LnSOS BOOT 1.1 SOS.KERNEL SOS KRNLI/O ERRORFILE 'SOS.KERNEL' NOT FOUND%INVALID KERNEL FILE: xةw,@  ȱlmi8#)!) APPLE /// USERS OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA VOL. 2 NO. 9 SEPTEMBER, 1985 SOFTWARE Reset Emulation (continued) Last month I had an article on how to change ones Apple ][ emulator disk to allow the reset button to work more like the A][+ reset button.Ŷ EMULATION.OF.A2Ŷ MENU.MAKER2;2III.INF.07u' %SEG.T j2;Ÿ/ DISKNAME.DATŶ5BUSINESS.BASICŶCATALYSTwŶCOPYPROTECTIONŶDESKTOP.PUBLISH >dLԡm#i㰼m#iЕOLԡȱfg hi !dLԡ憦  Ljmkm l y`2 Lԡ8(Je稽)ʈ@L The instructions were mostly oriented to using DISKEDIT ///, which I do not have. This is detailed instructions on how to use SECTOR EDIT in Copy ][+ to change the emulation disks. 1. Boot emulation and then Copy ][+. Make a copy of your emulation  thing as a small error here! II. Use the Apple ][ Integer basic, Trackmover program and instructions in Softalk, July, 1983, pp. 216, 222; or Use a disk block editor (or track sector editor) such as DISKEDIT /// to do the following: IAddressed Stamped Envelope to me. Dale Warnke, 187 Esplanade, Irvine, CA 92715. NMI RESET INSTRUCTIONS (for 48K or 64K Titan ///+//) I. Make an expendable copy of your Emulation for this exercise. There is no such ation disk block layout). There is also a Pascal program procedure in v2, n1, On Three by Al Evans for modifying the emulation disks(I've not used it). I'll gladly add the NMI RESET at no charge provided you send a copy of your Emulation disk and a Self   e, track and location numbers are EXACTLY the SAME to add the NMI RESET on both the 64K TITAN and 48k Standard Emulation disk and are given in George Oetzel's procedure and utilities in "Hot Rod ///", SOFTALK, July, 1983. (an excellant tutorial on the Emul Vol. 2 No. 8 AUGUST, 1985 RESET EMULATION WITHOUT REBOOTING The following is from Compuserve on how to modify your Emulation disks to allow you to Reset an A ][ program without rebooting the emulation disk. Thanks to Dale Warnke. The procedurnd hit Return. e A][ program and wish to boot another, use the following sequence. Reset (not control reset), 6, Control p, Return and it should start the boot process. When you hit reset you should get an asterisk *, if you get the Applesoft prompt ], then type PR#6 a59 FF 40 FA 7. Hit W(rite) and you are done. When I finished I hit control-reset to test my copy and got a lot of Control-G's (the bell sound). However, when I turned of the machine and then booted I did not have any problem.# 8. When you have run on9 FF 59 FF 40 FA If it is then hit W (for write) and then read the next track. 5. Hit R(ead) (Track) 9 (Sector) A Return 6. Hit E(nd of track) and it should be: F5 03 62 FA 62 FA 40 FA As before change this to read: F5 03 59 FF F5 03 62 FA 62 FA 40 FA Use the I, J, K, and M keys to move around and position the cursor on the first 62. Hit H (for Hex) and type 59 space-bar FF space-bar 59 space-bar FF Return. The last line should be changed to read: F5 03 5disk using the Copy option. Put your original emulation disk away. 2. Scroll down to Sector Edit and hit return. 3. Hit R (for Read) and insert 5 (for Track 5) and 5 (for Sector 5) and Return. 4. Hit E (for end of track) and the last line should be:II. Integer Basic image: 1. Load Disk block $2D, Page 1 (Apple ][ Track 5, Sector 5) 2. Locate(see Hint) the HEX string: F5 03 62 FA 62 FA 40 FA 3. Change 4 bytes to get: F5 03 59 FF 59 FF 40 FA 4. Save this modification back to Emulation Disk Block $2D. IV. Applesoft Basic image. 1. Load Disk block $4A, Page 2 (Apple ][ Track 9, Sector A (and locate and change the same hex strings as above:) 2. Locate(see Hint) the HEX string: F5 0 490 i=0 500 i=i+1 510 INPUT#1;a$(i) 520 GOTO 500 530 OFF EOF#1 540 RETURN 550 REM ************************************************* 560 REM PRINT ON SCREEN : 570 REM ************************************************* 580 HOGOTO 690 420 HPOS=1:GOTO 380 430 REM ************************************************* 440 REM READ DIRECTORY : 450 REM ************************************************* 460 PREFIX$=".D1/" 470 OPEN#1, PREFIX$ 480 ON EOF#1 GOTO 530 ********************************************* 360 VPOS=4 370 INPUT"DISK NAME: ";A$ 380 VPOS=8 390 INPUT"WHAT IS YOUR CHOICE? CREEN, OR

RINTER: ";C$ 400 IF C$="S" OR C$="s" THEN HOME:GOTO 550 410 IF C$="P" OR C$="p" THEN HOME: 290 IF C=3 THEN TEXT:HOME:RUN".D1/CATALOG.MENU" 300 IF C=27 THEN TEXT:HOME:RUN".D1/CATALOG.MENU" 310 HOME 320 GOSUB 430:REM READ DIRECTORY 330 REM ************************************************ 340 REM PICK OPTIONS : 350 REM ****00),B$(1000) 220 VPOS=3 230 PRINT USING"68C";"*** DISK.LABELER ***" 240 VPOS=11:HPOS=10 250 PRINT"(...or, use ESCAPE to Quit.)" 260 VPOS=7:HPOS=12 270 PRINT"INSERT DISK AND PRESS ANY KEY TO CONTINUE ...":GET C$ 280 C=ASC(C$) LE 150 REM :/// disk on Avery 1.5 inch X 4.0 inch labels. It 160 REM :is set up for an Epson MX-100 printer. The 170 REM :printer commands are located in lines 730-790. 180 REM 190 TEXT:HOME 200 GOSUB 990:REM CREATE LABEL FRAME 210 DIM A$(10 VOLUME 3 NUMBER 8 AUGUST 1986 100 REM ************************************************ 110 REM DISK LABELER 120 REM ************************************************ 130 REM 140 REM :This program prints the directory from an APPŶԶ.BBAS.PROG.LISTGŶԶ/BBAS.RUNTIME.PMJŶԶ /BBAS.STRUCTUREDN ŶԶ!/BBAS.UNDOC.FEATWv+ŶԶ%.BBAS.WORD.PUZZn ŶԶ(+WORD.PUZZLE 9 Զ5Զ6BUSINESS.BASICvŶ' '/BBAS.DISKLABELR *ŶԶ/BBAS.DRIVECLEANŶԶ.BBAS.EDUCATION$4!ŶԶ/BBAS.EXEC.COMMD6 ŶԶ+BBAS.INFO.2<ŶԶ,BBAS.PD.DISKBWASHINGTON APPLE PI PD DISK 3 62 FA 62 FA 40 FA 3. Change 4 bytes to get: F5 03 59 FF 59 FF 40 FA 4. Save this modification back to Emulation Disk Block $4A. Hint: If using DISKEDIT ///, look to lower right of HEX screen display. I used Trackmover from SofttaME 590 PRINT"DISK NAME: ";A$; TAB(38);"VOLUME NAME: ";LEFT$(A$(1),16) 600 PRINT 610 L=I-2:J=1 620 FOR I=4 TO L 630 PRINT MID$(A$(I),16,15); SPC(2); 640 IF I=L THEN 660 650 NEXT I 660 PRINT CHR$(10):VPOS=11:HPOS=5 670 PRINT A$(I+1);:GET C$ 680 HOME:RUN 120 690 REM ************************************************* 700 REM PRINT ON PRINTER : 710 REM ************************************************* 720 OPEN#2 AS OUTPUT,".PRINTER" 730 PRINT#2;CHR$(15r disk in" 70 PRINT"the appropriate drive at the prompt.":TEXT 105 ON ERR IF ERR=254 OR ERR=5 THEN PRINT CHR$(7);:GOTO 110:ELSE GOTO 500 110 VPOS=15:HPOS=6:PRINT CHR$(31); 111 VPOS=15:HPOS=6:INPUT"Total number of drives to be cleaned: ";total%  !"S=6:HPOS=6:PRINT CHR$(2); 40 PRINT"This program allows you to use one of the commercially available" 50 PRINT"head cleaner disks with your Apple ///. Input how many drives you" 60 PRINT"you will be cleaning (up to four) and insert the cleane APPLE /// USERS OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA VOL. 2 NO. 10 OCTOBER, 1985 BASIC PROGRAMS 1 REM **** A DISK DRIVE CLEANER PROGRAM **** 10 ON ERR GOTO 500 11 VPOS=13:HPOS=6: 20 TEXT:HOME:VPOS=1:HPOS=30:PRINT"DISK CLEANING PROGRAM" 30 VPO)/2,(24+H)/2 1250 NORMAL:HOME:RETURN 140 PRINT CHR$(32); 1150 NORMAL 1160 PRINT SPC(W); 1170 INVERSE 1180 PRINT CHR$(32) 1190 NEXT I 1200 HPOS=(80-W)/2 1210 FOR I=1 TO W+2 1220 PRINT CHR$(32); 1230 NEXT I 1240 WINDOW(84-W)/2+1,(24-H)/2+1 TO(80+W68 CHARACTERS WIDE 1040 H=12:REM ::: 12 LINES BETWEEN LABELS 1050 HOME:INVERSE 1060 VPOS=(24-H)/2 1070 HPOS=(80-W)/2 1080 FOR I=1 TO W+2 1090 PRINT CHR$(32); 1100 NEXT I 1110 PRINT 1120 FOR I=1 TO H 1130 HPOS=(80-W)/2 1 CLOSE:TEXT:HOME:RUN"CATALOG.MENU" 980 HOME:GOTO 930 990 REM ************************************************* 1000 REM SET FRAME FOR LABEL : 1010 REM ************************************************ 1020 TEXT:HOME 1030 W=68+2:REM ::: EM: PRINT#2;CHR$(27);CHR$(64):CLOSE 930 HOME:VPOS=6:HPOS=13 940 OPEN#4 AS OUTPUT,".CONSOLE" 950 PRINT#4;"WOULD YOU LIKE TO PRINT ANOTHER DISK (Y/N)?";:GET C$ 960 IF C$="Y" OR C$="y" THEN HOME:RUN 120 970 IF C$="N" OR C$="n" THEN PRINT#2;CHR$(10); 850 IF J/4=INT(J/4) THEN FLAG=1:ELSE FLAG=0 860 IF I=L THEN PRINT#2;CHR$(10);:GOTO 890 870 J=J+1 880 NEXT I 890 IF FLAG=1 THEN 900:ELSE PRINT#2; 900 PRINT#2;MID$(A$(I+2),2,64); 910 PRINT#2;CHR$(140); 920 R);"G";:REM SET DOUBLE STRIKE 780 PRINT#2"DISK NAME: ";A$; TAB(50);"VOLUME NAME: ";MID$(A$(1),2,16) 790 PRINT#2; 800 L=I-3:J=1 810 FOR I=4 TO L 820 B$(J)=MID$(A$(I),16,15) 830 PRINT#2;B$(J); SPC(2); 840 IF J/4=INT(J/4) THEN);:REM SETS CONDENSED PRINT 740 PRINT#2;CHR$(27);"0";:REM SETS LINE SPACING TO 1/8 750 PRINT#2;CHR$(27);"Q";CHR$(68);:REM SETS COLUMN WIDTH TO 68 760 PRINT#2;CHR$(27);"C";CHR$(12);:REM SETS FORM LENGTH TO 12 LINES 770 PRINT#2;CHR$(27 112 IF total%>4 OR total%<1 THEN PRINT CHR$(7);:GOTO 110 113 VPOS=17:HPOS=6:PRINT CHR$(31); 114 VPOS=17:HPOS=6:INPUT"What drive do you want to start with?: ";start% 115 IF start%>4 OR start%<1 THEN PRINT CHR$(7);:GOTO 113 116 whoa%=start%+total%-1 118 ON ERR GOTO 500 119 WINDOW 6,22 TO 80,24 120 FOR count1%=start% TO whoa% 130 HOME:OFF KBD 140 PRINT"Insert the cleaning disk in drive .D";count1%:PRINT 150 PRINT"Press 'RETURN' to begin, 'ESCAPE' to end."; 160 GET g$ic by adapting Applesoft programs to our own uses, since very little (practically none) is being developed by the developers that were formerly, hesitantly providing SOS-oriented software for the Apple III. For those of you attending the June 27th metware and not Business Computers."* *Excerpted from Business Software magazine editorials by Mr. Thom Hogan, Editor in Chief. The above is germane to our present efforts to interest members of A.T.U.N.C. in the project of programming in Business Base with a computer: With the right software, your work should be done at least as well with less effort or time expended. Note that all of this "power" comes from the software you use, not from the hardware, which is why we call our magazine Business Sofng a computer gives you control over others. Instead, think of power as being the ability to do more work, and do it faster and easier. A handsaw cuts wood well, but a powersaw does the same or better job with less effort on your part. So it should b a programming task. Just what is power? Why is it important to us (and to you)? We think that power is the reason you started using a personal computer. Not power in the sense that you have total control over the computer, or in the sense that usi#%&'()*+,-./01234ASE III and DOS. The art of programming is nothing more than instructing a computer in a series of tasks you want done. Building a spreadsheet is a programming task. Writing a batch file is a programming task. Creating a merge file for form letters isAPPLE /// USERS OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA VOL. 2 NO. 7 JULY, 1985 EDUCATION "Are we not programmers? Programmers? Yes, programmers. No, business users don't program in BASIC, Pascal or other computer languages. Instead, they program in 1-2-3, dBPOS=1:INVERSE:PRINT"Error #"; ERR;" in Line #"; ERRLIN; 510 NORMAL:END 600 IF KBD=27 THEN POP:GOTO 300 610 ON KBD GOTO 600 620 RETURN HOME:TEXT:OFF KBD 310 VPOS=18:HPOS=6:PRINT CHR$(2); 320 INVERSE:PRINT"'RETURN' to repeat, 'ESCAPE' to exit";:NORMAL 330 GET g$:IF g$=CHR$(13) THEN 10 340 IF g$<>CHR$(27) THEN PRINT CHR$(7);:GOTO 330 350 TEXT:HOME:END 500 TEXT:VPOS=23:H32 GOTO 230:ELSE GOTO 500 220 CATALOG(".D"+CONV$(count1%)) 225 HOME:PRINT:INVERSE:PRINT"NOT A CLEANING DISK. PRESS 'RETURN'." 226 NORMAL:GET g$:GOTO 130 230 PRINT"."; 235 ON ERR GOTO 500 240 NEXT 250 NEXT 300:IF g$=CHR$(27) THEN 300 170 IF g$<>CHR$(13) THEN PRINT CHR$(7);:GOTO 160 180 HOME:PRINT 185 ON KBD GOTO 600 190 PRINT"Cleaning drive .D";count1%;", 'ESCAPE' to abort. Please wait"; 200 FOR count2%=1 TO 10 210 ON ERR IF ERR=eting, Paul Barale did a good job of introducing this idea of using our minds and BB (Business Basic) to fill in those voids ourselves. All those cutesy, marvelous and tricky routines you can punch up on your consoles had to be programmed by someone, as you all already know. Well, to make things easier for everybody and to avail ourselves of already extant Applesoftware, we will demonstrate a package of tools that will enable you to access and convert it into Business Basic III programs with but a lune meeting got the brochures outlining this service that entitles subscribers to a 10-solution (ie, 10 separate calls to the HELPLINE) return on their investment of $89.00 ($73.00 if IAC members), which, when you consider the frustrations of obtaining again require the requisite minimum of five (5) applicants for discount purposes. International Apple Core also operates a \TOLL-FREE\ TECHNICALL SUPPORT HELPLINE to answer individual questions concerning any of the Apple Family. Those attending the Jt the August 29th meeting. Following placement of your order, please remit by check payable to A.T.U.N.C. in the amount of $71.35 mailed to: Edward Suttles; 3638 25th Street; San Francisco, CA 94110. Orders subsequent to this first Group Order will for complicated, structured programming; but the rewards will be worth the effort and you might even find it fun in the process. Those wishing to order, please call (415) 647-2759 (evenings) before July 31st so that these can be made available to you aucturing of some of the II-ware you can follow in the footsteps of such notables as Steven P. Jobs and Stephan G. Wozniak, who began this revolution while hacking as programmers for the biggies in Silicon Valley. It will require much work on your part ed to N.M.- $141.45; I.M. - $93.35) and gives every user the BASIC toolkit to provide a worthwhile hobby of programming your own software or conforming other programs to suit your own particular purposes. With a little practice and some applied BB str, do reports and make labels (includes written documentation) **(each of above) N.M.- $10.00; I.M.- $6.00; U.G.- $5.00 The above User Group prices apply to purchases of 5 or more units. The entire package (7 discs in all) will cost $71.35 (as compar**RS232 SLOT SELECTIVE DRIVER This is an Apple III driver that is slot selective so that you can plug an Apple II Super Serial Card in your III and have an extra serial port. **FILE CABINET III A small data base management system with the ability to sort programs to Apple BB on the Apple III. All statements not recognized will be noted in the output listing. **DOS-SOS CONVERTER This program takes Apple II text files and moves them to Apple III. A good example would be Visicalc or Applewriter Files. ple DMP, Imagewriter, Canon Ink Jet, Epson MX-80 or 100 or many other printers. This contains graphic manipulation devices to help you make stunning creations. NM - $49.95; I.M. - $35.95; U.G. - $25.95 **APPLE-CON Converts your Apple II Applesoft5.95; U.G. - $11.95 SKETCHPAD III An advanced graphics editor for A-III's, lets you create and print pictures in the 140x192 dot, sixteen color, graphics mode. What you create with the Apple Graphics Tablet, Mouse or Joystick can be printed with Apuire a Softcard III. NM - $25.00; I.M. - $15.95; U.G. - $11.95 BASIC Compare III Utility program that shows you the difference between two programs written in Apple Business Basic. A must for programming in BB language. NM - $25.00; I.M. - $1idual Member and User Group prices; Shipping and Handling usually runs an additional $1.50 per order): CP/M - SOS CONVERTER A ready to run program to convert your Apple III CP/M Files to SOS Files using your Apple III drives. Its operation does not reqittle extra effort and elbow-grease required as your part of conversion. International Apple Core, with offices at 908 George Street; Santa Clara, CA, 95054; (408-988-4484) offers the following III-software (Shown in sequence are the Non-member, Indivany answer to technical problems from dealers or people not knowledgeable about the Apple III, can cost much more time and money without satisfactory results. As the people manning the HELPline are "experts" in their various range of Apple's Orchard of computers, the I.A.C. guarantees a 97% proficiency in their ability to answer any and all questions put to them. For further information concerning subscribing, call 1-800-435-7688. Also, to facilitate their giving you the answers about assistance a are downloadable. Assuming you have downloaded a file and saved it into a textfile that is accessible with your word processor. The first thing to do is strip out all the extra words, characters and EXTRA carriage returns. The end, but only the en5789:s would be taking a file from a BBS, saving it as a text file and then EXECing it into Business Basic. When you have finished you will have a RUNable BASIC program. The Draco BBS and the A/// for Me BBS have a number of A/// Business Basic programs that VOLUME 3 NUMBER 2 FEBRUARY 1986 EXEC A BASIC FILE One of the commands that will save you time, when you program in BASIC, is EXEC. The EXEC command will read an ASCII text file and treat it like you were typing in a BASIC file. A common use of thisome light on future prospects for its provision. will be able to provide them answers and help them escape from the frustrations that we have all overcome, I THINK!!! Steve Wesolowski is presently working on the availability of III software and documentation remaining at Apple and perhaps he can shed people and that is a good idea. However, some are unable to attend scheduled meetings and have expressed the desire to have tutorial assistance. The Executive Steering Committee will consider both these subjects at its next meeting and, hopefully, we of newly-acquired, distress-sold Apple III's who lack manuals, documentation concerning the accompanying software and no idea of how to start it up and use it properly. Rod Whitten has mentioned the need for a New USER's group in A.T.U.N.C. for these abetical arrangement that makes this a pleasure to use). A companion book which the above was written to be used with is "BUSINESS BASIC FOR THE APPLE ///" also by Eddie Adamis and sells for $16.95. (Ed note). I receive many calls lately from ownerstshell what you have to do much shuffling and searching to find in other texts and does give a full compendium of BB Commands showing contexts in which used and examples of the best usage of those commands to achieve the desired results (all in an alph Jr.; published by Van Nostrand Reinhold Company and retailing for $14.95 at computer or technical bookstores. "BASIC KEYWORDS FOR THE APPLE III" by Eddie Adamis; published by John Wiley & Sons and retailing for $14.95 as above. This text has in a nu regarding peripherals, cabling etc., outages and the myriad problems that beset all users. In addition to the above materials, two books that make programming simpler to understand and use are: "USING APPLE BUSINESS COMPUTERS" by Kenniston W. Lord,vailable, identify yourself as an A.T.U.N.C. member. This is NOT a HOTLINE, but a TECHNICAL SUPPORT FACILITY (which immediately accesses you to a SPECIALIST) that could be very helpful to those who have networking III's and all who need technical helpd, of each BASIC statement must have a carriage return. A BASIC statement may be longer than 80 columns, so this creates the need for some editing of the ASCII textfile. The main thing is to edit out the carriage returns that appear in the middle of a Basic statement line, since the basic statement may be more than 80 characters long. If a carriage return is not at the end of a line, Business Basic does not know how to handle the remaining characters. When the file is ready to save, you must saver BASIC Startup Program on Catalyst should be as shown on page 4-1 of the Catalyst manual. Access to the menu program should be automatic with the Startup Program configured as shown. If it isn't, go into basic and type RUN .PROFILE/CATALYST/BMENU.EDITascal programs) without having to remember the pathname. To set it up see section 4 (Advanced Information) in the Catalyst 2.0 manual. This allows you to put your Basic programs on the hard disk and boot them from a menu also. To access this menu, you errors can still occur with this version. Rod Whitten ****BASIC MENU WITHIN CATALYST**** For those of you with Catalyst, there is a feature that allows you to have a mini-menu beyond the main Catalyst menu to run your Basic programs (or similarly Pon 1.1 that I have heard about is that you are now only constrained by your memory size in writing Business Basic programs, no more 64K limit. The program also fixed some internal bugs involving SWAP, and added a BYE command. Per Frank Moore variableto bring back the old one. For those of you who have not changed and wish to bring in your Original Business Basic disk and a blank disk and I will trade your blank for a disk with Version 1.23 on it. The main difference between Version 1.23 and Versi;=>?@it for a slightly different Version of BB 1.23. The one I had at the March meeting has a "bug" which makes it less automatic when using it with Catalyst. I currently have one which works fine with Catalyst and I will have disks to exchange if you wish April 1985 VOL. 2 NO. 4 ****BUSINESS BASIC VERSION 1.23 (Continued)**** For all those who brought in their Original Business Basic disks and got a BB Version 1.23 last month, if you do the same thing at the April (or May) meeting I will exchange SAMPLE.FILE. After the file has been saved, type RUN and the file should run. If it doesn't run, it should give you an error message as to the line number with the problem. - Rod Whitten o your textfile, make the correction, save the corrected file, reboot BASIC, and EXEC it again. When it finishes EXECing, list the program to make sure it got to the end. If it EXECed the whole file, then SAVE the BASIC program, for example, SAVE .D2/saved on the your external disk drive or EXEC .RAM/TEMP1, if it is saved to a ramdisk. While the file is EXECing you will see ) appearing in the left column of the screen until it is done. If it does not completely EXEC, reboot Word Juggler, go back tRAM/TEMP1. This would save my "cleaned up" file to a temporary file that I am calling TEMP1. With 3 EZPieces you would print (OA P) to an ASCII file on a disk(or ramdisk). EXEC the file, by booting BASIC and then typing EXEC .D2/TEMP1, if the file is it as an ASCII text file to prevent any extra control characters from appearing in the text file you are trying to EXEC from. With Word Juggler this is done by placing an asterisk before the file name. If I were saving to the ramdisk, I would type *. and provide the proper pathnames for your basic program. You will need to have previously saved the programs to the hard disk and know their Program Path and Initial Prefix. For example, if you have the program FOOTBAL stored on your Profile in a sub-directory call GAMES and FOOTBAL uses various data files in the sub-directory called SCORE, then your Program Path would be ".PROFILE/GAMES/FOOTBALL" and the Initial Prefix would be ".PROFILE/SCORE" FHod that I have found to LIST a file. OPEN#1, .printer (no quotes required in direct mode) OUTPUT#1 LIST CLOSE (this closes all open files, CLOSE#1 would close only file #1) Within a program, the following will cause output to go to APPLE /// USERS OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA VOL. 2 NO. 6 JUNE, 1985 BUSINESS BASIC One of my early frustrations with BB was that I spent a long time looking for the instructions on how to send a file to the printer. The following is the simplest methmake a menu to use in a program. The program that Make.menu produces could be used as a hello program. The documentation for this program is MAKE.MENU.DOC. MAKE.MENU.DOC..The documentation for MAKE.MENU. e converted from Applesoft. The program is originally from the San Francisco Apple Core Library. SURVIVAL.......Can you survive in the wilderness. Take this test to find out. MAKE.MENU......This is our feature program. It's a utility that allows you to od. BIORHYTHM......Will print out you biorythm to a printer or the screen. If you need to dump the info to a Silentype or an Epson change line to whatever device name you wish. GOLF...........Practice your golfing stratagy using this program. A text gamASIC with the use of APPLECON convertion program available through the Original Apple // rs. Mortgage will find out how much that new house really will cost you. CAL.COUNTER....Keep track of your calorie intake. You may add more items to the list of fo DISK.DOC.......A text file containing information about the programs on this disk. INVENTORY......This program utilizes several formulas to help you figure inventory costs. MORTGAGE.......This and the next three programs were converted from Applesoft Bext) files included on the disk. It was written with Apple Writer ///. You can use the up and down arrow keys to view the text. Use the ESCAPE key to exit and catalog this disk. This program needs to be in the on-board disk (.D1) to function correctly. ACDEin Library disk of Business Basic Programs #1. It, like disk #2, is a collection of miscellaneous useful programs written in Apple /// Business Basic. DOC.READER.....This is a menu-driven text file reader that will allow you to read the documentation (tAPPLE THREE USERS OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA VOLUME 3 NUMBER 1 JANUARY 1986 PUBLIC DOMAIN SOFTWARE REVIEW (WAP NOTE: THIS IS OF THE ATUNC PD DISK SERIES) REVIEW OF PUBLIC DOMAIN DISK: BUSINESS BASIC PROGRAMS #1 This is a review of the ATUNC Public Domaa printer or the screen. 10 OPEN#1, ".printer" 20 PRINT "This goes to the screen" 30 PRINT#1 "This goes to the printer" 40 CLOSE#1 50 END This assumes that your printer driver is called .printer. please contact me to work with me and give me your input. If it's going to be useful and universal to all /// users, it doesn't make sense for me to do it on my own. I've got Basic working pretty well for my own uses, but NO WAY am I a cracker jack progrMOPQRSTUe unwanted lines from a skeleton than it is to type them in each time and test them. Best of all, is that all those syntactical quirks of punctuation are already in place to use or copy elsewhere. If you have interest in programing in Business Basic, VOLUME 3 NUMBER 4 APRIL 86 STRUCTURED BUSINESS BASIC I've been working on a skeleton program in Business Basic towards the end of standardizing a form that we all can use, read and modify easily. A further benefit will be that it is quicker to delet)+60*VAL(bmin$)+3600*VAL(bh$) 12060 PRINT"The program took ";t2-t1;" seconds to run" 12070 PRINT:PRINT"The program started running at ";a$ 12080 PRINT:PRINT"and finished at";b$ 12090 END ************************************* 12010 b$= TIME$ 12020 ah$=LEFT$(a$,2):amin$=MID$(a$,4,2):asec$= RIGHT$(a$,2) 12030 t1=VAL(asec$)+60*VAL(amin$)+3600*VAL(ah$) 12040 bh$=LEFT$(b$,2):bmin$=MID$(b$,4,2):bsec$= RIGHT$(b$,2) 12050 t2=VAL(bsec$ REM * Carlo Infante * 1110 REM * 12/17/85 * 1120 REM * * 1130 REM * * 1140 REM * * 1150 REM nding times and compute the elapsed time for you. 1060 REM ************************************* 1070 REM * * 1080 REM * * 1090 REM * * 1100 IKL10 REM Using the renumber.inv module 1020 REM Be sure NOT to end the program with END statement 1030 REM Also avoid using the variables used above and below. 1040 REM The program will use the system clock to figure out starting and 1050 REM e APPLE THREE USERS OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA VOLUME 3 NUMBER 1 JANUARY 1986 BASIC PROGRAM PROGRAM RUN TIME 100 REM file is run.time. Finds out how long a main program took to run 110 a$= TIME$:HOME 1000 REM Insert your program here 10amer. If you come to the meetings, I'll be pleased to provide you a copy of the skeleton printout and flowchart. Otherwise, call me at 415-431-4350 and I'll send it to you. If you want it on disk, contact the library committee, or bring a blank with you to the meeting and I'll trade you. (Don't forget to volunteer contributing your favorite programming efforts or other public domain software to the A.T.U.N.C. library.) The skeleton is divided by line numbers into the essential sections of a prograVXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijkle next meeting and will make you a copy on your blank disk (time permitting). Please bring your ORIGINAL Business Basic disk for verification that you own BB and are therefore entitled to the updates. See the article "Undocumented Features" of Business VOL. 2 NO. 2 BUSINESS BASIC Business Basic Version 1.2.3 is out and available to anyone who currently owns the original version. This version fixes several bugs in the original version that most A///er's own. I will have a copy of this version at tht be of much use for those quick and dirty programs we all write, but for major efforts, it could be real boon to ourselves and anyone else who uses or tries to improve our programs. - Wayne Schotten ssing from BASIC. I'm also looking at the idea of writing a program in BASIC that uses our Hi Res graphics to do automated flow charting which might then lead to at least partial automatic code generation. Anyone interested? Obviously, the skeleton won'sewhere. Examples of things I need help with are READ and DATA statements, since I've never used them. Can you use more one than one set in a program? If you're math inclined, I'm looking for a method of producing the arcsine and arcosine which are mi speed of sound in English units. An example of standard functions would be comlog(arg)=LOG(arg)/LOG(10) to produce the common log of a number. I am using (arg) for the argument or the replacable variable rather than using x which has plenty of uses elm or e for metric or English units. Whenever posssible, the standard engineering or math symbol will be used. For instance, the speed of light would be kclm. K for constant, c for velocity, l for light, and m for metric. In this manner, kcse would be the query handling routines are at 53400. ERROR handling routines are at line 63000. Besides the obvious, such as pi described as pi, I'm trying to define constants in a manner easily remembered. Each starts with the letter k for constant, and ends with 40000 for the main program line. Line 10 begins the programer supplied subroutines, line 10000 begins standard subroutines, and line 30000 begins less used subroutines. File handling routines begin at line at 52100, menu routines are at line 52600, and700 CREATEs and OPENs files, 53800 DIMENSIONs arrays, 53900 DEFines functions, 54300 produces constants, 54700 contains DATA statements, 54900 are the IMAGE statements, and 55000 are GRAPHICS tables and shapes routines. The program then branches to lines immediately to line 63500 where the program is described and the user is given a choice to go on or quit. If accepted the program branches to line 53600 for the initialization routines. 53600 INVOKEs assembly language modules the program will use, 53m and contains common subroutines, functions and constants. Line 0 is a text-file-making line to turn the remainder of the program into a text file on disk for sending via modem, or using word processors to edit your programs. The program then branche Basic elsewhere in this newsletter. This info should be valuable to you, if you are programming with Business Basic. Undocumented Limitations of Apple /// Business Basic ------------------------------------------------------------ Part 1 Daryldata (on byte) and a number indicating the location of the real string data in high memory (two bytes). BACK POINTERS To alleviate the GC hangups, BusBas also stores a 3 byte BACK POINTER up in high memory with the actual string data which identifies ned by simple variables and arrays which are less dynamic. An entry for each string is stored in low variable memory which looks a lot like simple variable storage but is actually a 'descriptor' containing IN THREE BYTES the length of the actual string sion appears to have been made to try to avoid this GC hangup. STRING DESCRIPTORS Strings in BusBas are implemented, to a point, in a manner similar to MS basics; the actual string contents are stored in high memory, filling down to a lower limit defiminutes I've seen. Many users try the old "toggle the on-off switch" trick and lose everything. (Break, cntl-c, etc don't work during GC because Basic is buried deep within its own internals at this point). On the Apple /// Business Basic a design deciM vs APPLE /// If you sit down to an IBM PC running interpreted basic in a 'stringy' program, sooner or later you'll hit the Garbage Collection (hence GC); on this machine, and most Microsoft Basic machines this can really take some time - up to 2-5 erpreter basics for that matter) must go back through memory and free up the space used by the temporary strings. Since they are intermixed with permanent string values this is a somewhat involved process - usually referred to as GARBAGE COLLECTION. IBreate a number of temporary strings in storage. In the process of working with temporary and permanent strings Basic just uses up more and more free memory. When storage fills up with these temporary and permanent string data Business Basic (and most intirst, requires some understanding of how basic stores string arrays... to whit : GARBAGE COLLECTION While processing simple string assignments like A$=A$+B$ or while evaluating INPUT values or a variety of other 'stringy' data, Business Basic must cry to trigger the error since the DIM only works on low-memory pointers but the assign forces attempted creation of an illegal "Back Pointer" - see below. Explanation of this second error, and diagnostics to be applied if you must DIM a numeric array fVARIABLE ERROR. Try this one : 10 CLEAR 15 DIM X%(30000) 20 INPUT "A$ dim value : ";ADIM: rem try 1830 then 1950 30 DIM A$(ADIM) 40 PRINT "FREE MEMORY = ";FRE 45 A$(ADIM)="xxxxx" 50 GOTO 10 Note that the assignment of actual data in line 45 is necessaIM A$(ADIM) 40 PRINT "FREE MEMORY = ";FRE 50 GOTO 10 (2) YOU SHOULD ALWAYS TRY TO DIMension STRING ARRAYS BEFORE ALL OTHERS. Depending entirely upon the specific dimensions of a numeric array DImmed prior to the string array, you may see the dreaded 841) on my machine leaves 111514 bytes free and DIM A$(21842) causes an OUT OF MEMORY ERROR. Similarly DIM A$(99,217) is ok (100*218 elements) but DIM A$(100,217) is not. Try this program on your machine... 10 CLEAR 20 INPUT "A$ dim value : ";ADIM 30 Dhe assembly line 1.23 ?! (1) Because of the way Business Basic stores string data there is an absolute limitation of 21841 total elements of a string array. This limit applies at DIM time (e.g. before any actual string data is stored). Thus DIM A$(21 Anderson D A DataSystems 12/09/84 ------------------------------------------------------------ String Array Limitations - VARIABLE & OUT OF MEMORY ERRORS Known to apply to versions 1.0 and 1.1 and expected for 1.2 but possibly not the last off tthe string type (e.g. temp, array) in one byte and the location of the FORWARD POINTER or STRING DESCRIPTOR in low memory in two bytes. The location of the string descriptor is described as an offset from a base value which is the beginning of array storage (for array strings) or simple variable storage (for non arrays). But since this value is contained in 2 bytes the maximum it can contain, and thus the maximum offset of the string descriptor from the base, is 64K or 65,536 bytes. Now we can string data in high-memory carries with it the useful but infamous 'back pointer' with 3 bytes of data. THUS the high-memory space (and thus the piece of that max 64K offset) used by each string is : {string_len + 3} bytes. SO... 65536/4 = 163it to string data total for a program is 64K (=65535 bytes). However : This does not mean you could store, for example, 512 strings of 128 bytes each or 65536 single character strings. This is because, as mentioned in UNDOC1.BAS, each collection of srries the offset of that data from the top of free memory. Since this is a 2 byte value it can only manage to legitimately describe a value of x'FFFF or 64K. Thus the greatest offset of a piece of string data from top memory is 64K and the overall limlement of a string array is associated with a 3 byte string 'descriptor' in low memory (details in Part 1). The significant portion of that descriptor is a 2 byte component which specifies the actual location of the string data itself - specifically it calimits to the total amount of string data which can be associated with a given program. The exact limits are very dependent upon specifics of the application. Surpassing the limits will result in a VARIABLE ERROR. Background : Each simple string or e last off the assembly line 1.23 ?! Have you ever gotten an OUT OF MEMORY ERROR, then done a PRINT FRE only to be told that you've got 108,427 bytes free ? If so read on. (1) Because of the way business basic stores strings there are some absolute ---------------------------------------------------------- Further String Array Limitations - OUT OF MEMORY ERRORS ------------------------------------------------------------ Known to apply to versions 1.0 and 1.1 and expected for 1.2 but possibly not theccurs since it is only then that the Interpreter tries to build a back pointer with an offset value greater than 64K. VOL. 2 NO. 2 ------------------------------------------------------------ Part 2 Daryl Anderson D A DataSystems 12/20/84 --hat the DIMming will not cause an error, since it only builds a long string of 3 byte descriptors. It is only when an attempt is made to allocate an actual string for an element outside the offset range (e.g. A$(1900) or A$(10000) here) that the error o storage' which the Back Pointers must refer to. Dimensioning X%(30000) takes up 60000+ bytes at the front of array storage and A$(0) will be at offset 60015, thus leaving room for only (65535-60015)/3 = approximately 1840 additional slots. Note tAR then DIM AAAA$(21841) bombs. ------------------------------------------------------------ Explanation of (2) above. DIMming other non-string arrays before string arrays has the same effect of "using up" offset values from the base of 'start of array bytes. Remembering that DIM(21841) gives 21842 elements we get 7 + 21842 * 3 = 65533, 2 bytes free and no room for another triplet. Interesting note is that part of that header info is the variable name. Adding 2 bytes in DIM AAA$(21841) is OK but CLEset from that base, then eventually one of those slots will be more than 65535 bytes from the base. Checking 65536/3 = 21845. Well it turns out that each array has a bit or header info stored in low memory before the actual slots, for our A$() this is 7ee why (1) and (2) occur. ------------------------------------------------------------ Explanation of (1) above. If the very first array declared (DIMmed) is A$ containing a long list of three byte slots for future descriptors, each another 3 bytes off84 single character strings max 65536/83 = 789 80 byte strings and various mixes in between. TYPICALLY you will run into this problem if, for example, you were writing a Word Processor in Basic and wanted to manage 1000 lines of max 80 characters in memory, about 20 pages. Figuring on a 256K machine the roughly 80K storage is available. Basic will calmly allow you to DIM LINES$(1000) then BOMB out at about line 700. Since you've inevitably got other strings, including quoted literalPress to begin . . . ":GET a$ 70 CLEAR:HOME 80 PRINT"This program creates word search puzzles for your enjoyment.":PRINT" 1) Enter words into computer." 85 PRINT" 2) Type 'stop' to stop entering" 90 PRINT" 3) Computer will print:mopqrstuvkee" 45 PRINT"From CREATIVE COMPUTING MAGAZINE originally written for the IBM PC (yeech!)":PRINT:PRINT:PRINT 50 PRINT"Revised and translated to Apple /// by Dan Kunesh" 55 PRINT"Donated to Draco-Net by Elliot Fabric" 60 PRINT:PRINT" APPLE /// USERS OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA VOL. 2 NO. 10 OCTOBER, 1985 Title:Word Puzzle Program From: KENT FILLMORE 10 HOME:NORMAL 20 PRINT"Word Search Creator ***" 30 PRINT"***********************" 40 PRINT:PRINT"Author: David W. Dur DIM A%(32763) ...ok 32764 total elements right DIM A%(3,8190) ...nope but still 32764 elements = (3+1)*(8190+1) ximate since the length info in the header included the length of the header itself which takes up more space for longer variable names and larger number of dimensions. Try these... DIM A%(32763) ...ok ...CLEAR DIM AA%(32763) ...nope ...OUT OF MEMORY skip over the space occupied by a non-matching entry. Since integers store in two bytes, reals in four and long integers in eight, the following approximate max DIMs apply: DIM int%(32750) DIM real(16375) DIM lint&(8175) These values are only approprior two notes, this 2 byte limitation works out to a64K cap on the number to be represented. This element of the array header is necessary and quite useful since it allows the Basic interpreter's "find this array entry in memory" routine to quicklyted limitation of Business Basic. SPECIFICALLY No single numeric array may occupy more than 64K (=65536) bytes of memory. This occurs because the array header stores a 2 byte value containing the length of the space occupied by the array. As in the ---- Numeric array limitations - OUT OF MEMORY ERROR ------------------------------------------------------------ Although not at all as esoteric as the prior two notes in this series, I thought it might be useful to briefly document another undocumen {string_len + 6} bytes so 1000 single character strings take up 7000 bytes. ------------------------------------------------------------ Part 3 Daryl Anderson D A DataSystems 12/20/84 --------------------------------------------------------ill degrade significantly as you approach this limit as garbage collection rate increases. NOTICE that single character strings and other small ones are extremely space inefficient - total space required by any string, including descriptor is : s, in the program, the 789 noted above is not reached. TRAPPING for this error is tricky since Basic's string temporaries themselves reside in this high memory area and thus the code that manages the error might itself hang, internally. Performance w":PRINT" a) Answer Key":PRINT" b) Puzzle ":PRINT" c) Word List" 94 PRINT:INVERSE:PRINT"Printer or other output device required ";:NORMAL 95 PRINT:PRINT"While printing Press to delay printing -or-" 96 PRINT" to quit ":PRINT 97 INPUT"What device to send finished puzzle to (.PRINTER for example)?";out$ 100 PRINT:INPUT"Are you making this puzzle for a friend or yourself (1=friend 0=self )?";wowzy$ 105 IF wowzy$<>"0"CATALYSTvŶ' '.CATLYT.COP.PROyaŶ׶w+CATLYT.COPY}Ŷ׶wCATLYT.DECATERŶ׶w/CATLYT.DNAM.DRI Ŷ׶w/CATLYT.DYNM.DRV SŶ׶w/CATLYT.TRANSFERSE IF ASC(zzz$)=13 THEN RETURN::ELSE GOTO 580 600 GOTO 580 700 OFF KBD 710 IF KBD=27 THEN END:ELSE PRINT"Press to continue . . .":GET zzz2$:ON KBD GOTO 700 720 RETURN GOTO 470 550 CLOSE:END 560 HOME:INVERSE:PRINT"Press to move printer up a line -or-" 570 PRINT"Press to continue printing ":NORMAL 580 PRINT CHR$(7):GET zzz$ 585 OFF KBD:ON KBD GOSUB 700 590 IF ASC(zzz$)=27 THEN PRINT#2;:ELw$(ptr):NEXT z7 530 FOR i=1 TO z-1:PRINT#2;w$(i):NEXT i 540 PRINT:INPUT"Would you like another copy?";a$ 545 IF LEFT$(a$,1)<>"Y" AND LEFT$(a$,1)<>"y" THEN 550 546 INPUT"To what device (.PRINTER for example)?";out$:OPEN#2,out$:GOSUB 560: PRINT#2;:FOR x=1 TO 20:FOR y=1 TO 20:PRINT#2;CHR$(a%(x,y));" ";:NEXT y:PRINT#2;:NEXT x 500 RETURN 510 PRINT#2;"Word List":PRINT#2;:FOR z7=1 TO z-2:ptr=z7:FOR z8=z7+1 TO z-1:IF w$(z8)45 THEN 460 440 b%=INT(RND(1)*26)+65 450 IF RND(1)<.5 THEN a%(x,y)=b%:ELSE a%(x,y)=b%+32 460 NEXT y:NEXT x 470 GOSUB 490:PRINT#2;:PRINT#2;"Word Puzzle" 480 GOSUB 560:GOTO 510 490 PRINT CHR$(28) 410 GOSUB 560 420 INPUT"Ready to Print. Turn on Printer and hit ...";a$:cpf=2:GOSUB 490 430 PRINT#2;:PRINT#2;"Word Puzzle Answer Key":PRINT#2;:GOSUB 560:PRINT"Please wait a moment for me to create puzzle . . ."x1+3:PRINT CHR$(a%(x1,y1)); 350 NEXT c 360 b=0:FOR x=1 TO 3:FOR y=1 TO 3:b%(x,y)=0:NEXT y:NEXT x:HPOS=44:VPOS=1:GOT O 150 370 FOR x=1 TO 20:FOR y=1 TO 20:IF a%(x,y)<>0 THEN 390 380 a%(x,y)=45 390 NEXT y:NEXT x 400 10 300 GOTO 330 310 x=INT(RND(1)*3)-1:y=INT(RND(1)*3)-1 320 IF(x=0 AND y=0) OR b%(x+2,y+2)=0 THEN 310 330 x1=l:y1=u:FOR c=1 TO LEN(a$):x1=x1+x:y1=y1+y:a%(x1,y1)=ASC(MID$(a$,c,1)) 335 IF wowzy=0 THEN GOTO 350 340 HPOS=y1+2:VPOS=2)+1 250 NEXT c 260 b%(x+2,y+2)=b%(x+2,y+2)+1:b=b+1 270 NEXT y:NEXT x:IF b=0 THEN 200 280 r=2:d=2:FOR x=1 TO 3:FOR y=1 TO 3:IF b%(x,y)>b%(r,d) THEN r=x:d=y 290 NEXT y:NEXT x:x=r-2:y=d-2:IF x=-1 AND y=-1 AND b%(1,1)=1 THEN 3=u:FOR c=1 TO LEN(a$):x1=x1+x:y1=y1+y:IF x1>20 OR x1<1 OR y1>20 OR y1<1 THEN b%(x+2,y+2)=0:GOTO 270 220 IF a%(x1,y1)=0 THEN 250 230 IF a%(x1,y1)<>ASC(MID$(a$,c,1)) THEN b%(x+2,y+2)=0:GOTO 270 240 b%(x+2,y+2)=b%(x+2,y+top entering words.)" 165 INPUT"? ";a$:IF a$="" THEN 160 170 tmp$=a$ 180 IF a$="stop" OR a$="STOP" THEN 370 190 w$(z)=a$ 200 u=INT(RND(1)*20)+1:l=INT(RND(1)*20)+1:FOR x=-1 TO 1:FOR y=-1 TO 1:IF x=y AND y=0 THEN 270 210 x1=l:y1 AND wowzy$<>"1" THEN 70:ELSE wowzy=CONV(wowzy$) 110 HOME 120 OPEN#2,out$ 130 HOME:z=0 140 DIM w$(200),b%(3,3),a%(20,20) 150 z=z+1 160 HPOS=1:VPOS=1:FOR q=1 TO 20:PRINT" ":NEXT q:HPOS=1:VPOS=1:PRINT"Word # ";CONV$(z);" ('stop' to sŶ׶w.CATLYT.UPGRADE~Ŷ׶w/CATLYT.VS.SELEC QŶ׶ w VOLUME 3 NUMBER 2 FEBRUARY 1986 EXTRA INTERP There are a few programs that can't be put on the Catalyst menu because of their copy protection techniques. There is a simple method to get around the inconvenience of rebooting the system every time youApril 1985 VOL. 2 NO. 4 DECATALYZER The program FIXER really fixes catalyzed disks so that they will boot again. Charles F. McConathy thinks that's better than sliced bread!!! He used it on Advanced Visicalc and Word Juggler and both booted again.[+ Version 5.0 (or greater) ($40). Copy ][+ 5.0 requires 64K minimum (the Titan Card). To copy most A/// programs use Bit Copy and Sync. ary). Technically you bought the Profile, but the Original of the Catalyst boot disk must be "relicensed" from Quark. A][ bit copiers that will copy A/// programs are Locksmith Version 5.0 or greater ($100), Essential Data Duplicator ($70), and Copy ]|~. Two disk drives are not an absolute requirement to run a bit copier, but with Locksmith you will have 35 disk swaps to copy one disk. It is legal to make backup copies of programs that you personally own (with declining A/// support, I think necessVOL. 2 NO. 12 DECEMBER, 1985 Q3. How can I copy my Catalyst boot disk, that came with the used Profile I bought? A3. Catalyst (and most A/// copy protected programs) can usually be copied with an Apple ][ bit copier that is run in emulation modeou to the Catalyst menu when you are finished by hitting double apple escape. - ROD WHITTEN llows you to boot a program you do not have on your Catalyst menu, but still preserves your Ramdisk memory. It will boot whatever disk you put in the internal drive (you could send it to any other drive simply by changing the prefix) and still return ynone) ... If the interpreter needs something special in the way of fonts or keyboards or drivers, you can specify those as required. Regards, Dan Wade This was adapted from a message Dan left on Compuserve. Dan is a member of TAU. This technique areter Path: .D1/SOS.INTERP 3. Extra Drivers: (whatever extra you need) 4. Character Set Path: DEFAULT 5. Screen: Normal 6. Keyboard: DEFAULT 7. Initial Prefix: .D1 8. Max Files Allowed Open: 3 (at least 0 to allow double apple escape) 9. Program Path: (xz{ want to switch to these programs. The technique is to put an entry in the Catalyst menu to run the interpreter in the internal drive, whatever it may be. From the Catalyst editor, manually add the following: 1. Display Name: .D1/SOS.INTERP 2. Interp FIXER also comes with Basic Version 1.23 on the disk. It is very simple to run and while it warns you it may not work, Rod Whitten has not had it fail or mess up a disk. A good utility program for anyone with Catalyst to have. From CompuServe APPLE /// USERS OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA VOL. 2 NO. 1 CATALYST 2.0 - DYNAMIC DRIVERS Quark Engineering, Inc. introduced Catalyst 2.0 over a year ago with the ability to "dynamically load" up to six drivers. The manual is not altogether clear aboutAPPLE THREE USERS OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA VOL 3 NUMBER 9 SEPTEMBER 1986 DYNAMIC DRIVERS IN CATALYST When using Catalyst with your harddisk it is quite easy to build a SOS Driver file bigger than the 51K allowed by System Utilities, if you add on extraed in a given program, one of these can be a disk driver. Certain drivers such as .Spool cannot be loaded dynamically. By the way, is anyone using the .Backup driver? - Elliot Fabric y system uses three floppy drives. I hit escape twice, selected item 5 to update. If .Quarkcom and the six .Unused drivers are in SOS.Driver on your boot disk, everything should work. The six .Unused drivers allow for up to six extra drivers to be loado format from Systems Utilities, I placed the cursor at Systems Utilities and hit the return. In the next menu, Item 3 was Extra Drivers. Extra Drivers are drivers which will be loaded dynamically. I keyed in .FMTD1, .FMTD2, .FMTD3 and hit return; mt Catalyst Edit from the main Catalyst Menu. Then select item 1, Edit Catalyst Menu and place the cursor at the program which will need to dynamically load drivers. For example, I removed the four .FMTD formatter drivers from my boot disk. In order tstatus and the four .FMTD formatter drivers. I deleted .Audio, .Grafix, all four .FMTDs, and .Spoolstatus from my boot disk driver file, leaving me with 19K of memory left in SCP after reading in the drivers. To use the dynamic load feature, selecer file contains .Grafix, .Audio, .RS232, .Backup and other drivers that Quark thought the average /// user might load dynamically. You can read and work with a driver file with Systems Configuration Program (SCP) from Systems Utilities. I added .Spooly by not always having to load every driver. .Grafix, for instance, uses 4.5K of memory. This was exactly what I wanted. When Catalyst 2.0 installed itself, it created a driver file with the full pathname of .Profile/Catalyst/SOS.Driver. This driv else I could delete. I reread my Catalyst menu again and started asking Apple /// users questions. Dynamic loading means not all drivers must be present on SOS.Driver on your Catalyst boot disk. There was the additional advantage of saving memorivers that I ended up deleting .Quarkcom and the six .Unused drivers to make more room. My system functioned just fine without these deleted drivers. The problem arose when I wanted to add the .Attach screen dump driver. There was no room and nothing how this dynamic loading worked. This article is about taking advantage of dynamic loading. SOS.Driver on my Catalyst boot disk kept growing. I added Quark's Discourse spooler drivers, then On Three's .OnTime driver. In fact I added so many dr features like a ramdisk driver and a spooler driver. When you try to build a SOS Driver file that is too large to be saved by the System Utilities, you will get an error message. Fortunately, Catalyst has a way around this problem, Dynamic Drivers. programs. Each program loaded from the Catalyst menu can (and probably will) have different driver requirements. For example, with Word Juggler the RS232 driver is loaded, because of Terminus (a communications program that runs from within Word Juggler)rs .SPOOLSTATUS, .RS232, and .PRINTER. All of these drivers appear in the .PROFILE/CATALYST/SOS.DRIVER list, but are not on my boot disk driver file. This dynamically loading of up to 6 additional drivers gives me much more flexibility in my individual Normal 6. Keyboard path: DEFAULT 7. Initial prefix: .PROFILE/WJ 8. Max files allowed open: * (Catalyst can only be invoked by quitting) 9. Program path: Edit which item (ESCAPE to exit)? For this program, Word Juggler, I am loading the extra driveditor (version 2.0) Edit entry for program Program options: 1. Display name: Word Juggler 2. Interpreter path: CATALYST/WORD.JUGGLER 3. Extra drivers: .SPOOLSTATUS,.RS232,.PRINTER 4. Character set path: DEFAULT 5. Screen:go into the Catalyst editor, select the Editor Item #1 and a screen like the one shown below will appear. The extra drivers go into menu item #3. Catalyst Es: RETURN to accept ESCAPE to exit to SCP menu ? for Help Read a Driver File Enter Pathname of Driver File : .PROFILE/CATALYST/SOS.DRIVER These drivers are only loaded if you configure your Catalyst menu to ask for them. To do this you 9:33 PM Read a Driver File Current Driver Configuration: 1 .RS232 2 .GRAFIX 3 .SILENTYPE 4 .FMTD1 5 +.FMTD2 6 +.FMTD3 7 +.FMTD4 8 .AUDIO 9 .BACKUP 10 .PRINTER 11 .SPOOLSTATUS ( Available memory: Approximately 26K bytes ) Pres ? for Help Read a Driver File Enter Pathname of Driver File : .D1/SOS.DRIVER This SOS.DRIVER file is on my hardisk and contains only drivers that can be dynamically loaded. Apple /// System Configuration Program 7 Sep 86 11:1 15 .RAM 5 +.UNUSED2 16 .SPOOL 6 +.UNUSED3 7 +.UNUSED4 8 +.UNUSED5 9 +.UNUSED6 10 .FMTD1 11 +.FMTD2 ( Available memory: Approximately 5K bytes ) Press: RETURN to accept ESCAPE to exit to SCP menu /// System Configuration Program Read a Driver File Current Driver Configuration: ( *=Inactive ) 1 .CONSOLE 12 +.FMTD3* 2 .PROFILE 13 +.FMTD4* 3 .QUARKCOM 14 .CATALYST 4 +.UNUSED1 e SOS.DRIVER file shown below is on my Catalyst Boot disk. None of these drivers, with the exception of the format driver (.FMTD1 thru .FMTD4) can be dynamically loaded. The .UNUSED drivers are where Catalyst puts the dynamically loaded drivers. Apple.DRIVER (assuming your harddisk is a .PROFILE). The driver file on your Catalyst boot disk must contain those drivers, like .CONSOLE, .PROFILE, .SPOOL and .RAM, that cannot be loaded dynamically (assuming you are using a spooler and/or a ramdisk). Th Simply, the ability to load dynamic drivers gives you the flexibility of two driver files each capable of holding 51K. The first is on your boot disk in your .D1/SOS.DRIVER file and the second in on your harddisk in a file called .PROFILE/CATALYST/SOS. No other program, except for Access ///, that I currently use needs this driver. Instructions on how to load your extra (dynamic) drivers is in the Catalyst manual, but hopefully this fills in some blank spots. If you are hesitant to work on your original Catalyst disk, you have two alternatives. The first is to copy the Catalyst boot disk with a bit copier like Copy ][+ 6.x (requires 64K and use the parameters for Word Juggler, not Catalyst), Locksmith 5.0 or greater, or EDD. The other route is t The last address I have for Quark Inc. is: 2525 West Evans, Suite 220 Denver, CO 80219 To upgrade you will need to send back both of your original Catalyst boot disks with $35.00. Ask for upgrade to version 2.1. My recommendation is to ma APPLE THREE USERS OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA VOLUME 3 NUMBER 7 JULY 1986 CATALYST UPGRADE Last month I mentioned that you could upgrade Catalyst for $35 and recieve Quarks spooler Discourse for free. This generated several questions of "How to upgrade?".luded in the catalyst disk sos.driver file The remaining items on the catalyst editor menu can be on another driver that can be dynamically loaded. - Chuck Schreiber e catalyst disk must be changed to reflect the qc drive. Read the DIF file into visicalc and change A1 (the only block in the file) to the new disk and then save the file to the catalyst disk. 3. All interpreters and font files must be on a driver incprograms can be copied directly from profile to the qc10 using system utilities (the programs are locked to the catalyst disk). It might be wise to use back up three and then restore to QC10. Problem with advanced Visicalc: The vcswappath.dif file on thx digits as indicated in quarks hard disk drive manual on page 4-15 but if using catalyst on the profile one must also change most of the remaining blocks in accordance with the instructions in the catalyst manual on page B-2. 2. Most copy protected from the profile to the QC10 (Quark's hard disk). Here are some hints that may save the next soul hours of frustration and a phone bill to choke a horse: 1. The Catalyst Driver (2.1) must have the configuration block changed. Not only the first siAPPLE /// USERS OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA VOL. 2 NO. 11 NOVEMBER, 1985 TRANSFERING CATALYST FROM PROFILE TO QC10 HARD DRIVE The author has gone through what seem like endless hours and numerous calls to Quark to attempt to change the Catalyst programsame file simply by recopying it back onto the Catalyst boot disk. Rod Whitten o copy, using System Utilities, the SOS.DRIVER file from the Catalyst boot disk onto another disk (this file is not copyprotected in any form). Then even if you somehow damage the SOS.DRIVER file while you are changing it, you can start over with the ske a backup of your Catalyst 2.0 boot disk with a bit copier before you send your disks in to Quark. This upgrade includes the Discourse print spooler. To use Discourse one can use a floppy disk drive, but it really works better with a harddisk. DiscoowerKeys, Applewriter, the PFS series, Visicalc, Keystroke, Pascal, Business Basic and many other /// programs; however, PFS and Keystroke both require the boot disk in drive 1 to startup the program. The programs will still load much faster than off flther disk) to free up your computer. Essentially Discourse copies your file to the disk and then sends it to your printer while you are back working on your original program or another program you have switched to. Both programs work with 3 EZPieces, Pis a public domain program called, The Fixer, which "DeCatalyzes" the disks. For current owners of a lower numbered version, you can upgrade to version 2.1 for $35 and receive Discourse free. Discourse is a print spooler that uses your hard disk (or o The older versions of Catalyst would "Catalyze" the disk and render it "unbootable"; however, the disk could still be used to reload the program back on your hard disk if you had to rebuild it. The current version, 2.1, does not do this. Also, there /// software (Computer Connection in SF for one). Cost $150, but generally negotiable. Have seen it for $10 at various times in closeouts or swaps. Most users in ATUNC with hard disks have Catalyst and can answer most of your installation questions. the program disk. Will install most of the common programs as manufacturers have adapted their programs to work with Catalyst. Fully supports Discourse (Selector /// does not handle the recovery function). Available in the stores that still carry program. Select from the menus with Arrow Keys or by the number of the program. Can load more copyprotected programs w/o requiring a "key disk" in drive 1. Works with Word Juggler. Easy installation, if program has a "quark.install" program onk and easy installation process. Reasonable priced ($99 + $7 shipping) CATALYST ADVANTAGES Can "dynamically" load drivers. This means drivers that are used with only one of your programs, like a RS232 driver, can be loaded only when you use that are good, the debate is which one is best for you. SELECTOR /// ADVANTAGES Requires less driver space than Catalyst (Catalyst requires 11K) Allows more menu items. Select from the menus with Arrow Keys or by first letter of the program. Quicrage device. Catalyst has been available for about 3 years. Selector /// is much more recent. They each have their own strengths and weaknesses. After you get used to using one or the other you will wonder how you got along with out it. Both programsAPPLE THREE USERS OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA VOLUME 3 NUMBER 3 MARCH 1986 CATALYST VS SELECTOR /// Catalyst (from Quark Inc) and Selector /// (from On Three) are both programs that allow you to boot your favorite programs from a hard disk or other large stourse works with Catalyst or with Selector ///, but with Selector /// one does not have the recover feature. - ROD WHITTEN oppies and you can quit one and restart another with doing a "cold" reboot. The advantage of Selector /// using less driver space could be a disadvantage if you use a large number of different drivers. Normally the driver space left by Selector /// would be enough for most users, but I find that I use 53K of drivers, exclusive of the Catalyst drivers, and would have to give one up to use Selector ///. With Catalyst I run with a 50k driver file and dynamically load the rest. This article has been adaversions of Copy ][+ require an A/// with a Titan board in it, but the older versions (pre version 5.0 do not). When using a bit copier, it is highly recommended to have 2 drives, as you will get tired swapping disks. One hint is to copy from your 2nd drake bootable backup copies of their disks for these programs. The other method is to use the previously mentioned Apple ][ bit copy programs like Copy ][+ or Locksmith. These programs will make a bootable (altho still copy protected) disk. The current es will not make a bootable copy of the program. To get around this, there are several alternatives: One is a program from On Three, the Uncopyprotect Driver ($30). It makes it possible for owners of AppleWriter ///, Visicalc, and Advanced Visicalc to mdirt, heat, liquid and magnetic fields. The best solution is always to back up your software and use a copy, using the original only for making copies. The problem that most programs are copy- protected makes it more difficult. The A/// System Utilitithe "owner" of the program no longer sells/ supports the product). This should solve Kevin's immediate problem. However, the basic problem that all A/// Owners have is that floppy disks do wear out with use, and are extremely vulnerable to damage from stopped making it last year. I put Kevin in contact with one of our members that lived near him. Advanced Visicalc copies with several Apple ][ bit copy programs. All that we ask is you have a master disk for verification of your ownership (even though APPLE THREE USERS OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA VOLUME 5 NUMBERS 6, June 1988 MAILBOX by Rot Whitten, 579-7744 Kevin Hogan has a damaged Advanced Visicalc Boot disk and tried contacting Lotus (the current owners of Visicalc), and received the answer that they COPYPROTECTIONvŶ' '/COPY.OF.PROTECDŶ ׶ /COPY.PROTECTI.2Ŷ ׶ /COPY.PROTECTIONtŶ ׶ ,COPY2PLUS.V6Ŷ ׶ only one that I know of that has gotten Discourse to work with Selector ///. pted (although updated and expanded) from an article in the Febuary, 1986, TAUTALES and several other sources. A more extensive article, by Milt Johnson, should be in next months /// Magazine. Milt is a stronger Selector /// fan than I am. Milt is theive (drive 2 or drive B) to your first drive (drive 1 or drive A). This makes the new disks timing match yur boot drive. Some programs like Word Juggler are unlikely to make reliable copies unless you use this procedure. SOFTWARE APPLE THREE USERS OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA VOLUME 3 NUMBER 5 MAY 1986 CORRECTION Last month I said that Locksmith 6.0 would not work under 48K emulation. I have been told that it does. The address to purchase it is: Alpha Logic Businesator. Copy ][+ has a new version available, 5.2, but it requires 64k and thus won't run in emulation on the ///. e Fast Copier (20-second copies). The fastest way to format a blank disk is to fast copy an already-formatted blank disk. Version F is the latest revision of Locksmith. Protection schemes that use nibble counting are best handled by Essential Data Duplictrack synching, nibble counting, and modified sectors. Likewise, there are three main copying programs available; Locksmith, Essential Data Duplicator, and Copy ][+. Locksmith seems to be the most useful, and the most useful module on Locksmith is the more technical aspects of disk data organization, Pat went on to a discussion of copy protection schemes and how to get around them (to make archival copies only, of course). It seems that there are three main types of copy protection, and these are software. Pat had a number of photocopy handouts available on such things as the four operating systems now available for the Apple 2, comparing floppy disks, and how disk tracks and sectors are arranged for each format. After a brief introduction to th The meeting was brought to order at 7:00pm by President Chuck Schreiber. 27 people were present. The demonstration for the evening was presented by Mr. Pat Ford, who spoke on disk data organization and how that relates to backing up copy-protected APPLE /// USERS OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA VOL. 2 NO. 5 MAY 1985 MINUTES OF THE USER'S GROUP MEETING HELD APRIL 25, 1985 The meeting was held at the offices of Gensler & Associates, an architectural firm located at 550 Kearney Street in San Francisco. s used it and would send in a short review. Agranat System 10 Winthrop Circle Weston, MA 20193 $64.95 includes shipping s Systems 4119 North Union Road Woodstock 60098 815-568-6684 Another program that also works in 48k emulation is Echo Plus. It should work well with the A/// programs as it does an analysis of the disk. I would like to hear from anyone that ha VOLUME 3 NUMBER 2 FEBRUARY 1986 COPY ][+ VERSION 6.0 Copy ][+ Version 6.0 has been released and is written in ProDos. The good news is that this means the disk utilities are more useful to an A/// owner. The bad news is that it requires 64K emulat0 WAP /// SIG MENU.MAKER PROGRAM (v. 6.2) =".D1"210: Coldstart (320: Warmstart &*X=11000: TEXT SLOW-DOWN LOOP ,X.1 CHANGE DISK SUBROUTINE23œ202:2200<RFa$=" YOU MAY SELECT YOUR DISK BY EAD PASCAL TEXT FILES."04=10:"78C";"ANY KEY RETURNS TO THE MENU."!>G$:::".D1/MENU.MAKER",320R",220(204::"79A";""; 2D=1:F=1 <#4;a$ FD=D+1 P#5;a$ZD=60#5;12)dD=60D=1nF=F+1::d$;::Y=1100:Y x13402  CATCH PASCAL TEXT FILES 202 :F*=08:"78C";"SORRY BUT MENU.MAKER CAN'T R".D1/MENU.MAKER",220 d$="" A$="PRINTING "+B$(I),16,B)=01:=0::"80C";A$;:#3,B$(I),16,B)Z=1#3;b$:"78A";b$Z=Z+1:Z=18:1290 1260 #4,B$(I),16,B)#5,".PRINTER"+ž#4#5;12):::".D1/MENU.MAKE30C$="N"C$="n"1160;:=23:=0::"79C";"PRESS ANY KEY TO HALT LISTING": $1020.202 8::Z=1B::=23:=0::"79C";"WOULD YOU LIKE A PRINTED COPY?":1C$:C$<>"Y"C$<>"y"C$<>"N"C$<>"n"1170*C$="N"C$="n"79C";"PRESS ANY KEY TO HALT LISTING"::202 1020#2,B$(I),16,B)ž#242:::1160Z=1#2;A$:"78A";A$Z=Z+1:Z>1842:::Z=1980*:=23:=0::"79C";"CONTINUE...?":1C$:C$<>"Y"C$<>"y"C$<>"N"C$<>"n"10 MENU.MAKER TEXT MODULESEG=0"MENU.MAKER"890&*X=11000: TEXT SLOW-DOWN LOOP ,X.1,180,22:2,280,21:2,2380,23:z:A$="LISTING "+B$(I),16,B)$=01:=0::"80C";A$;::12)>=23:=0::"/ disks that I have tried, and is available at The Computer Store on Washington St (across from the Pyramid) in SF for only $25. - Rod Whitten the ASCII textfile. The main thing is to edit out the carriage returns that appear in the middle of a Basic ry it), show you the used areas on the disk and undelete files that you have accidently deleted, but not yet written over. To undelete files on your hard disk your best bet is still The Retriever from DA DataSystems. Version 6.0 will backup all the A//ion (the Titan ///+][ card at a minimum) and it will not recognize your harddisk as a disk drive. The program will catalog your SOS disks (even alphabetize the catalog, although this feature has been know to cause errors, so back up your disk before you tVOLUME NAME (/DISKNAME) OR DEVICE NAME (.Dx)"P12);::"80C";a$;:Zb$="CHANGING DISKS"$d=23:=0::"80C";b$;::12).n=12:=20:"MAKE A NEW MENU FOR DISK: ";N$xN$)<2110=N$ :210 I=1L(A$(I),A$))200B$DESKTOP.PUBLISHvŶ ' '+DESKTOP.PUBŶ ׶/DESKTOP.PUBLISHŶ ׶/INSERT.CARR.RTN dŶ ׶-NEWSLTRS.MAKE Ŷ ׶ttle simple figuring before you print, a pair of scissors and a glue stick and you're set. When I was editing this Newsletter I knew where the masthead stopped and how many lines of text went below. In 3 EZ Pieces I would just put a new page (NP) maed?" If all you need is a good looking product that can be accomplished using a typewriter typeface, you need go no further than your Apple /// and 3 EZ Pieces. Need two or more columns? no problem. Need to flow text around graphics? no problem. A liAPPLE THREE USERS OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA VOLUME 5 NUMBERS 3, March 1988 DESKTOP PUBLISHING ON THE APPLE /// by Bill Stone, 643-7008 If you are interested in desktop publishing, the first question you need to ask yourself is: "What exactly do you netype face and set-up only. This week I received the "blue line" copy, two weeks after the final corrections were made, and hope to have the finished books within the month. turnover card" and his IBM. The printer was able to show me proofs of the material in less than two weeks. The proof-reading process took only 2 days since the text was already proofed and directly transferred on the disk. The corrections were in the d then encode my own simple typsetting instruction code (i.e., [3] meant start italics, [4] meant stop italics) in the text which were "searched and replaced" by the typsetter. A friend transferred the Apple /// ASCII file to IBM format using the "Applerofessionally typeset. I found a printing publishing company in town that was able to take the text directly off the disk (IBM format) onto their typsetting equipment. I must remove all Word Juggler imbedded text commands, leaving just the ASCII file an Disorders". The book was written using Word Juggler (an excellent program). For the past 2 years, I've printed out the text on my Toshiba and took it to a copy service to have it reproduced and put together. I recently revised it and wanted to have it pAPPLE THREE USERS OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA VOLUME 5 NUMBERS 5, May 1988 Desktop Publishing - by Wendy S Coleman (608-238-9258) You might be interested in my experience self-publishing an 80 page book, "Attention Deficit Disorders, Hyperctivity & Associatedrker at the end of the line and count for the next column. Setting column width is no problem: just set the appropriate margins. If you want to have text flow around a graphic, just mark where you want it and limit the length of the line for those spaces. Need a different font ? also no problem. Just put a pause here (PH) marker at the beginning and end of that section and when you print, the printer will pause and you change the print head. If you want to get fancy and have a dot matrix printer Applewreturns in a document: USING /// EZ PIECES: Create a custom printer, using "5 Other Activities" "7 Specify information about your printer(s)" "2 Add a printer" "1 Apple Dot Matrix" "2 Print onto disk or another Apple" type roject with footnotes (which /// EZ Pieces does not support) onto a disk file, upon which I then used /// EZ Pieces to print on my DMP (because /// EZ Pieces supports superscripts on the DMP that Applewriter does not). To automatically insert carriage ting a carriage return at the end of every line of a text file. Well, there is a way (two ways, actually) to do so. One way uses /// EZ Pieces, the other uses Applewriter ///. I came across the methods when I used Applewriter to format my master's pfollowing which has a method similiar to Mikes for 3 EZ Pieces, but also has a method using Applewriter ///. In your "Desktop Publishing" article in the June 1987 ATUNC newsletter, step #3, you expressed a wish to have an automatic method of prin Step 4 - print the file to your new device (ie. Diskprint) using OA-P, option x (2 in my case), and give full pathname, etc. This will automatically place carriage returns at the end of each line. From Robert Howe in Sacramento, I received the printer (7) add a printer (2) customer printer name it (ie. Diskprint) for output device - print onto disk or another apple accept default settings Step 1 - same as yours Step 2 - same as yours Step 3 - not necessarye 1987 newsletter on desktop publishing I did some experimenting. Concerning your addition of carriage returns individually your mistake was made much earlier. Try this... Step 0 - go to other activities menu (5) specify information about but two replies. It is nice to know that someone is reading the newsletter and also I like to be able to read something that someone else has read. The first reply was from Mike Schroder, his method is as follows: Upon reading your article in the Jun APPLE /// USERS OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA VOL 4 NUMBER 7 JULY, 1987 SOFTWARE AUTOMATIC CARRIAGE RETURNS In the June Newsletter, I asked if anyone had an automatic method of placing carrriage returns at the end of a line of a text file. I got not one, Draw on Three, Graphics Manager and again Newsroom. If you have further ideas, comments or better ways of doing "Desktop Publishing" on Apple ///, please send them in. Thank you. (B.S) hree has an article using a basic program. If you need typeset quality text, I believe there is a way of using an HP laserjet. If anyone knows for sure how to use any of the laserprinters, please write it down and let us know. For graphics we haveriter /// is a better choice. If you don't want to do multi-columns in this way, you can use Rod Whitten's method using the spreadsheet (ATUNC Newsletter, June 1987 pgs 2-5), Draw on three, Newsroom (an Apple II program), or the latest issue of On Ta name for the driver then change the "needs a line feed at the end of a line" to Yes and the "platen width" to 3 inches. Then write your newsletter as directed in your first step. Do reformat the left and right margins to 0, but you do not have to change the platen width to 3 inches. Print your newsletter using your new disk printer. Then pull it back using /// EZ Pieces "1 Add files to the desktop" / "3 Make a new word processor file" / "2 From a text (ASCII)". Be VOLUME 3 NUMBER 8 AUGUST 1986 Q1 Dear Mr. Stone: We have been receiving your newsletter. We would like some information on a software program that would print newsletteers for us. We are looking for a program which will print newsletters with an Ap probably increase you understanding of the process it you have to write it down. - Rod Whitten own. - Rod Whitten ou have struggled thru something, take the time to write it down and send it in to the ATUNC mailbox. If you write it down, you will benefit two ways. First, you will help us learn something the easy way, you found out the hard way and second, you wille a method of doing the above, please send it in, as it may be better than mine. As I have stated probably too many times, each of you have abilities on the A///, that you take for granted. However, the rest of us may not know how to do it yet. When yer manual, part two.) Thanks to both Robert and Mike for sending in their solution to this problem. This information will probably prove useful in September when I write an article on how to print multiple column labels from a 3EZPs database. If you havile pathname as the print destination. Then print the document. When you use /// EZ Pieces to pull up the file you will have a formatted document with carriage returns. Pretty neat, isn't it? ( For more instructions, see page 150 in the Applewritat is at Applewriter's command. In this respect, using Applewriter is better than using /// EZ Pieces. In addition, the file that Applewriter produces will be an ASCII file. No junk for you to clean up! When setting up the print commands, type the flly, this means a left margin of 0, a right margin of 30 ( so you have 3 inches of 10 cpi print; use 36 for 12 equal to the page interval. Please note that you can center lines, put in footnotes, left or right justify, or any other formatting command thpplewriter to print to disk, a file must already exist on the disk. Therefore, one file is to save your work and one file reserves space on the disk to be written over when you print to disk.) Then set up the print commands to suit your needs. Genera gives better results than using /// EZ Pieces alone.) Write your document in Applewriter. Then save the document using control-S twice. The second time you save it, save it to a different name. (The reason for saving it twice is that in order for Aocument, but those can be searched for and selectively replaced using the "One At a Time" replace option. Then save your document to disk again...only this time it has the carriage return at the end of each line. USING APPLEWRITER ///: (This methodnk. There will be some stuff to remove at the beginning of your document and probably at the start of a new page. I believe all of it will have a # character in it, making the junk easy to find. Also an occasional # will have found its way into your dcause the file you printed to desk was not a true ASCII file, there will be some garbage in what you pull up. However, it is easily gotten rid of by using the Replace function: if you replace ##N#F0080 with nothing you will have removed most of the juple ///. Perhaps you might tell us the program you use. We have heard of "News Room", however, we don't know if it will run on an Apple ///. I would like to know if it would run in Emulation on an Apple ///. Thank you very much. Sincerely yours. Josepy protection scheme that did not like the emulation mode (Broderbund was the main offender here). The business programs like spreadsheets and word processors were available, but various utility programs (like a bit copier), a good database (Quickfile dide had the "large" 128K memory, plus the ability to run the large inventory of Apple ][ programs. At the time the Apple /// would run most of the A][ programs, except for those that required a joystick, more than 48K memory, an 80 column display or had a co APPLE THREE USERS OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA VOL 3 NUMBER 9 SEPTEMBER 1986 APPLE ][ GAMES (AND OTHER PROGRAMS) One of the advantages of the Apple ///, especially when I purchased my first one in March, 1982, was its ability to emulate an Apple ][+. On LŶ "/RESET.A2.EM.PT2ƶ'"/RESET.A2.EMULAT & ƶ'#-TIME.MONEY.A2  ƶ($EMULATION.OF.A2vŶ ' '.A2.GAMES.ON.A3 Ŷ +APPLE2.EMUL Ŷ 7 -BASIC.BUGS.EM Ŷ .COMPATBILTY.A2#Ŷ  *EMUL.COLORŶ !/EMULAT.PROGRAMG a line. ted the other night, you might be able to use it since it does have the capacity to use both graphics and text, but I'm not sure how easy it would be plus again you need to use a dot matrix printer. If anyone has other ideas for Mr. Kamler please drop meieces because it is very simple to move blocks of information around and it is easy to bring files from other word processors on other disks (ie someone sends me a contribution written with Word Juggler or Applewriter). Having seen Draw On Three demonstra or emulation, you would need to get the Titan ///+// (64K) board. Even then those who have worked with it say it is not easy to work with and will only work with dot matrix printers. I currently use 3 EZ Pieces and do manual cut and paste. I use 3 EZ Pph R. Kamler, Asst. V.P. Shickley State Bank, Shickley Nebraska. A1. Well Joseph, there is no real program that will print out newsletters for the Apple /// in native mode. Newsroom will print out columns with graphics but it will not work in native mode not qualify in my opinion) and games were not available in native mode. Apple ][ programs filled many of these gaps very well; however, there were limitations. The first limitation was that the two joystick ports in the back of the A/// (Port A & port B) are not wired the same as the A][ joystick or paddles. To use an A][ joystick (which has 16 pins in two rows of eight) with these ports one can build a connector which wires the appropriate pins in the A & B ports together. This works fairly well for ma menu for bit copy. It uses ProDos, instead of Dos3.3, which uses a disk format identical to SOS. For those without 64K emulation, Locksmith 5.x or EDD are good bit copiers. Now on to the title subject. Games. Adventure Games. My favorite adventure gware I have backed up, but they do require 64K. These programs have a number of utilities that are useful. Version 6.x has undelete, directory sort, nibble editor, disk scan as well as the fast copy and bit copy features. You select the program name from y of 80 column, native mode databases on the A/// so it sits in the box now. My personal favorite A][ utility program is Copy ][+. Versions 4.1 to 4.4 need 48K, but do not copy Quark products very well. Versions 5.x and 6.x do a good job on all A/// soft/ and most of the common dot matrix printers. It also will work with the UPIC (you must turn the line feed switch on the UPIC off). This program is well written, easy, and fun to use. I did use DB Master (48K) for a database, but there are now plentlumn text in color composite mode. Now down to A][ programs that work in emulation mode. Probably the program my family uses the most is Print Shop and the Print Shop Data Disks. This program only requires 48K and in its setup has a menu item for the A//of the ///+//e card. One reason for the 40 column only display is that only the composite mode works in emulation. Even if you have an RGB monitor, it will not display color in A][ mode unless it can also handle Composite and it is very hard to read 80 colel printer, then it would work fine. The emulation modes are only 40 column, except when using the ///+//e card; however, most of the type of programs on the //e that require 80 columns are available in the native mode using 256K not the 128K limitation emulation disk puts the printer in "slot 5" (PR#5 is the appropriate A][ command), and if the program does not let you reassign the printer slot, you could not send output to your serial printer. If you did have a UPIC card in slot 1 connected to a paralpublic domain modifications to the emulation disk, which increase the available memory up to 55 to 60K, but this works only sporadically with programs that want 64K. Another limitation was that the standard for A][ programs was the printer in slot 1. The48K emulation limitation was not very important in 1982 as most A][+s were configured this way; however, 64K has become more important since then. The only way to get the additional 16K is to add one of the Titan cards mentioned above. There are several r 11 bankruptcy (it appears that Sun Data will continue to provide support). In current configuration I am using the Titan ///+][ card as it gives me access to the majority of A][ programs that I am interested in and gives me the bonus of a ramdisk. The e. The Titan ///+][ or ///+//e cards both have joystick plugs and have the further advantage of increasing the emulation ram up to 64K or 128K respectively. The main disadvantage is the use of a slot (2 slots for the ///+//e) and Titan has entered Chaptei Gameport ///. This was a interface card that went in any empty slot. Its advantage was that it enhanced the A][ emulation (such that Broderbund games worked), but it disadvantage was that it did use one of the four A/// slots and it is not made any morost A][ programs. One can use either paddles or a joystick with this arrangement. Wiring instruction are available on Ed Goodings ///'s Company BBS (see last months newsletter for number). A second method of making a joystick work was to use the MicroScames are the original Adventure game and the Zork series. I started playing Adventure on a Wang minicomputer mapping it on a sheet of drafting paper. I did not finish the game until after I got my A///. Zork (and all Infocom games) are extremely well written with a good parser (vocabulary). These are strictly text, but will keep you thinking for a long time. Keyboard only. Dungeon and Dragons type Games. The unbeatable (although I have finished it) classic in this category is Wizardry I-The Proving Gr VOLUME 5 NUMBERS 12, December 1988 Apple II Emulation Mode by EDWARD SUTTLES (415) 647 - 2759 (Editor's Note: During our Nov. 30th Meeting, Rot Whitten lectured and demonstrated the use of the Apple // Emulation disk. The following is the written nott you could write an article for a later newsletter. So at the end of a day processing words or spreading numbers all over a sheet, boot up a game and create your own reality. Rod Whitten which is a game I have never seen. There is also various public domain games like Star Trek that have been translated over to the A/// format. If you have any Apple ][ programs that have served you particularly well, please let me know. Or better yetion disk unless otherwise noted. There are several A/// games available. The Fruit Machine (a slot machine game with beautiful RGB graphics) The Card Game (a 21 or blackjack game) and a Pac-Man type game all by Mel Astrahan and finally Captain Magneto, th a good memory. Also the various typing tutors, like Typing Tutor II and Mastertype are well done. Mastertype is done in the style of an arcade game, but still teaches touch typing very well. All the above games should play with the standard 48K emulaword, not solving the puzzle. "Adult" Games. In this category I would include Scrabble (48K), very good player and Professional Blackjack. Professional Blackjack will teach you how to play the cards correctly or count if you are mathmatically inclined wiide some (but not many) of the clues in the graphics. Wizard and the Princess and Escape from Transylvania are two that I have played, but I do not consider their parser to be up to the standards of Infocom. You spend too much time looking for the right e will always be better than you. A cross between the graphics of the arcade games and the strict text games are the adventure games with a almost full screen graphic. These play a little slower with more disk access than the straight text game, but provack (both), Conan (both) and Lode Runner (both). These programs have fascinating graphics and are enhanced by a color monitor. I find that the vast majority of these games have a limited use after which you become better than them or conclude that the gamugh a good color monitor does work. Keyboard only for all these games. Arcade Games. Most will play with either a joystick or keyboard, although a joystick is usually an advantage. My favorites are Sky Fox (joystick), Legionairre (keyboard), Hard Hat Me line perspective on ones view down a corridor. Ultima II, III (48K) and IV (64K) are also well done. The Ultima series (and Questron) have your characters moving across a map which you view from above. All the above games work fine in monochome, althoat recover or enhance your characters, but these spoil the game. Standing Stones and Bards Tale (64K) from Electronic Arts are both very well done. These are "maze" type games and require mapping on graph paper. The graphics mainly consist of a 3-D singlounds (48K). It will provide hours of entertainment, fustration and disk drive use. Wizardry II and III (48K) are good (and require characters from the first scenario), but do not have the impact of Wiz I. There are various "cheat programs" available the of Rod's presentation). Increasingly, new owners of Apple ///s, whether acquired by sale or gift, are destituted of software and/or documentation that will give them some inkling concerning operation of what to them is a complex computer. Confused for upgrading. If you are operating a business, require extensive record keeping applications using more memory, then upgrading is recommended because you will want to operate all three parts for WP (word processing), SS (spread sheet) and DB (data baseidual needs how much they wish to expand the capabilities. Such enhancement requires an exchange of chips or possibly needs another motherboard to house it. If for example you only wish to use your A/// for Word Processing, the basic 128K memory has no neof integrated software that has almost fully used the 256K memory is 3-E-Z-Pieces. Others might use only a quarter of that or more. When members at meetings talk about upgrading, they are generally referring to increasing the memory and it depends on indivers should have an idea of the capacity of their computers. On the serial plate (located on the bottom of the computer) it is generally indicated whether it is 128K, 256K or 512K memory. Programs vary as to their requirements of memory, but a good example boot an A//c, A//e or other variations of the A// series WILL NOT BOOT the Emulation Mode on the Apple ///. The 'shaking hands' did not materialize because the circuitry doesn't recognize the impulses from the more sophisticated booters. New Own that could utilize the full CRT's 80 columns, such a card became available with the further upgrade in the mode to 128K. The original capacity of 48K has thus been superceded by A//-software, demanding greater storage capacity, and Booter disks that will the original 48K Apple //, since Apple Co. did not want to jeopardize the marketability of its A// series. When production of the A/// was discontinued in 1984, plus severance of ties with developers who had been proposing enhanced ///+// emulation modes in its own right and the developers (like Titan in Ann Arbor, Michigan) sought to upgrade the E-Mode with an enhancement which we know as the Titan ///+// Card. This gave users a new lease on the use of 64K software but limited displays to 40 column as ins voluminous. Gradually, unless users were blind to progress being made in providing programs, the Emulation Mode was not important unless being used for game playing or in operation of 48K limited software. Apple // software had become more sophisticatedsiness Basic and provided adequate drivers for them. This was not an easy thing to do, and to fill the time gap, it was deemed necessary that new A/// owners should be able to operate with the extant 48k software then being used on the Apple //'s which waorated into the Apple ///'s circuitry. When the A/// first came out, very little software was available because developers were still coming to grips with the SOS (Sophisticated Operating System) in their attempts to tailor programs that used Pascal and Bued in the Emulation Mode and the running of Applesoft programs are always at a loss to understand why they cannot operate software designed for the Apple // series of computers. History enters into an explanation of the reason the Emulation Mode was incorpion as to the capabilities of the A/// and its operational modes is understandable since there is nothing available for new owners that clarifies potentials along with the concomitant limitations. For instance, recent callers particularly interest) in the maintenance of your records. A half-Meg Memory will enable you to run simultaneously several sophisticated applications, and a hard disk will multiply such capacity for conventional A///-ware. Periodically we have an infusion of 'Nuers' who as stated above lack the software and/or documentation necessary to start using their 'new' A///'s. Our PD (public domain) Library offers programs, which were formerly expensively priced, at minimal cost to members of $3 per disk. Non-members pay doublbugged the program of the usual keyboarding errors) you will be surprised at your genius in accomplishment. While this is a simple algorithm to liven your screen, it does give an idea of the flexibility of graphics to iconize and animate it with an econom140 DATA 59,63,225,51,77,41,45 ,77 ,9,174,31,216,219 1150 DATA 255,219,246,246,6,0 Reviewing your BASIC commands in the last issue, utilize those applicable to the SAVING, LOCKING, LISTING and RUNNING of the above program. After you have proved it (de118,45,32,12,12 ,252,147,146,58 1100 DATA 23,45,109,33,100,180 ,146 ,27,63,63,63,231 1110 DATA 28,183,173,77,45,109,73 ,17,255,59,63,63 1120 DATA 63,78,45,109,41,62,63 ,63 ,63,191,13,45 1130 DATA 109,9,254,27,63,255,187 ,77,41,45,77,49,223 11,45,77,30,63,63,63,255 1050 DATA 59,78,109,41,45,21,63,63 ,63,63,110,9,45,109 1060 DATA 21,223,63,255,27,110,9 ,45 ,109,9,254 1070 DATA 27,63,255,27,23,77,9,45 ,109,9,254,219 1080 DATA 255,219,187,77,73,73 ,73 ,113,118,6,0 1090 DATA 118,14,16336): NEXT I 170 FOR D = 1 TO INT (RND(1) * 500) + 500: NEXT D: GOTO 30 1000 DATA 2,0,6,0,90,0 1010 DATA 118,14,118,45, 32,12 ,12 ,252,147,146 1020 DATA 58,23,45,109,41 ,40,22,255 ,63,63,63 1030 DATA 231,36,28,188,146,82,73 1040 DATA 4= 1 + (I/2 = INT(I/2)) 110 IF B = 1 OR B = 3 THEN X = I: Y = V: GOTO 130 120 X = V: Y = 1 130 HCOLOR = 3: DRAW P AT X,Y 140 FOR D = 1 TO 30 + 200 * (RND(1) > 0.85): NEXT D 150 HCOLOR = 0: DRAW P AT X,Y 160 SN = PEEK (-16336): SN = PEEK (-* (B = 0) + 228 * (B = 3) 50 EN = 279* (B = 1) + 191 * (B = 2) 60 LB = 4 + 8 * (B = 2 OR B = 3) 70 UB = 267 - 88 * (B = 1) + 8 * (B = 2) - 80 * (B = 3) 80 V = INT (RND(1) * (UB - LB)) + LB 90 FOR I = ST TO EN STEP 5 * SGN (EN - ST) 100 P And, astonishingly, you can name it "BUGS". 1 REM *** THIS IS A PROGRAM CALLED "BUGS" *** 10 FOR I = 0 TO 168: READ A: POKE 768 + I,A: NEXT I 20 POKE 232,0: POKE 233,3: HGR2: SCALE = 1 30 B = INT(RND(1) * 4): ROT = 16 * B 40 ST = 24 + 143 VOLUME 5 NUMBERS 4, APRIL 1988 "BUGS" by Edward Suttles (647-2759) In the last issue I promised to help you put 'bugs' INTO your computer. The following program is meant to do just that. Don't forget that this is to be programmed in EMULATION MODE. y meetings at the Library and makes available to those interested in the complete inventory of software and manuals maintained at Pier 26." I shall provide something on this subject for the January issue as well. In the meantime, enjoy the holidays. e that, but even so they are fortunate to avail themselves of such A/// software that is non-existent in computer stores. Our PD Librarian also offers DSDD raw disks and disk mailers at cost for the convenience of the users. Wayne Schotten announces monthly of line numbers. APPLE THREE USERS OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA VOLUME 3 NUMBER 6 JUNE 1986 APPLE COMPATIBILITY There have been several questions lately regarding the compatibity of the Apple /// with an Apple Two. An Apple /// as it came from Apple Computer with the "itten the RGB plug which gives you hi-res in the native mode thru RGB(TTL). Second, unplug your RGB plug from the /// (not the monitor) whenever you want to get color in emulation. Third, push the switch marked "VIDEO" on the front of the monitor. - Rod Wh VOLUME 3 NUMBER 2 FEBRUARY 1986 APPLE /// HINTS HINT 1 If you bought the Panasonic Monitor and are not getting color in emulation, you can. You need to do three things. First, plug the RCA jack into the /// and into the Monitor. This is addition to/e to access greater that 128K. Apple //e, one needs a Titan ///+//e card ($399 from Sun Data). This is a full 80 column A//e emulation. There are some drawbacks (see past newsletters), but it does function as advertised. One cannot use the various memory expansions that allow the A/9. This is also only 40 column display. The RS232 port is the same as with the 48K emulation. This emulation with support ProDos programs. The Titan card will function as a 128K ramdisk in native A/// mode with an extra cost driver. To emulate a 128Kon disk effectively makes ones A/// fully A][+ compatible. One has Applesoft Basic in ROM and Integer Basic, if needed, is loaded into the "upper 16K". The card has a connector for connecting an A][ joystick. This card is available from Sun Data for $12hard to find. This only supports a 40 column screen display and only composite color. The RS232 port is either slot 5 or 7 and can be used for a printer or modem. To emulate a 64K Apple ][+, one needs a Titan ///+][ card. This card and its new emulatioystick or paddles, unless one built a cable that connected Port A and Port B together. MicroSci built the Gameport /// (a card went in any open expansion slot), which allowed one to use an A][ joystick or paddle on the A///, but these are currently very Apple ][ Emulation Disk" is essentially equivalent with a 48K Apple ][+ with Applesoft in ROM. By modifying the Emulation Disk it can also emulate an Apple ][ with Integer Basic in ROM. One problem is the A/// joystick ports do not support either a A][ j APPLE THREE USERS OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA VOLUME 5 NUMBERS 3, March 1988 PROGRAMMING Emulation Mode. by Ed.Suttle Those new to the membership that have attended Wayne Schotten's interesting talks on programming in Business Basic are probably intriguedLINES TO THE BEGINNING OF APPLESOFT PROGRAMS ***: REM *** THEY WILL TITLE THE PROGRAMS *** 10 VE = 12: HOME 20 INPUT "ENTER YOUR MESSAGE";M$ 30 HOME: FOR X = 1 TO LEN (M$) 40 FOR CH = 32 TO ASC (MID$ (M$,X,1)) 50 VTAB VE: llowing program, entitled "APPLE PIZZAZZ" is an old heading centering routine that may be (by the usage of appropriate Line Numbers) placed before any program you wish to use it with: 1 REM *** APPLE PIZZAZZ ***: REM *** SIMPLY ADD THE FOLLOWING rtant command you will use in operating programs because that is the moment of truth when you discover all the syntax errors you made keyboarding (when the computer did not reject your entries). The 'bugs', as they are called, can be intimidating. The fo LIST will show the program in its Line-Numbered entirety and permits an analysis of the meanings of various commands. FLOW CHARTS generally reflect the trending of programs but do not show details such as a LIST will. RUN is probably the most impoSAVE routines. NOTE: LOCKED programs will show an asterisk preceding the program type. LOAD (PROGRAM NAME), D1 (D2) Loads desired program to RAM. CATALOG, D1 (D2) will show the programs already recorded to disk in the designated drive. D1 (D2) Locks blocks containing recorded material so that nothing may be written over them in subsequent SAVE routines. UNLOCK (PROGRAM NAME), D1 (D2) Unlocks blocks containing recorded material so that corrections etc. may be entered in subsequent ing in DOS 3.3 format. BASIC Applesoft commands to get those interested started and which do not require Line Numbers are the following DIRECT COMMANDS. SAVE (PROGRAM NAME), D1 (D2) Saves whatever is in RAM to disk. LOCK (PROGRAM NAME), DISKETTE." 400 PRINT 500 PRINT "INITIALIZED, (date)" 600 PRINT 700 PRINT "IN EMULATION MODE (USING DOS 3.3) ON AN A///" 800 END This becomes your program disk in the Emulation Mode and is prepared to accept all record 6, Drive 1 and named or titled the Volume 128. If you would rather further identify your disk, type the following "HELLO PROGRAM", tailoring it of course to your own specifications. 100 TEXT 200 CALL -936 300 PRINT "THIS IS MY FIRST ng, you will require several INITIALIZED disks, and a specific routine provides for this, once you have placed the disk to be programmed in the proper DRIVE. ENTER: INIT HELLO,S6,D1,V128 The above shows that you have ordered initialization in Slotngertips to make your computer work for you. Supportive documentation may be found in the "Apple II User's Guide" (Poole, McNiff and Cook - published by McGraw Hill). Enter the EMULATION MODE by using your Apple II 48K booter disk. For further programmi and as equally confused by routines and terminology. For the benefit of those who did not know they also acquired an Apple // along with the ///, the following short programs might prove entertaining as well as instructive concerning the power at your fiHTAB X + (40 - LEN (M$))/2 60 PRINT CHR$(CH): NEXT CH,X DON'T FORGET TO SAVE THIS AFTER KEYBOARDING IT!!! Use the routines outlined above and after SAVE-ing (Pathname or Program Name is APPLE PIZZAZZ) it RUN the program just to make sure you haven't made some errors (the usual "haste makes waste" applies). You should be delighted with your efforts if you did everything right. Next month I'll try to help you put bugs INTO your computer, and will also discuss the manipulations of graphics throted easily or you can create or change names of accounts, expense categories, etc. at any time. I have found this program to be very helpful because it gives me the ability to keep detailed records of all our financial transactions for the year. I can't le/Balance Acc't, (O) Overview/Summary, (C) Create/Change Names, (B) Backup, Utilities or Exit, (X) Print Checks. As the manufacturer claims, the program is easy to use and because it is RAM resident, very fast. Entries can be recalled and viewed or ediequires that you abbreviate within the 40 column limitation. When printing a report using "Overview" the report is printed in a full 80 column format. The main menu gives the following options: (T) Transaction Entry, (V) View Transactions, (R) Reconci 240 Time Is Money allows you to configure your Master Disk to take advantage of a second disk drive, a RAM card, an Apple 80 column card or a dot matrix printer. It will not support a silentype printer, as far as I can tell. Not having a RAM card r Income Sources 240 Income Types 240 Number of: Groups or Budgets (48K) 9 (64K) 240 Number of Separate Definitions of Net Worth (48K) 9 (64K) lly higher sales taxes paid using this report than the sales tax tables would allow (don't worry Uncle Sam, I keep my receipts too!). Here are a few statistics about Time Is Money: Number of: Accounts 240 Expense Categories 240 Money is helpful, given its obvious limitation - 48K (64K with a RAM Card). It has saved me money at tax time because I can run a report on all our checkbook transactions and compare actual sales taxes paid to the sales tax tables. I have shown substantia 2172, (617) 923-4441. The program is billed as a "fast and easy to use accounting system for personal and small business use". At the time I purchased the program I wanted a home accounting system that ran in Apple /// mode but couldn't find one. Time Is APPLE THREE USERS OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA VOLUME 3 NUMBER 10 OCTOBER 1986 TIME IS MONEY (Apple II) For the past two years I've been using a program in Apple II Emulation called "Time Is Money" by Turning Point Software, 11A Main St. Watertown, MA 0RESETing!! Dale Warnke 75066,3675. lk as I didn't have DISKEDIT /// at the time. I've since tried this procedure and it works! When you want to interrupt a ][ program gone astray, press RESET, then press 6, Ctl-P, RETURN to reboot from the monitor; or PR#6 to reboot from BASIC. Happy ugh programming that you might accomplish with thought and patience.(E.S) say that I have stuck to any budget, but at least now I know WHY my wife and I don't have as much money in our check books as we think we should. When we ask ourselves the old question, "Where did all of our money go?", we can boot up Time Is Money and find out. - Ralph Dennard xample)?";out$:#2,out$:560:470&:".d1/menu.maker"60::"Press to move printer up a line -or-"-:"Press to continue printing ":D7):zzz$ I:700,Nzzz$)=27#2;:ۻzzz$)=13::ۺ580X580?=27:#2;:xP#2;"Word List":#2;:z7=1z-2:ptr=z7:z8=z7+1z-1:w$(z8)"Y"a$,1)<>"y"550E""To what device (.PRINTER for e:"Please wait a moment for me to create puzzle . . ."'x=120:y=120:a%(x,y)<>45460b%=1)*26)+65'1)<.5a%(x,y)=b%:a%(x,y)=b%+32 y:x490:#2;:#2;"Word Puzzle" 560:5109#2;:x=120:y=120:#2;a%(x,y));" ";:y:^c5hb=0:x=13:y=13:b%(x,y)=0:y:x:=44:=1:150&rx=120:y=120:a%(x,y)<>0390|a%(x,y)=45 y:x 28)560H"Ready to Print. Turn on Printer and hit ...";a$:cpf=2:490e#2;:#2;"Word Puzzle Answer Key":#2;:560)>b%(r,d)r=x:d=y1"y:x:x=r-2:y=d-2:x=-1y=-1b%(1,1)=1310,3306x=1)*3)-1:y=1)*3)-1#@(x=0y=0)b%(x+2,y+2)=0310@Jx1=l:y1=u:c=1a$):x1=x1+x:y1=y1+y:a%(x1,y1)=a$,c,1))Owowzy=0350 T=y1+2:=x1+3:a%(x1,y1));):x1=x1+x:y1=y1+y:x1>20x1<1y1>20y1<1b%(x+2,y+2)=0:270a%(x1,y1)=02500a%(x1,y1)<>a$,c,1))b%(x+2,y+2)=0:270b%(x+2,y+2)=b%(x+2,y+2)+1c#b%(x+2,y+2)=b%(x+2,y+2)+1:b=b+1y:x:b=02005r=2:d=2:x=13:y=13:b%(x,y1X=1:=1:q=120:" ":q:=1:=1:"Word # ";z);" ('stop' to stop entering words.)""? ";a$:a$=""160 tmp$=a$a$="stop"a$="STOP"370 w$(z)=a$Bu=1)*20)+1:l=1)*20)+1:x=-11:y=-11:x=yy=0270Wx1=l:y1=u:c=1a$inished puzzle to (.PRINTER for example)?";out$_d:"Are you making this puzzle for a friend or yourself (1=friend 0=self )?";wowzy$2iwowzy$<>"0"wowzy$<>"1"70:wowzy=wowzy$)n x#2,out$ :z=0w$(200),b%(3,3),a%(20,20) z=z+ a) Answer Key":" b) Puzzle ":" c) Word List"6^::"Printer or other output device required ";:@_:"While printing Press to delay printing -or-"1`" to quit ":Ja"What device to send fd to Draco-Net by Elliot Fabric"+<:"Press to begin . . . ":a$F:eP"This program creates word search puzzles for your enjoyment.":" 1) Enter words into computer."'U" 2) Type 'stop' to stop entering"`Z" 3) Computer will print:":" :"Word Search Creator ***""***********************" (:"Author: David W. Durkee"X-"From CREATIVE COMPUTING MAGAZINE originally written for the IBM PC (yeech!)":::82"Revised and translated to Apple /// by Dan Kunesh",7"Donate"Press to continue . . .":zzz2$:700