theon function (Openapple-S in Access ///, followed by arrowing to TRANSMIT A FILE on the menu), send the file, escape back to "terminal" mode, and type "/EXIT" to finish the upload. I have best luck by pressing RETURN a couple times before typing thlch, nada) character and line delays. Just remember who you're sending the stuff to. Easiest is answering forum messages. Just type RE at the menu and enter the message number to which you are REsponding. At the prompt escape to your file transmissin 2K (four blocks) for a forum message. The next time you log on to CIS, you can answer your mail by transmit- ting the response files you previously typed at leisure. With the "/EXIT to terminate" editor, you can send files with no (zero, zihokes on the page-long "lines" that Apple Writer permits. I use the "visible carriage return display" feature of Apple Writer (Numeric-pad 4, then press "G") to ensure that I've ended each line with the necessary RETURN. Keep your file size less thaavor and is described in more detail later. You will need to have the same method available on both sides of the process. The simplest way to transfer data is with ASCII transfer. This works fine with text files. Ah, but what is a "text" file? A simplistic definition of a text file is that it can be edited with the Pascal editor and contains only printable characters. I am not going to attempt a thorough explanation of the difference between "Text" and "bi- nary" files, but you may need to understa contains exactly the same data as the source file. Transferring binary files is not always useful. A particular binary file, such as an executable program, may have no use after being trans- ferred to a different kind of machine. For example CM program and is available in most IBM communications programs. It does error checking and will transfer any file between two machines. XModem will spend as much time as it needs, resending data when needed, to be sure that the destination fileully slow compared with straight text transfer. Binary files (i.e files that have a file type such as "Codefile" or "Datafile" ) usually cannot be transferred using ASCII protocol. They can be transferred with XMODEM. XModem is available in the T For example, IBM DOS uses a slightly different convention in marking the end of lines in text files than does the Apple ///. If you transfer the file using ASCII protocol, the appropriate adjustment is usually made. Besides, XModem is painfx appended to the file name. Most files ending in ".text" have a file-type of "Textfile". Most files ending in ".code" or ".data" are binary files. In some cases it is better to transfer text files using ASCII rather than XModem.onment" screen while editing the file. You type "s)et e)nvironment" from within the Pascal editor to see this screen. Changing a file from "Textfile" to "Asciifile" will reduce its size by two blocks. (3) The third meaning is the suffif System Utilities. The list will show the file type of "text" files as either "Textfile" or "Asciifile" . You can change the file-type from "Textfile" to "Asciifile, or back, with the Pascal editor. You do this from the "envirguishes between two types of text files. Both types are editable with the Pascal editor. One is an "Ascii" file and the other is a "text" files. You can find which you have by listing the file in the file section onary files are usually read only by computer programs. Files with file-types "Asciifile" and "Textfile" are text files. Files with other filetypes are binary files. (2) The second is that the Apple /// operating system distincontrast "text" files with "binary" files, as discussed above. "Text" files can be transferred with ASCII protocol, binary files require a different protocol. In general "text" files can be edited and read as text while bi suffix to any file and not knowing this can lead to a great deal of confusion. Just changing the suffix of a file does not change its file-type. The word "text" has three separate uses in relation to the Apple /// files. (1) The first use is in The preferred convention is to use a suffix that identifies the file-type and this is usually done. Files with the suffix ".code" usu- ally have a file-type of "Codefile" and other suffixes are used simi- larly. However, it is possible to assign anybly interrupt the transfer. The Apple/// operating system (SOS) assigns a "file-type" to each file. The ones I have seen are "Asciifile", "Textfile", "Codefile", "Datafile" and "Sosfile". This "file-type" can be independent of the file name suffix. nd this area before going too far with RS232 communications. The underlying problem is that some bytes (each character uses one byte) are used for commands in Ascii pro- tocol and therefore (a) cannot be successfully transferred and (b) will probayou can certainly download an Apple II Pascal executable program (codefile) from a MAUG library, but it will do you no good. It will not run on an Apple /// or on an IBM PC, so don't waste your money. A confusing note: if a binary file (say of file-type "Datafile") con- tains only printable characters it can be transferred with Ascii proto- col. A file of file-type "Asciifile" is a true ascii file and can be trans- ferred without problem using Ascii protocol. Files with file-type "Textfilr useful newsletters to their membership. As for magazines, you might still be able to get back issues of "On Three." It provided a wide range of reviews (usually of its own products), beginner's tutorials and a good-sized letters section. Back isr year. Dave Ottalini co-chairs the Apple /// Special Interest Group. He is "72457,2401" on CompuServe. sonal, (2) UG0083 on Dealer Apple Link, or (3) 70356,200 on CompuServe. WAP (Washington Apple Pi): 7910 Woodmont Ave Suite 910, Bethesda MD 20814. Phone 301-654-8060. Serves members and non-members. Non-member disk prices are higher. Dues $25 pehave your data comm program call Sun's bulletin board at 801-753-2889. TAU (Third Apple Users): c/o Lavona Rann, 1113 Wheaton Oaks Dr, Wheaton IL 60187. Serves members only. Dues $30 per year. Phone 312-653-7640. Data Comm (1) LAVONA on Apple Link Perhave bounced. You pay when a check bounces. Your credit card company will be most useful in case of a disputed charge. SUN REMARKETING: PO Box 4059, Logan UT 84321. Phone 800-821-3221 for or- ders, or call 801-752-7631 for questions and service, or e, Northridge CA 91324. Phone 818-701-1355. The boss, Bob Consorti, is on MAUG/7 at 75056,2110. PAIR SOFTWARE: 3201 Murcheson Way, Carmichael CA 95608. Phone 916-485-6525. Do not send money. Money has disappeared and refund checks - ough exposition of this area. The hope is that this will give you enough clues to figure out what to do, or what to ask. 6.0 Vendors ON THREE: Orders to PO Box 3452, Kirkland WA 98083. Phone 206-820-1874. Tech support from 8920 Yolanda Avzes are measured in blocks. Each block is 512 bytes. This ex- plains why the number of blocks in a file decreases by 2 when you con- vert it from a "Textfile" to an "Asciifile". I realize that this is a little confusing and that this is not a thore, load it into the Pascal editor and change its file type to ascii file -- the Pascal Editor's S)et E)nvironment A)scii T)rue -- and then save the file. The converted file can be read by an Apple /// program or even by an IBM-type machine. File siifile format before sending. Other programs do the same thing in "straight text" mode. However, an XModem transfer will send the file in textfile format, which may or may not be desirable -- probably not. To convert a Pascal text file to an ascifils own textfiles, so you lose nothing -- and gain a lot -- by using the ascifile format. You don't have to convert a Pascal text file before "straight text" transmission via ACCESS /// or Kermit ///. Both automatically convert from textfile to asc will usually want to transfer text files in the Ascifile format that any program can read. This goes for Apple /// word processors, too. Neither AppleWriter nor Word Juggler can read a Pascal text file. But Pascal can read ascifiles as well as ite" on the other hand use the first 1024 bytes of the file to store information about the file. You probably do not want to transfer this data unless you are connected to another Apple /// that can deal with a Pascal text file. For generality, yousues available. APPLE /// BOOKS AND OTHER INFORMATION The Osborne/McGraw Hill Guide To Your Apple /// by Stanley M. Miastkowski is a good, beginning-level text for new /// owners. (On Three) Sun Remarketing offers a handbook to help users repair their ///s. Cost is $19.95 direct. WAP has a video tape tutorial on how to use the /// for new owners. It is available for check-out. OR you can order a copy from Dave Ottalini for $15.00 (P&H included). Call 301-81-6136 to order. (and you can call them to ask for help as well). 256K reconditioned ///s available along with other /// hardware. Software prices are reduced if purchased with the computer. //+, Lisa, Mac and MS-DOS hardware also available. The Lisa Shop P.O. Box 969; major support organization for Apple where the /// is concerned and offers a host of products. They have a large selection of /// commercial software and hardware (including parts) at mostly decent prices. Nationwide service offered for the /// community's a 512K upgrade, hard disks, etc. They also sell used ///s and peripherals. Finally, there's the 3.5" 800k Unidisk driver too. GS programs also available. Sun Remarketing P.O. Box 4059 150 E. 400 N Logan, UT 84321 1-800-821-3221 Sun Remarketing is a ware. Programs include Draw-On Three (a graphics program), DeskTop Manager (a background utility), and Selector /// (a switching program for hard disk users). Graphics Manager and Communications Manager are also top choices. On the hardware front, there There are still some places you can go to obtain Apple /// products. Be sure to write or call to be placed on their mailing lists. ON THREE PO Box 1193 Lake Stevens, WA. 98258. (206)-334-8001 Now one of two best sources for both commercial software/harde nation. One call gives you access to five complete 32-board systems. The Apple /// board is #5 on Conference 1. You must pay a separate fee to use the WAP TCS. Call the office for more information. SOURCES FOR HARDWARE AND COMMERCIAL SOFTWARE his free BBS for the Apple /// Community (You only pay for the phone call). Try it by calling (through a modem, of course) (804)-747-8752. WAP TCS We have one of the most extensive BBS systems (we call it the TCS or Tele-Conference System) in th a wide variety of programs and information. The software is free, but you do pay the normal CompuServe fees while you are logged on. ON THE BBS (ELECTRONIC BULLETIN BOARD) FRONT ///'s Company BBS (Ed Gooding). A wealth of information is offered on tble the cost ($3.00/$6.00). P&H extra. TAU 90+ disks. Available to all. Includes some programs licensed exclusively to TAU for use by its members. Mac and GS libraries. $3.50 per disk. MAUG/Compuserve MAUG's Apple /// Data Library containsngs include everything from graphics to word processing, Apple /// information to utilities. Check disk 3INF-01 for a complete catalog of what is offered. Huge selection of // and Mac PD software as well. ATUNC 30+ disks. Available to non-members at douompuServe by purchasing Starter Kits at most computer stores. SOURCES OF PUBLIC DOMAIN SOFTWARE Washington Apple Pi Your WAP /// SIG offers 120+ /// PD Disks, all at $2.00 each for members. Most disks are self-booting and doulbe-sided. Offeria, MD. 20814 (301)-654-8060 Micronetworked Apple Users Group (MAUG) CompuServe. MAUG's Apple /// section provides a fantastic forum for information exchange, and its Data Library for the /// is full of excellent information and programs. You can join C President 1113 Wheaton Oaks Dr. Wheaton, IL. 60187 (708)-665-6319 Washington Apple Pi (WAP) Cost: $32.00/Year /// SIG Initiation Fee: $ 7.00 7910 Woodmont Ave. #910 Bethesd If you are a /// EZ Pieces user, you can check out any of the AppleWorks books now on the market, since the two programs (1.0 versions) are essentially the same. ######## Woodland Hills, CA. 95695 1-916-668-5637 Frank Freeman knows Profiles better than just about anyone, and can fix them too! He's primarily a Lisa man, but has also been working on some projects for the ///. Call or write for more information.