LnSOS BOOT 1.1 SOS.KERNEL SOS KRNLI/O ERRORFILE 'SOS.KERNEL' NOT FOUND%INVALID KERNEL FILE: xةw,@  ȱlmi8#)!)GETTING.STARTEDvK' 'BEST.A2.SITES /K!U&,NEWBIE.BOOKS!%~GK!8/A3.INTERNET.FAQF$K%J,GROOVY.TERMSmK&#K4.NET.FOR.NAUGHTr K'#K7FINDER.DATAxO'O'SURFING.INETyT8T5FINDER.DATAzT3pU III.INT.022uU%' GETTING.STARTEDKT1-READ.ME.FIRSTKU)FINDER.ROOTY UpU,INET.HISTORY +SU$U%%SEG.T ijK'Ÿ/ DISKNAME.DAT >dLԡm#i㰼m#iЕOLԡȱfg hi !dLԡ憦  Ljmkm l y`2 Lԡ8(Je稽)ʈ@LT1pT1FINDER.DATAK*pMpple II Internet sitess intriguing concept of a decentralized, blastproof, packet-switching network was kicked around by RAND, MIT and UCLA. The National Physical Laboratory in Great Britain set up the first test network on these principles in 1968. Shortly afterward, the Pend wildly across the field by whatever nodes happened to survive. This rather haphazard delivery system might be "inefficient" in the usual sense (especially compared to, say, the telephone system) -- but it would be extremely rugged. During the 60s, thi hot potato from node to node to node, more or less in the direction of its destination, until it ended up in the proper place. If big pieces of the network had been blown away, that simply wouldn't matter; the packets would still stay airborne, laterallee other specified destination node. Each packet would wind its way through the network on an individual basis. The particular route that the packet took would be unimportant. Only final results would count. Basically, the packet would be tossed like a to all other nodes, each node with its own authority to originate, pass, and receive messages. The messages themselves would be divided into packets, each packet separately addressed. Each packet would begin at some specified source node, and end at somto operate while in tatters.* The principles were simple. The network itself would be assumed to be unreliable at all times. It would be designed from the get-go to transcend its own unreliability. All the nodes in the network would be equal in statusry secrecy, and arrived at a daring solution. The RAND proposal (the brainchild of RAND staffer Paul Baran) was made public in 1964. In the first place, the network would *have no central authority.* Furthermore, it would be *designed from the beginning commanded and controlled? Any central authority, any network central citadel, would be an obvious and immediate target for an enemy missile. The center of the network would be the very first place to go. RAND mulled over this grim puzzle in deep milita. But no matter how thoroughly that network was armored or protected, its switches and wiring would always be vulnerable to the impact of atomic bombs. A nuclear attack would reduce any conceivable network to tatters. And how would the network itself beremost Cold War think-tank, faced a strange strategic problem. How could the US authorities successfully communicate after a nuclear war? Postnuclear America would need a command-and-control network, linked from city to city, state to state, base to baseHistory of the Internet By Bruce Sterling bruces@well.sf.ca.us Literary Freeware -- Not for Commercial Use -- Distribute Freely but do not sell From: THE! F&SF Science Column #5 "Internet" Some thirty years ago, the RAND Corporation, America's fo Z[\]^_`abcdefgztagon's Advanced Research Projects Agency decided to fund a larger, more ambitious project in the USA. The nodes of the network were to be high-speed supercomputers (or what passed for supercomputers at the time). These were rare and valuable machines which were in real need of good solid networking, for the sake of national research-and-development projects. In fall 1969, the first such node was installed in UCLA. By December 1969, there were four nodes on the infant network, which was named ARPANET, TCP/IP became more common, entire other networks fell into the digital embrace of the Internet, and messily adhered. Since the software called TCP/IP was public-domain, and the basic technology was decentralized and rather anarchic by its very nature, itrowing galaxy of other linked machines. As the '70s and '80s advanced, many very different social groups found themselves in possession of powerful computers. It was fairly easy to link these computers to the growing network-of- networks. As the use ofANET itself remained fairly tightly controlled, at least until 1983, when its military segment broke off and became MILNET. But TCP/IP linked them all. And ARPANET itself, though it was growing, became a smaller and smaller neighborhood amid the vastly gouted across multiple nodes and even across multiple networks with multiple standards -- not only ARPA's pioneering NCP standard, but others like Ethernet, FDDI, and X.25. As early as 1977, TCP/IP was being used by other networks to link to ARPANET. ARP as TCP/IP. TCP, or "Transmission Control Protocol," converts messages into streams of packets at the source, then reassembles them back into messages at the destination. IP, or "Internet Protocol," handles the addressing, seeing to it that packets are rand even their ownership, were irrelevant. The ARPA's original standard for communication was known as NCP, "Network Control Protocol," but as time passed and the technique advanced, NCP was superceded by a higher-level, more sophisticated standard knownke standard corporate computer networks, the ARPA network could accommodate many different kinds of machine. As long as individual machines could speak the packet-switching lingua franca of the new, anarchic network, their brand-names, and their content, ng science fiction on the network was not work-related and was frowned upon by many ARPANET computer administrators, but this didn't stop it from happening. Throughout the '70s, ARPA's network grew. Its decentralized structure made expansion easy. Unliailing-list, an ARPANET broadcasting technique in which an identical message could be sent automatically to large numbers of network subscribers. Interestingly, one of the first really big mailing-lists was "SF- LOVERS," for science fiction fans. Discussiail. Not only were they using ARPANET for person-to-person communication, but they were very enthusiastic about this particular service -- far more enthusiastic than they were about long-distance computation. It wasn't long before the invention of the m. Researchers were using ARPANET to collaborate on projects, to trade notes on work, and eventually, to downright gossip and schmooze. People had their own personal user accounts on the ARPANET computers, and their own personal addresses for electronic mfact became clear. ARPANET's users had warped the computer-sharing network into a dedicated, high-speed, federally subsidized electronic post- office. The main traffic on ARPANET was not long-distance computing. Instead, it was news and personal messagesr facilities by long-distance. This was a very handy service, for computer-time was precious in the early '70s. In 1971 there were fifteen nodes in ARPANET; by 1972, thirty-seven nodes. And it was good. By the second year of operation, however, an odd after its Pentagon sponsor. The four computers could transfer data on dedicated high- speed transmission lines. They could even be programmed remotely from the other nodes. Thanks to ARPANET, scientists and researchers could share one another's compute was difficult to stop people from barging in and linking up somewhere-or-other. In point of fact, nobody *wanted* to stop them from joining this branching complex of networks, which came to be known as the "Internet." Connecting to the Internet cost the taxpayer little or nothing, since each node was independent, and had to handle its own financing and its own technical requirements. The more, the merrier. Like the phone network, the computer network became steadily more valuable as it embraced larger tocols, which are strictly technical, not social or political. (There has been some struggle over commercial use of the Internet, but that situation is changing as businesses supply their own links). The Internet is also a bargain. The Internet as a wh true, modern, functional anarchy. There is no "Internet Inc." There are no official censors, no bosses, no board of directors, no stockholders. In principle, any node can speak as a peer to any other node, as long as it obeys the rules of the TCP/IP promilitary and research institutions, into elementary and high schools, as well as into public libraries and the commercial sector. Why do people want to be "on the Internet?" One of the main reasons is simple freedom. The Internet is a rare example of aaster than fax machines. Last year the Internet was growing at a rate of twenty percent a *month.* The number of "host" machines with direct connection to TCP/IP has been doubling every year since 1988. The Internet is moving out of its original base in ess that it provides to specialized data and personal communication has sped up the pace of scientific research enormously. The Internet's pace of growth in the early 1990s is spectacular, almost ferocious. It is spreading faster than cellular phones, f possibly four million people use this gigantic mother-of-all-computer-networks. The Internet is especially popular among scientists, and is probably the most important scientific instrument of the late twentieth century. The powerful, sophisticated accng is now global. In 1971, a mere twenty-one years ago, there were only four nodes in the ARPANET network. Today there are tens of thousands of nodes in the Internet, scattered over forty-two countries, with more coming on-line every day. Three million, between networks.) ARPANET itself formally expired in 1989, a happy victim of its own overwhelming success. Its users scarcely noticed, for ARPANET's functions not only continued but steadily improved. The use of TCP/IP standards for computer networkihigh-tech research exercise in national security. Com, however, stood for "commercial" institutions, which were soon bursting into the network like rodeo bulls, surrounded by a dust-cloud of eager nonprofit "orgs." (The "net" computers served as gatewaysdu, com, org and net. (Graceless abbreviations such as this are a standard feature of the TCP/IP protocols.) Gov, Mil, and Edu denoted governmental, military and educational institutions, which were, of course, the pioneers, since ARPANET had begun as a The nodes in this growing network-of-networks were divvied up into basic varieties. Foreign computers, and a few American ones, chose to be denoted by their geographical locations. The others were grouped by the six basic Internet "domains": gov, mil, ester links, upgraded and expanded, again and again, in 1986, 1988, 1990. And other government agencies leapt in: NASA, the National Institutes of Health, the Department of Energy, each of them maintaining a digital satrapy in the Internet confederation. necessity. In 1984 the National Science Foundation got into the act, through its Office of Advanced Scientific Computing. The new NSFNET set a blistering pace for technical advancement, linking newer, faster, shinier supercomputers, through thicker, faand larger territories of people and resources. A fax machine is only valuable if *everybody else* has a fax machine. Until they do, a fax machine is just a curiosity. ARPANET, too, was a curiosity for a while. Then computer-networking became an utterole, unlike the phone system, doesn't charge for long-distance service. And unlike most commercial computer networks, it doesn't charge for access time, either. In fact the "Internet" itself, which doesn't even officially exist as an entity, never "charge "WHERE TO START" FOR NEW INTERNET USERS Jim Milles Ver. 4.5 21 July 1994 ----------------------------------------------------------------- 1. E-mail systandall, Neil. _Teach Yourself the Internet: Around the World in 21 Days_. Indianapolis, IN: SAMS Publishing, 1994. 676 pp. ISBN 0-672-30519-4, US$25.00. (A remarkably comprehensive workbook and resource guide, generously illustrated; its greatest strenanion Plus: A Beginner's Start- Up Kit for Global Networking_. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1993. 196 pp. ISBN 0-201-62719-1, US$19.95. (A good guide for the true beginner, useful even for the pre-beginner who has not yet signed on to the Internet.) RInternet, and is still regarded by many as the best of the Internet books. However, the availability of other books like Gilster's makes Krol's Unix bias more evident. Recommended especially for users of Unix systems.) LaQuey, Tracy. _The Internet Compole Internet: User's Guide & Catalog_. 2nd ed. Sebastapol, CA: O'Reilly & Associates, 1994. 543 pp. ISBN 1-56592-063-5, US$24.95. (In the fast-moving world of the Internet, for most of 1993 this was the successor to _Zen_ as the essential guide to the cGraw-Hill, 1993. 818 pp. ISBN 0-07-881980- 6, US$29.95. (Considered by many the best of the new crop of Internet books, and at 800+ pages, among the most comprehensive. The humor, however, seems somewhat more lame than some others.) Krol, Ed. _The Wh books for the individual dial-up user. Contains a wealth of useful background information on the workings of the Internet dial-up user who is serious about the Internet.) Hahn, Harley & Rick Stout. _The Internet Complete Reference_. Berkeley: Osborne M Internet access software, including a "legal copy of MacTCP 2.0.2.") Gilster, Paul. _The Internet Navigator_. New York: John Wiley, 1993. 470 pp. ISBN 0-471-59782-1, US$24.95. (An elegantly written and cleanly designed guidebook, the best of the newdam. _Internet Starter Kit for Macintosh_. Indianapolis: Hayden Press, 1993. 641 pp. ISBN 1-56830-064-6, US$19.95. (Highly recommended by Mac users, many of whom preferred this to the Fraase book listed below. Comes with a disk containing a variety ofrk: McGraw-Hill, 1994. 570 pp. ISBN 0-07-016510-6, US$40.00 (hardcover); ISBN 0-07-016511-4, US$27.95 (paper). (Dern is the former editor of _Internet World_ magazine and author of numerous articles on the Internet in many other publications.) Engst, A14-9, US$32.95. (A remarkably useful and comprehensive work, covering everything from the basics of computer communications, to using local bulletin boards, to the intricacies of the Internet.) Dern, Daniel P. _The Internet Guide for New Users_. New Yo-------------------------------------------------------- 2. Some recommended books for new users of the Internet: Aboba, Bernard. _The Online User's Encyclopedia: Bulletin Boards and Beyond_. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1994. 806 pp. ISBN 0-201-622 "#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDems vary widely. For help with most e-mail questions (signature files, quoting, and so on), contact your local computer support personnel or your Internet service provider, or consult the books listed below for a discussion of your mail system. ---------gth is its systematic approach to gaining familiarity with the scope of the Internet.) Savetz, Kevin M. _Your Internet Consultant: The FAQs of Life Online_. Indianapolis, IN: SAMS Publishing, 1994. 550 pp. ISBN 0-672-30520-8, US$25.00. (Most commonly asked questions about tools and resources presented in a convenient format; well indexed and with a clearly organized table of contents.) Smith, Richard and Mark Gibbs. _Navigating the Internet: Deluxe Edition_. Indianapolis, IN: SAMS Publishing, 1994.eginning user). Jaffe, Lee David. _Introducing the Internet: A Trainer's Workshop_. (Internet Workshop Series, Number 1.) Berkeley, CA: Library Solutions Press, 1994. 92 pp. ISBN 1-882208-05-6, US$30.00 (US$45.00 with diskette). (The first in a seris: SAMS Publishing, 1994. 1,387 pp. ISBN 0-672-30466-X, US$44.95. (Contains chapters written by over 40 prominent Internet experts. This is the most comprehensive, and most expensive, Internet reference currently available, but not recommended for the b Hoffman, Paul E. _Internet Instant Reference_. San Francisco: SYBEX, 1994. 317 pp. ISBN 0-7821-1512-8, US$12.99. (A pocket guide to Internet terms and concepts, for both beginning and advanced Internet users.) _The Internet Unleashed_. Indianapolio-use directory of Internet resources, and an excellent companion to Hahn and Stout's _Complete Internet Reference_.) Heslop, Brent and David Angell. _The Instant Internet Guide_. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1994. 209 pp. ISBN 0-201-62707-8, US$14.95. User's Guide to the Internet_. Waterloo, ON, Canada: MKS [Mortice Kern Systems], 1993. Hahn, Harley, and Rick Stout. _The Internet Yellow Pages_. Berkeley, CA: Osborne McGraw-Hill, 1994. 447 pp. ISBN 0-07-882023-5, US$27.95. (An entertaining, easy-truising the Internet the Easy Way_. Chapel Hill, NC: Ventana Press, 1994. 344 pp. ISBN 1-56604-081-7, US$24.95. (Good graphics and sample screens, but coverage is selective; some important tools like World-Wide Web are omitted.) Gardner, James. _A DOSe, Michael. _The PC Internet Tour Guide: Cruising the Internet the Easy Way_. Chapel Hill: Ventana Press, 1994. ISBN 1-56604-084-1, US$24.95. Fraase, Michael. _The Windows Internet Tour Guide: CThe Mac Internet Tour Guide: Cruising the Internet the Easy Way_. Chapel Hill, NC: Ventana Press, 1993. 288 pp. ISBN 1-56604-062-0, US$27.95. (The first Internet guide written for Macintosh users; includes a 800K disc containing useful software.) Fraask, Bennett. _The Internet Roadmap_. San Francisco: SYBEX, 1994. 263 pp. ISBN 0-7821-1365-6, US$12.99. Fisher, Sharon. _Riding the Internet Highway_. Carmel, Indiana: New Riders Pub., 1993. 266 pp. ISBN 1-56205-192-X, US$16.95. Fraase, Michael. _f-Davis Press, 1994. 218 pp. ISBN 1-56276-192-7, US$24.95. (Excellent integration of graphics to explain some of the technology behind the Internet. However, examples of resources are extremely short and selective; definitely not a resource guide.) Fal resources. A directory like this, Hahn and Stout's _Internet Yellow Pages_, or Rittner's _Whole Earth Online Almanac_, may be useful as a companion to one of the other "how-to" guidebooks). Eddings, Joshua. _How the Internet Works_. Emeryville, CA: ZifBraun, Eric. _The Complete Internet Directory_. New York: Fawcett, 1993. 704 pp. ISBN 0-449-90898-4, US$25.00. (As the title suggests, this is a directory of newsgroups, discussion lists, ftp sites, and so on, with just a few pages on how to use these------------------------------ 3. Other useful books for new users: Badgett, Tom and Corey Sandler. _Welcome to... Internet: From Mystery to Mastery_. New York: MIS Press, 1993. 324 pp. ISBN 1-55828-308-0, US$19.95. (A self-instruction handbook.) 640 pp. ISBN 0-672-30485-6, US$29.95. (A highly readable guide, with an easy- to-use listing of Internet resources arranged by subject. Smith is well known for his popular online "Navigating the Internet" courses.) -----------------------------------es of supplements to _Crossing the Internet Threshold_, by Tennant, Ober, and Lipow. Based on an actual trainer's handouts and script, it may also be used as a self-instruction workbook.) Kehoe, Brendan. _Zen and the Art of the Internet: A Beginner's Guide_. 3rd ed. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1994. 193 pp. ISBN 0-13-121492-6, US$23.95. (One of the first and most popular guides to the Internet. The first edition was distributed for free on the Internet, and is stilnet to archie, gopher, WAIS, and World-Wide Web.) Tolhurst, William A., Mary Ann Pike, Keith A. Blanco, and John R. Harris. _Using the Internet: Special Edition_. Indianapolis, IN: Que Corp., 1994. 1188 pp. ISBN 1-56529-353-6, $39.95. (At well over 1er, & Anne G. Lipow. _Crossing the Internet Threshold: An Instructional Handbook_. 134 pp. ISBN 1-882208- 01-3, US45.00. Berkeley, CA: Library Solutions Press, 1993. (Includes helpful fact sheets on various Internet tools from ftp and teluide for PC Users_. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: PTR Prentice Hall, 1994. 275 pp. ISBN 0-13-056392-7, US$27.95. (A detailed workbook for the individual user; like most of the others, assumes the reader will be working on a Unix system.) Tennant, Roy, John Obp. ISBN 1-882208-06-4, US$30.00 (US$45.00 with diskette). (The second supplement to _Crossing the Internet Threshold_; suitable for use either by trainers or as a self-teaching workbook.) Sachs, David and Henry Stairs. _Hands-On Internet: A Beginning G like America Online and CompuServe, and even local BBSes.) Robinson, David F.W. _All About Internet FTP: Learning and Teaching to Transfer Files on the Internet_. (Internet Workshop Series, Number 2.) Berkeley, CA: Library Solutions Press, 1994. 90 p Rittner, Don. _Whole Earth Online Almanac_. New York: Brady Publishing, 1993. 545 pp. ISBN 1-56686-090-3, US$32.95. (Another directory of online resources, this one attempts to cover not only Internet, but also Fidonet and commercial services guide to the history and present--as of 1990--state of the Internet and its component and related networks. Recommended for those who want to learn the background and history of the Internet.) s on "Using the Internet via" CompuServe, AOL, DELPHI, and Unix systems.) Quarterman, John S. _The Matrix: Computer Networks and Conferencing Systems Worldwide_. Bedford, MA: Digital Press, 1990. 719 pp. ISBN 1-55558-033-5, US$49.95. (A comprehensivel information on how to obtain Internet access, as well as other technical reference material.) Pike, Mary Ann and Tod G. Pike. _The Internet Quick Start_. Indianapolis: Que Corp., 1994. 387 pp. ISBN 1-56529-658-3, US$21.99. (Contains separate chapterne of the publisher's popular "... for Dummies" series.) Marine, April; Kirkpatric, Susan; Neou, Vivian; and Ward, Carol. _Internet: Getting Started_. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: PTR Prentice Hall, 1992. 360 pp. ISBN 0-13-327933-2, US$28.00. (Includes usefuservice. Howe is the sysop of the Delphi Internet SIG.) Levine, John R. and Carol Baroudi. _The Internet for Dummies_. San Mateo, California: IDG Books, 1993. 355 pp. ISBN 1-56884- 024-1, US$19.95. (A very useful, well organized, and readable book, ornet Basics_. New York: Random House, 1993. 495 pp. ISBN 0-679-75023-1, US$27.00. (Although this is a good, general guide to the Internet for any user, it is especially useful for those who access the Internet through the commercial Delphi information et, 1993. 515 pp. ISBN 0-9635281-0-6, US$29.95. (A comprehensive guide to Internet resources, comparable to Krol's _The Whole Internet_ but even broader in scope. It covers a number of areas that other guides ignore.) Lambert, Steve & Walt Howe. _Intel available at many anonymous ftp sites, e.g. nic.merit.edu, directory /introducing.the.internet, filename zen.txt.) Kochmer, Jonathan and NorthWestNet. _The Internet Passport: NorthWestNet's Guide to Our World Online_. 4th ed. Bellevue, WA: NorthWestN000 pages, this is the current leader in the sweepstakes for biggest Internet book. However, its coverage is surprisingly spotty; it includes a 110-page chapter on legal considerations, but ignores major tools like World-Wide Web.) ----------------------------------------------------------------- 4. For those who know enough about using the Internet to be able to use "ftp," the following sources are very useful (note that they are regularly updated, so the version numbers and file names may change): deAvailable by anonymous ftp from ftp.sura.net, directory /pub/nic, file infoguide.12-93.txt. Yanoff, Scott. "Special Internet Connections" (updated frequently). A list of interesting and useful selection showing the broad range of Internet resources, inc Polly, Jean Armour. "Surfing the INTERNET: An Introduction." Version 2.0.3, May 15, 1993. Available by anonymous ftp from nysernet.org, directory /pub/guides, file surfing.2.0.3.txt. "SURAnet Guide to Selected Internet Resources." December 1993. message to LISTSERV@CMUVM.CSV.CMICH.EDU containing only the line GET NETSTART INFO F=MAIL. (A lengthy bibliography of books, articles, and other materials about the Internet and related topics.) il 1992. Available by anonymous ftp from nysernet.org, directory /pub/guides, filename new.user.guide.V2.2.txt Parker, Elliott S. "Getting to Start: Selected Readings in Computer Communication." Ver. 4.01 (13 Dec 1993). Available by sending an e-mail /Bitnet." June 1993. Available by anonymous ftp from vm1.nodak.edu, directory /nnews, filename guidev2.nnews. (A rare and valuable guide for the VAX/VMS user.) "NYSERNet New User's Guide to Useful and Unique Resources on the Internet." Version 2.2, Aprternet." July 1993. Available by anonymous ftp from ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu,directory /Education/Education_Resources/Incomplete_Guide/ Incomp.Guide.Old, filename Incomp.Guide.July.txt. (Focuses on K-12 users and resources.) Noonan, Dana. "A Guide to Internete focus is on legal resources, this guide should be useful for any VAX/VMS user. It is also the only source I know of that discusses the differing commands for the BITNET and Unix listserver systems.) NCSA Education Group. "An Incomplete Guide to the Ining the Internet at Saint Louis University School of Law." Available by anonymous ftp from sluaxa.slu.edu, directory /pub/millesjg, filename interlaw.wp (binary, WordPerfect 5.1/5.2 format), interlaw.txt (ASCII), or interlaw.ps (PostScript). (Although thnds." Available by anonymous ftp from sluaxa.slu.edu, directory /pub/millesjg, filename mailser.cmd. (Explanation of the most commonly used commands for five of the most popular discussion list management programs.) Milles, James. "An Introduction to Ushem thar Networks! or Searching for Treasure in all the Wrong Places." RFC 1402, January 1993. Available by anonymous ftp from nic.merit.edu, directory /introducing.the.internet, filename network.gold. Milles, James. "Discussion Lists: Mail Server Comma guidebooks.) Gaffin, Adam and Electronic Frontier Foundation. "Big Dummy's Guide to the Internet." January 1994. Available by anonymous ftp from ftp.eff.org, directory /pub/Net_info/Big_Dummy, filename bigdummy.txt. Martin, Jerry. "There's Gold in tory /pub/communications, filename internet-cmc.txt. (Gives locations and access instructions for hundreds of Internet training documents, directories, and other materials. Essential for locating the many valuable Internet resources discussed in the otherxcellent for users of commercial services like CompuServe, Genie, and MCImail.) December, John. "Information Sources: the Internet and Computer- Mediated Communication." 15 December 1993, release 3.15. Available by anonymous ftp from ftp.rpi.edu, direct Presno, Odd. "The Online World." Available by anonymous ftp from oak.oakland.edu, directory /pub/msdos/info, type binary, filename online16.zip. Uncompress with PKZip 2.04g. (An excellent source for coverage of European resources, also eluding a few Online Public Access Catalogs, chat lines, weather servers, Campus Wide Information Systems, and other reference resources. Available by anonymous ftp from csd4.csd.uwm.edu, directory /pub, filename inet.services.txt. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 5. For information on how to get connected to the Internet: Engle, Mary, Marilyn Lutz, William W. Jones, Jr., and Genevieve Engel. _Internet Connections: A Librarian's Guide to Dial-Up Access and Use_. Lita MSHOULD I USE? 8) WHY USE THE /// FOR INTERNET ACCESS? 9) WHERE DO I FIND ACCESS /// OR THE COMMUNICATIONS MANAGER? 10) CLOSE: SURFIN THE NET 1) Introduction With the huge amount of media attention given to the Internet, it's sometimes difficult to sorEGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWX? 3) WHAT HOST SHOULD I USE? 4) WHAT KINDS OF INTERNET SERVICES CAN I ACCESS THROUGH A UNIX HOST ON MY ///? 5) HOW MUCH SHOULD IT COST? 6) HOW DO I TRANSFER INFORMATION FROM THE INTERNET TO MY ///? 7) WHAT ACCESS /// AND HOST TERMINAL SETTINGS APPLE /// INTERNET FAQ by Jeff Marraccini, System Administrator, the OAK Repository (oak.oakland.edu) Edited by Dave Ottalini; WAP /// SIG (Dave.Ottalini@tcs.wap.org) Version: 1.0 October, 1995 CONTENTS 1) INTRODUCTION 2) WHAT ABOUT PPP AND MOSAICity Law Library 3700 Lindell Blvd. St. Louis, MO 63108 E-mail: millesjg@sluvca.slu.edu ----------------------------------------------------------------- Jim Milles (listowner, NETTRAIN@UBVM) Phone: (314) 658-2759 Head of Computer Services Fax: (314) 658-3966 Saint Louis Universain.revs_2, and nettrain.revs_3. They may also be obtained by sending a message to LISTSERV@UBVM.cc.buffalo.edu containing only the lines: GET NETTRAIN REVS_1 NETTRAIN F=MAIL GET NETTRAIN REVS_2 NETTRAIN F=MAIL GET NETTRAIN REVS_3 NETTRAIN F=MAIL r New Internet Users is also available on the World-Wide Web (http://lawlib.slu.edu/newusers.htm). A collection of reviews of Internet books can be obtained by anonymous ftp from ubvm.cc.buffalo.edu, cd /nettrain. The filenames are nettrain.revs_1, nettre newusers.faq, or from ubvm.cc.buffalo.edu, directory /NETTRAIN, filename NEWUSERS.FAQ. It may also be obtained by e-mail by sending a message to LISTSERV@UBVM.cc.buffalo.edu containing only the line: GET NEWUSERS FAQ NETTRAIN F=MAIL "Where to Start" fo-------------------------- 6. The latest version of this document, "Where to Start" for New Internet Users, is available by anonymous ftp from sluaxa.slu.edu, directory /pub/millesjg, filenamnternet Access List (the most comprehensive list of Internet access providers for individuals and small organizations) by sending an e-mail message containing the command "Send PDIAL" to info-deli-server@netcom.com. ---------------------------------------6592-061-9, US$15.95. Notess, Greg R. _Internet Access Providers: An International Resource Directory_. Westport, CT: Meckler, 1993. ISBN 0-88736- 933-2, US$22.95. If you have e-mail access to the Internet, you can obtain a copy of the Public Dialup Ionographs 3. Chicago: Library and Information Technology Association, 1993. 166 pp. ISBN 0-8389- 7677-8, US$22.00. Estrada, Susan. _Connecting to the Internet: An O'Reilly Buyer's Guide_. Sebastapol, CA: O'Reilly & Associates, 1993. 170 pp. ISBN 1-5t through the endless articles about the latest new nifty Web page, X Corporation's latest electronic mail/groupware package for that three-letter computer, etc. to find the gem that will help us really improve our lives. Yet, as one of the people involved in bringing the Internet to thousands of users, I can safely say that there ARE gems out there, and your Apple /// (with a bit of help from a host system) can find them for you. 2) But what about PPP? What about Mosaic? It's doubtful that PPP (Point t lynx will display a garbled screen: press Control-L to ask lynx to erase and re-display it. D) The Usenet. Several text-based Usenet readers are available. The author's favorite is nn, short for "No News is good news." Other alternatives include tin, rcations program. C) World Wide Web. Sorry, you cannot run Mosaic through the Apple ///. However, the lynx program can handle any World Wide Web page, is text-based, and is very fast. Suggest using lynx under Access /// in ANSI emulation mode. Sometimesnsfer. For transferring files from other Internet hosts (including the popular names.wvu.edu Apple /// site) the ftp program is a staple. It has a cousin that is a bit more friendly to use, ncftp. Both are text-based and work under any Apple /// communist on my ///? On a typical Unix Internet host, you'll find the following tools: A) Electronic mail. The elm and pine programs are very popular. They are text-based programs and work well with Apple Access /// in ANSI emulation (see below.) B) File traities, if you use a non-Unix system to gain access to the Internet it's best to check with the system management staff to find out which text-based Internet applications are supported. 4) What Kinds of Internet Services Can I Access through a Unix Hoitionally integrated well into the Internet, and plenty of text-based Internet software is available on these hosts to enable your Apple /// to become a powerful Internet surfer. Other types of hosts running other operating systems may have similar capabilnt terminal and dial up an Internet host, the lack of TCP/IP no longer is a problem. The /// has full access to the Internet using the host as an intermediary. The world's most popular Internet hosts are still Unix computer systems. Unix systems have trading set of protocols that Internet services, including electronic mail, the World Wide Web, and other services are based on. Internet hosts (and alas, those three-letter computers) speak TCP/IP to each other. Yet, if you use the Apple /// as an intelliged I Use? Even though we've dismissed Mosaic and graphics, the Apple /// still is missing a few pieces of critical software. The most important is the lack of a TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) suite for SOS. TCP/IP is the underly as mentioned above, even the Web seems to be most useful with graphics turned off, at least when using slower modem connections! So, what's all the hoopla? Apple ///'s do a terrific job with text-based applications. Who needs Mosaic?! 3) What Host Shouln if they have the latest three-letter computer. Most users I've worked with quickly end up disabling graphics most of the time to keep performance up as they access the World Wide Web. Other than the Web, most other Internet services are text based, ander system) with address space in the megabytes. Yet, if you poll users that have Internet access in their homes (using modems) you'll find that most users end up getting frustrated by the long delays endemic in bringing down these graphics-rich pages, eve//. For one, most of these tools have been written, for good or ill, for computers with large memory address spaces. While the Apple /// can take us to 512 kilobytes of memory, today's graphics-rich World Wide Web pages need a browser program (and computo Point Protocol, a popular method used to connect personal computers and small computer networks to the Internet over a modem, ISDN, or leased-line connection) or popular Internet navigation software such as Netscape or Mosaic will ever run on the Apple /n, and trn. Each has a slightly different user interface. nn is Apple /// friendly and works well under Access ///. 5) How Much Should It Cost? In most areas of the United States Internet host access is available for under $20.00 a month. Similar service for similar prices can be found in most places in the world. Normally called "shell" access, an Internet provider generates an account for you on their host(s). Then, using the Apple ///, a modem, and a communications program such as Access /// or The Communications Manager (which has XModem protocol) is available from On Three: Write to: Joe Consorti Apple /// Products, 6303 Green Garden Drive, Bakersfield, California 93313. Telephone is: 1-805-397-6118. 10) Close: Surfin' with the /// Using the to and other text-based Internet applications. 9) Where Can I Get Access /// or The Communications Manager? Access /// is available at minimum cost from Washington Apple Pi, 12022 Parklawn Dr.; Rockville, MD. 20852. Its phone number is: (301)-984-0300. Theon needs to be typed in to maintain a large Internet system such as oak.oakland.edu, the ///'s excellent keyboard is a perfect match for massive typing sessions. In addition, the ///'s terminal emulation is adequate to the task of handling electronic maily the default. 8) Why use the /// for Internet access? The /// makes an excellent smart terminal for Internet host access and maintenance. The author uses his /// to help maintain the oak.oakland.edu archive site. Since an extensive amount of informatiess /// to ensure that the modem does not get too far ahead of the Apple ///. It prevents garbled screens and dropped characters. Internet host Terminal type is set to vt100. On hosts that don't prompt for a terminal type, vt100 is usualleypad, Normal Cursor Keys, No wraparound, Standard character set, Speed 9600, Parity None Modem (I use a USR Sportster V.32 14.4Kbps modem) AT &H2 &I2 The above command string should not be used with Xmodem ///. It is only useful with Acc Should I Use? The author uses the following Access ///, modem, and host terminal settings when surfing the Internet: Access ///: Set ANSI mode, Do NOT send LF after CR, 8 bits per character, Enable XON/XOFF, Normal Video, Full Duplex, Normal K support Xmodem downloading and uploading capability. Often the sx and rx commands handle sending and receiving files via Xmodem, respectively. If not, check with the system managers for the correct command. 7) What Access /// and Host terminal Settingsloaded, the author will disconnect from his Internet host, switch to Xmodem /// using BOS, and begin a downloading frenzy after re-connecting to his Internet host. When the files are all safely on the ProFile, it's time to return to Access ///. Most hosts except simple text files. It may be necessary to switch to another communications program such as Xmodem /// when file downloads are necessary. The author prefers to use Access /// most of the time. After gathering a number of files that need to be down from other Internet systems, you will still need to download the files to your Apple ///'s diskette drives, ProFile, or hard disk. Unfortunately, one of the best communications programs for the Apple /// (Access ///) lacks the ability to download anythingo you. However, most of the actual work of bringing Internet information to you is being off-loaded to the host system. 6) How do I transfer information from the Internet to my ///? The Internet host system acts as an intermediary. When you access filesly have the same capabilities as any other Internet host. While you are connected to the host, the normal Apple /// abilities of capturing or printing information, switching programs, and the extraordinarily comfortable keyboard of the /// are available t Communications Manager, you call into their host and begin using the programs above in any combination to explore the Internet. In some areas popular systems known as FreeNets are available. These offer free, text-based access to the Internet and generalols mentioned above, Internet access via the /// is both viable and enjoyable. The lack of graphics seldom is a barrier. The /// and its communications software is definitely equal to the task of accessing an Internet host to "surf the Internet", so if you haven't tried it yet, give it a go! -- Jeff Marraccini Network Projects Manager Oakland University http://www.acs.oakland.edu/~jeff/ Internet mail is somewhat like fax. It's electronic text. But you don't have to pay for it (at least not directly), and it's global in scope. E-mail can also send software and certain forms of compressed digital imagery. New forms of mail are in the wor things, basically: mail, discussion groups, long-distance computing, and file transfers. Internet mail is "e-mail," electronic mail, faster by several orders of magnitude than the US Mail, which is scornfully known by Internet regulars as "snailmail." Internet backbones specially created for carrying business traffic. Today, even privately owned desktop computers can become Internet nodes. You can carry one under your arm. Soon, perhaps, on your wrist. But what does one *do* with the Internet? Foutime, the NSFnet's high-speed, high-capacity lines were known as the "Internet Backbone," and their owners could rather lord it over the rest of the Internet; but today there are "backbones" in Canada, Japan, and Europe, and even privately owned commercialclusively to scholarly research. Military people want it spy-proof and secure. And so on and so on. All these sources of conflict remain in a stumbling balance today, and the Internet, so far, remains in a thrivingly anarchical condition. Once upon a Internet belongs to everyone and no one. Still, its various interest groups all have a claim. Business people want the Internet put on a sounder financial footing. Government people want the Internet more fully regulated. Academics want it dedicated exficer, or a President and a Congress? There'd probably be a lot fewer new words in English, and a lot fewer new ideas. People on the Internet feel much the same way about their own institution. It's an institution that resists institutionalization. The sing and exploiting and teaching English, "English" as an institution is public property, a public good. Much the same goes for the Internet. Would English be improved if the "The English Language, Inc." had a board of directors and a chief executive ofdies to help you learn to read and write a bit). Otherwise, everybody just sort of pitches in, and somehow the thing evolves on its own, and somehow turns out workable. And interesting. Fascinating, even. Though a lot of people earn their living from uhe "anarchy" of the English language. Nobody rents English, and nobody owns English. As an English-speaking person, it's up to you to learn how to speak English properly and make whatever use you please of it (though the government provides certain subsis" for anything. Each group of people accessing the Internet is responsible for their own machine and their own section of line. The Internet's "anarchy" may seem strange or even unnatural, but it makes a certain deep and basic sense. It's rather like t*rks. The discussion groups, or "newsgroups," are a world of their own. This world of news, debate and argument is generally known as "USENET. " USENET is, in point of fact, quite different from the Internet. USENET is rather like an enormous billowing crowd of gossipy, news-hungry people, wandering in and through the Internet on their way to various private backyard barbecues. USENET is not so much a physical network as a set of social conventions. In any case, at the moment there are some 2,500 sepa billion project to upgrade the Internet "backbone." NREN will be some fifty times faster than the fastest network available today, allowing the electronic transfer of the entire Encyclopedia Britannica in one hot second. Computer networks worldwide willew commercial information- service promised. The federal government, pleased with an unsought success, is also still very much in the act. NREN, the National Research and Education Network, was approved by the US Congress in fall 1991, as a five-year, $2al computers a means of cheap, easy storage and access that is truly planetary in scale. The future of the Internet bids fair to be bigger and exponentially faster. Commercialization of the Internet is a very hot topic today, with every manner of wild nough the post-Cold War electronic global village. The spread of the Internet in the 90s resembles the spread of personal computing in the 1970s, though it is even faster and perhaps more important. More important, perhaps, because it may give those personin the hands of people all over the world. ARPA's network, designed to assure control of a ravaged society after a nuclear holocaust, has been superceded by its mutant child the Internet, which is thoroughly out of control, and spreading exponentially thrxplore these enormous archives of material. The headless, anarchic, million-limbed Internet is spreading like bread-mold. Any computer of sufficient power is a potential spore for the Internet, and today such computers sell for less than $2,000 and are fers are becoming a new form of publishing, in which the reader simply electronically copies the work on demand, in any quantity he or she wants, for free. New Internet programs, such as "archie," "gopher," and "WAIS," have been developed to catalog and eansferred through direct Internet access in a matter of minutes. Today, in 1992, there are over a million such public files available to anyone who asks for them (and many more millions of files are available to people with accounts). Internet file-transmachines and retrieve programs or text. Many Internet computers -- some two thousand of them, so far -- allow any person to access them anonymously, and to simply copy their public files, free of charge. This is no small deal, since entire books can be tr Libraries offer their electronic card catalogs for free search. Enormous CD-ROM catalogs are increasingly available through this service. And there are fantastic amounts of free software available. File transfers allow Internet users to access remote l inspiration for ARPANET and is still a very useful service, at least for some. Programmers can maintain accounts on distant, powerful computers, run programs there or write their own. Scientists can make use of powerful supercomputers a continent away. phone-lines, from Internet fringe- realms like BITnet, UUCP and Fidonet. The last two Internet services, long-distance computing and file transfer, require what is known as "direct Internet access" -- using TCP/IP. Long-distance computing was an originaarger all the time. USENET also distributes various free electronic journals and publications. Both netnews and e-mail are very widely available, even outside the high-speed core of the Internet itself. News and e-mail are easily available over common rate newsgroups on USENET, and their discussions generate about 7 million words of typed commentary every single day. Naturally there is a vast amount of talk about computers on USENET, but the variety of subjects discussed is enormous, and it's growing l feature 3-D animated graphics, radio and cellular phone-links to portable computers, as well as fax, voice, and high- definition television. A multimedia global circus! Or so it's hoped -- and planned. The real Internet of the future may bear very lit MENU.MAKER TEXT MODULESEG=0"MENU.MAKER"890&*X=11000: TEXT SLOW-DOWN LOOP ,X.1,180,22:2,280,21:2,2380,23:z:A$="LISTING "+B$(I),16,B)$=01:=0::"80C";A$;::12)>=23:=0::". HTTP (HyperText Transport Protocol): The protocol for moving hypertext files across the Internet. You need a program such as NETSCAPE to do this. Hypertext: Generally, any text that contains `links' to other documents- words or phase in the docmmon method of moving files from one computer to another on the Internet. Finger: A software tool to help locate people on other Internet sites. HTML (HyperText Markup Language): The coding language used to create hypertext documents or homepages leave messages forone another, play multiuser interactive games, and upload and download files. FAQ(Frequently asked Questions): Common questions about Internet. Answers can be found in files named FAQ's. FTP(File Transfer Protocol): The most colnop------------------------------------------------------------------ Archie: A software tool for finding files. The File Finder. BBS(Bulletin Board System): A computer or computer system that allows people to meet and carry on `live' conversations, Internet Terms ------------------------------------------------------------------------ The following are common terms used on the Super Information Highway or Internet. We hope at KISNET that these terms help you on your way across the Internet. ------EAD PASCAL TEXT FILES."04=10:"78C";"ANY KEY RETURNS TO THE MENU."!>G$:::".D1/MENU.MAKER",320R",220(204::"79A";""; 2D=1:F=1 <#4;a$ FD=D+1 P#5;a$ZD=60#5;12)dD=60D=1nF=F+1::d$;::Y=1100:Y x13402  CATCH PASCAL TEXT FILES 202 :F*=08:"78C";"SORRY BUT MENU.MAKER CAN'T R".D1/MENU.MAKER",220 d$="" A$="PRINTING "+B$(I),16,B)=01:=0::"80C";A$;:#3,B$(I),16,B)Z=1#3;b$:"78A";b$Z=Z+1:Z=18:1290 1260 #4,B$(I),16,B)#5,".PRINTER"+ž#4#5;12):::".D1/MENU.MAKE30C$="N"C$="n"1160;:=23:=0::"79C";"PRESS ANY KEY TO HALT LISTING": $1020.202 8::Z=1B::=23:=0::"79C";"WOULD YOU LIKE A PRINTED COPY?":1C$:C$<>"Y"C$<>"y"C$<>"N"C$<>"n"1170*C$="N"C$="n"hjk79C";"PRESS ANY KEY TO HALT LISTING"::202 1020#2,B$(I),16,B)ž#242:::1160Z=1#2;A$:"78A";A$Z=Z+1:Z>1842:::Z=1980*:=23:=0::"79C";"CONTINUE...?":1C$:C$<>"Y"C$<>"y"C$<>"N"C$<>"n"10ument that can be chosen by the reader to link to another document. IP Number: The Internet number assigned to a computer giving it an address on the Internet. KIS.NET 's IP Number is 206.26.158.3 IRC(Internet Relay Chat): The chat of the world. MOO(Mud, Object Oriented): a multi user role-playing environment. MUD(Multi-User Dungeon or Dimension): A text based multi-user simulation environment. These are mainly for fun. PPP( Point To Point Protocol): Another method of a dialup accouts text-only nature also makes it very tolerant of older (make that Apple) hardware. How To Connect: You can dial Sailor via these numbers: Montgomery County: 301-424-4200 PG County : 301-925-2400 Howard County : 410-730-0707 Settings are: 8e Net and harvest data on Maryland-specific topics. Sailor also offers a link to many of the same freenets available throught CapAccess (select "Sailing the Internet" from the main menu). Like CapAccess, Sailor is set up to be friendly for new users, and i state of Maryland in July, 1994 to offer free access to the Internet through a "gopher" service - a series of heirarchically organized menus - Sailor now features a WWW connection as well. Although Sailor offers no free e-mail, it's a good way to tour ths) and use "visitor" as your password Voice help: 202-986-2065. Registration is done by mail - see the registration form in this folder/subdirectory. It will cost you $25.00 to register - but after that, everything is free. SAILOR - Established by theess sites). How to Connect: Dial 202-785-1523 with a modem. Settings should be: 8N1, up to 14,400 baud, using either VT100 (Access // and /// can do this, along with other telecom programs)) or VT 102 terminal emulation. Login as "guest" (note lower capss offers internet e-mail as well as text-only gopher and World Wide Web access (perfect for Apple folks). For a more complete Net link, you can connect to freelinks, similar nonprofit entities located elsewhere (see a separate file listing many public accvariety of DC-centric forums on topics like politics, the media and the arts. Most area governments maintain forums here, as do many community groups, schools and nonprofits, making CapAccess the closest thing we have to an electronic town square. CapAcce EITHER SYSTEM. ALSO - SEE RON EVRY'S ARTICLE ON DISK 3INET-02 ABOUT PUBLIC ACCESS IN VIRGINIA. ALSO SEE THE APPLE /// INTERNET FAQ IN THIS SUBDIRECTORY. CAPACCESS - In business since February, 1993, this 15,000 member communtiy-access network offers a o point-and-click, no connect charges. Which may be just right for plenty of users. NOTE: FOR MANY APPLE // AND /// USERS - THIS IS A GREAT WAY TO SURF THE NET WITH LITTLE MORE THAN YOUR COMPUTER AND A MODEM/TELECOM PROGRAM. YOU NEED *NOTHING ELSE* TO USEqstuvw Sailor, a program run by Maryland's library system, carry some Internet services and offer gateways to "freenets" based elsewhere that provide fuller Net access. Neither option is easy: We're talking a plain-text, black and white interface. No graphics, n THE NET FOR NOTHING: CAPACCESS AND SAILOR (edited reprint - courtesy of Fast Forward/Washington Post) September, 1995 TWO LOCAL PUBLIC-ACCESS NETWORKS offer free connections to the Internet. CapAccess, a community network started at GW University, andnt to access the Internet. Usually has a static IP connected to it. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ copyright )1995, Kompleat Internet Services,LLC ------- copyright )1995, Kompleat Internet Services,LLC N1, up to 14,400 baud. VT 100 or VT 102 are required. Login as "gopher" (note small caps) with no password, to use a menu-based interface. Log in as "lynx" with no password to use a hypertext interface. Voice help: 410-396-4636. 1qp$t*B BEST.A2.SITES NEWBIE.BOOKSA3.INTERNET.FAQ5B GROOVY.TERMS55NET.FOR.NAUGHTnit from net connectivity. Following will be descriptions of electronic mail, discussion lists, electronic journals and texts, and resources available to those willing to explore. Historical details about the building of the Internet and technical detairemote sites. I haven't "visited" Antarctica yet, but it is only a matter of time before a host computer becomes available there! This short, non-technical article is an introduction to Internet communications and how librarians and libraries can benefuter on my desk, communications software, a modem, and a standard phone line. I'll be using the Internet, the global network of computers and their interconnections, which lets me skip like a stone across oceans and continents and control computers at 'll travel to Minnesota, Texas, California, Cleveland, New Zealand, Sweden, and England. I'm not frantically packing, and I won't pick up any frequent flyer mileage. In fact, I'm sipping cocoa at my Macintosh. My trips will be electronic, using the compcopy notice if you duplicate this document. Updates may be ftp'd from nysernet.org (192.77.173.2) /pub/resources/guides. Please choose the most current version of surfing.the.internet. Please send updates and corrections to: jpolly@nysernet.org Today Iission to reprint is granted for nonprofit educational purposes. Please let me know if you find this compilation useful. This first (much shorter) version of this appeared in the June, 1992 Wilson Library Bulletin. Please include this entire copyright/Surfing the INTERNET: an Introduction Version 2.0.2 December 15, 1992 c. 1992 Jean Armour Polly. Material quoted from other authors was compiled from public Internet posts by those authors. No copyright claims are made for those compiled quotes. Perm|}~d. It's a fine and happy irony. How does one get access to the Internet? Well -- if you don't have a computer and a modem, get one. Your computer can act as a terminal, and you can use an ordinary telephone line to connect to an Internet-linked machintle resemblance to today's plans. Planning has never seemed to have much to do with the seething, fungal development of the Internet. After all, today's Internet bears little resemblance to those original grim plans for RAND's post- holocaust command griSURFING.INETvT8' '+CYBERSURF.1{4eT5T5y+CYBERSURF.2GHT5T5yls regarding network speed and bandwidth are outside the scope of this piece. What's Out There Anyway? Until you use a radio receiver, you are unaware of the wealth of programming, music, and information otherwise invisible to you. Computer networks are much the same. About one million people worldwide use the Internet daily. Information packet traffic rises by 12% each month. About 727,000 host computers are connected, according to a January, 1992 report (Network Working Group Request for Commentsplea came from Ireland. "My daughter believes in Santa Claus," it began. "And although the 'My Little Pony Megan & Sundance' set has not been made in three years, she believes Santa will prevail and she will find one under her tree." Mom, a university u'll have offers of reports, studies, personal experiences and more. How do you cope with budget cuts: personnel layoffs or materials? Again, LIBADMIN use allows shared advice. Here is one story about the power of the net. At Christmas, an electronic mputer Systems list) for advice. In a few hours you'll have personal testimonies on the pros and cons of various hardware configurations. Want to see if any libraries are doing anything with Total Quality Management? Ask the members of LIBADMIN and yoicipatory learning. Participating in a discussion group is like being at an ongoing library conference. All the experts are Out There, waiting to be asked. Want to buy a CD ROM drive? Send one query and "ask" the 3,000 folks on PACS-L (Public Access Cot radio techies, and thousands more. There is even a list to announce the creation of new lists! The Power of the Net A net connection in a school is like having multiple foreign exchange students in the classroom all the time. It promotes active, partopened up discussions of dietary laws, staple foods, and cultural differences. Other lists explore the worlds of library administration, reference, mystery readers, romance readers, bird-watcher hotlines, cat enthusiasts, X-Soviet Union watchers, packewhat foods a typical family of four would buy and prepare over one week's time. Their results were posted to the global project area, where they could be compared with reports from kids all over North and South America, India, Scandinavia, and Asia. It dreams. It's interesting to see that Nintendo is a universal language! Teachers exchange lesson plans and bibliographies in another group, and schools participate in projects like the global market basket survey. For this project, students researched pe they are and how they are driven. Subscriptions are free. One of these groups allows children and young adults all over the world to communicate with each other. Kids from Cupertino to Moscow are talking about their lives, pets, families, hope andiscussion groups. Mail sent to the group address is distributed to all other "subscribers". It's similar to a round-robin discussion. These are known variously as mailing lists, discussion groups, reflectors, aliases, or listservs, depending on what tyans in Israel, Korea, England, Australia and all over the U.S. We're exchanging information about how to keep viruses off public computers, how to network CD ROMS, and how to reink inkjet printer cartridges, among other things. I monitor about twelve d at the weather forecast for here in the East and for the San Francisco Bay area, forwarding that information to a friend in San Jose who would read it when he woke up. The Internet never closes! After that I read some electronic mail from other librariere from Liverpool New York" mail for the librarian. I downloaded some new Macintosh anti-virus software from Stanford's SUMEX archive. Then I checked a few databases for information needed for this article, and scanned today's news stories. I looked: 1296) by Mark K. Lottor. So, what's all the excitement about? What's zipping around in that fiber and cable and ether, anyway? On my electronic adventure I browsed the online catalog at the University Library in Liverpool England, leaving some "hi thprofessor, had called the manufacturer in the US, but none were available. "Check around," they said, "maybe some yet stand on store shelves." So Mom sent the call out to the net. Many readers began a global search for the wily Pony as part of their own holiday shopping forays. Soon, another message came from Dublin. It seemed that a reader of the original message had a father who was a high-ranking executive in the toy company, and he had managed to acquire said pony where others had failed! It wavered here: privacy, freedom, first amendment rights. Join EFF to be added to the mailing list or ftp the files yourself from ftp.eff.org (192.88.144.4). They are in the /pub/eff and subsequent directories. Hot Off the Tree (HOTT) (Excerpts and Abstra.EDU (192.35.222.222); Enter command at the prompt: SHOW CURRENT CITES. Further information: David F. W. Robison, drobison@library.berkeley.edu. EFFector Online The online newsletter of the Electronic Frontier Foundation. All the hot net issues are coISTSERV@UICVM.BITNET SUBSCRIBE ALCTS First Name Last Name. Current Cites Bibliography of current journal articles relating to computers, networks, information issues, and technology. Distributed on PACS-L, or connect remotely via TELNET to MELVYL.UCOPis article. Telnet and ftp are introduced further along in this article. ALCTS NETWORK NEWS (Association for Library Collections and Technical Services) Various ALA news, net news, other items of interest to librarians. Send the following message to L growing number of these. Some of the best for librarians are listed below. To subscribe to these journals you must know how to send an interactive message to another computer. This information is well- documented in the resources listed at the end of th and provide a convenient black hole to vacuum up all your spare time. You may be more interested in free subscriptions to compiled documents known as electronic journals. These journals are automatically delivered to your electronic door. There are aic community is willing to help others. Telecommunications helps us overcome what has been called the tyranny of distance. We DO have a global village. Electronic Newsletters and Serials Subscribing to lists with reckless abandon can clog your mailboxing only keyboard characters. Besides the smiley face above, you can have :-( if you're sad, or :-< if you're REALLY upset! ;-) is one way of showing a wink. Folks wearing glasses might look like this online: %^). But for the most part, the electronttle smiley face. Look at it sideways. (more Smiley info may be found via anonymous ftp at many places, including the following: nic.funet.fi /pub/misc/funnies/smiley.txt). FTP is introduced later in the text. What a range of emotions you can show usremarks meant to be humorous are often lost. Without the visual body-language clues, some messages may be misinterpreted. So a visual shorthand known as "smileys" has been developed. There are a hundred or more variations on this theme- :-) That's a liace cosmos: there are arguments and tirades (called "flames"). Sometimes you get so used to seeing a frequent poster's electronic signature that you know what he's going to say before he says it! Smileys One problem with written communication is that econceived notions about what you THINK he is going to say, based on visual prejudices you may have, no matter how innocent. Well, almost without visual prejudice. Electronic mail is not always an harmonic convergence of like souls adrift in the cyberspat it is the Great Equalizer. It lets all kinds of computers and humans talk to each other. The old barriers of sexism, ageism, and racism are not present, since you can't see the person to whom you're "speaking". You get to know the person without prs duly shipped in time to save Santa's reputation. Part of the library's mission is to help remove barriers to accessing information, and part of this is removing barriers between people. One of the most interesting things about telecommunications is thcts of Articles about Information Technology) TELNET MELVYL.UCOP.EDU (192.35.222.222); Enter command: SHOW HOTT. Further information: Susan Jurist, SJURIST@UCSD.EDU. Network News An irreverent compendium of tidbits, resources, and net factoids that is a must for true Internet surfers. To subscribe, send the following message to LISTSERV@NDSUVM1.BITNET SUBSCRIBE NNEWS First Name Last Name. For more information: Dana Noonan at noonan@msus1.msus.edu. Public-Access Computer Systems News and The Publicet (where all this is being held) simply telnet to: freenet-in-a.cwru.edu 129.22.8.82 or 129.22.8.75 or 129.22.8.76 or 129.22.8.44 and select "visitor" at the login menu. MELVYL The University of California MELVYL Catalog Division of Library Automaey are announced. The Court's opinions can be sent directly to you or you may download the files directly from any NPTN community computer system. The Free-nets also provide weather, news, and gateways to other resources. To access the Cleveland Free-Nhat junk is now becoming a hazard to current and future space exploration." Another Free-net resource is Project Hermes. This service provides copies of Supreme Court opinions in electronic form to as wide an audience as possible, almost as soon as th This information is vital to the recovery of the Friendship 7 capsule and crew. Students have taken an interest in Space Junk and will be posting additional reports on the various probes which were used to test the surface of the moon and how all of ter for Supercomputing Applications." "ST. JULIE BILLIART SCHOOL Hamilton, OH (ba542@cleveland.freenet.edu) Simulating a NASA Tracking Station in Florida. They will be posting hourly weather reports about the conditions in Florida around Cape Kennedy.their reports." "DR. HOWARD ELEMENTARY SCHOOL Champaign, IL (cwilliam@mars.ncsa.uiuc.edu, cdouglas@ncsa.uiuc.edu) Dr. Howard School (25 students in 3rd/4th grade) will be simulating the Challenger 2 launch. They are being assisted by the National CentLKEALA HIGH SCHOOL VALKEALA ELEMENTARY SCHOOL Valkeala, Finland (sa124@cleveland.freenet.edu) Acting as Space Shuttle Discovery taking the Hubble Telescope into space. These Finnish students will be in communication with students in Estonia, relaying rthouses, and other public services. Academy One recently held an online global simulation of a series of major space achievements. 16 schools (from five states and four nations) participated. Here are several of the descriptions of their projects: "VAd the folks at National Public Telecomputing Network (NPTN) Box 1987 Cleveland, OH 44106 216/368-2733 FAX: 216/368-5436 Internet: aa622@cleveland.freenet.edu. Free-nets are built around a city metaphor, complete with schools, hospitals, libraries, couf Tom Grundner, Director, Community Telecomputing Laboratory Case Western Reserve University 303 Wickenden Building Cleveland, OH 44106 216/368-2733 FAX: 216/368-5436 Internet: aa001@cleveland.freenet.edu BITNET: aa001%cleveland.freenet.edu@cunyvm an gateways to still more hosts. How can you be in two places at once? It sounds more confusing than it is. What resources are available? Here is a sampling of some of the fare awaiting you at several sites: Cleveland Free-net Freenets are the progeny oronic mail is the ability to control a remote computer using TELNET. This feature lets you virtually teleport anywhere on the network and use resources located physically at that host. Further, some hosts have gateways to other hosts, which have furtherics, send the following commands to LISTSERV@UOTTAWA.BITNET GET EJOURNL1 DIRECTRY GET EJOURNL2 DIRECTRY For further information, contact Michael Strangelove: 441495@ACADVM1.UOTTAWA.CA. Remote Login to Internet Resources: TELNET One step beyond elect-Access Computer Systems Review Sent automatically to PACS-L subscribers. See above. For a list of back issue files, send the following message to LISTSERV@UHUPVM1.BITNET: INDEX PACS-L. To obtain a comprehensive list of electronic serials on all toption University of California Office of the President 300 Lakeside Drive, 8th floor, Oakland, California 94612-3550 415/987-0555 (MELVYL Catalog Helpline) E-mail: lynch@postgres.berkeley.edu The MELVYL catalog is the union catalog of monographs and serials (periodicals) held by the nine University of California campuses and affiliated libraries. It represents nearly 11 million holdings at UC, the California State Library, and the Center for Research Libraries. The MELVYL catalog also provides ac while others require that you put in your network address as the password. Some popular ftp sites follow: SUMEX-AIM This archive at Stanford (sumex-aim.stanford.edu or 36.44.0.6) houses a plethora of Macintosh applications, utilities, graphics and so Remote Access to Files (FTP) FTP or File Transfer Protocol is what to use to retrieve a text file, software, or other item from a remote host. Normal practice is to ftp to the host you want and login as "anonymous". Some sites use the password "guest"t gateway to access both US and international libraries plus such things as Data Research Associates Library of Congress catalog, the Ham Radio Call Book, the National Science Foundation, the Weather Server, Webster's dictionary and thesaurus, and more. [TinyTalk client program] connect guest [Connect to MicroMuse] BBS.OIT.UNC.EDU Telnet to BBS.OIT.UNC.EDU or 152.2.22.80. Type launch at the login message. It's a must. Not only can you read Usenet Newsfeeds, but you can use LibTel, a scripted telneience fiction genre 'The DragonRiders of Pern' by author Anne McCaffrey." If you would like to explore MicroMuse, you may connect as follows from your local host computer: telnet michael.ai.mit.edu [18.43.0.177] login: guest [no password required] ttational Geographic." "Elsewhere on MicroMuse, one can find an outstanding adventure based on the children's classic Narnia; a recreation of the Wizard of Oz adventure built by a gifted 8-year old; a challenging Logic Quest; and a living model of the scploratorium and Mathematica Exhibit complete with interactive exhibits drawn from experience with Science Museums around the country. The Mission to Mars includes an elaborate tour of the red planet with accurate descriptions rivaling those found in Nto an adjacent room also generate a short message appropriate to the action." "At MIT's AI Lab, MicroMuse features explorations, adventures, and puzzles with redeeming social, cultural, and educational content. The MicroMuse Science Center offers an Ex movable props." "Everything (rooms, movable objects, connecting passageways, and players) has a description (typically a few lines of text) which are displayed when a player looks at it." "Actions such as picking up or dropping an object, and exiting ch environment for synergy, community, collaboration, and exploratory discovery." "Players connect to the host computer, adopt a character and personality of their choosing, and enter into the synthetic world, consisting of a web of connected rooms and Barry Kort (aka 'Moulton'), Visiting Scientist at Educational Technology Research, BBN Labs, Cambridge, MA describes MicroMuse at M.I.T. "MUDs (Multi-User Dimensions) or MUSEs (Multi-User Simulation Environments) are virtual realities which offer a rias UnCover and Magazine Index, databases such as the Academic American Encyclopedia and Internet Resource Guide, and a gateway to other library systems. Access to some items is limited. Telnet pac.carl.org or telnet 192.54.81.128 MICROMUSE This is howL Colorado Alliance of Research Libraries 777 Grant Suite 306 Denver CO 80203-3580 303/861-5319 E-mail: help@carl.org CARL offers access to the following groups of databases: Academic and public library online catalogs, current article indexes such cess to MEDLINE and Current Contents as well as a gateway to many other systems. Access to some databases is restricted under a license agreement to the University of California faculty, staff, and students. Telnet MELVYL.UCOP.EDU (192.35.222.222) CARund files. SIMTEL20 (simtel20.army.mil or 192.88.110.20) at the White Sands Missile Range in New Mexico contains a similar archive software for MS-DOS computers. An FTP visit to the Network Service Center at nnsc.nsf.net (128.89.1.178) is a gold mine of documents and training materials on net use. See further information on this in the "Resources for Learning More" section of this article. Project Gutenberg The primary goal of Project Gutenberg is to encourage the creation and distribution of elecference books such as the Hacker's Dictionary, Roget's 1911 Thesaurus, and the CIA World Fact Book), gateways to other US and foreign gophers, news, and gateways to other systems. VERONICA: Very Easy Rodent-Oriented Net-wide Index to Computerized ArchGopher is still in experimental mode at many gopherized sites. Still, it is one of the best ways to locate information on and in the Internet. Besides archie, the gopher at consultant.micro.umn.edu includes fun and games, humor, libraries (including re/398-3709 peterd@cc.mcgill.ca Internet Gopher A gopher (or go-fer) is someone who fetches necessary items from many locations. Login as gopher after you telnet to consultant.micro.umn.edu and enjoy having a computer do all the work for you. Almost. inland/Mainland Europe) archie.au (Australia/New Zealand) archie.doc.ic.ac.uk (Great Britain/Ireland) Info from: UNIX Support Group Computing Centre McGill University Room 200 Burnside Hall 805 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal, Quebec CANADA H3A 2K6 514sing an undue load on the archive sites or network bandwidth." Unfortunately the archie server at McGill is currently out of service. Other sites are: archie.ans.net (USA [NY]) archie.rutgers.edu (USA [NJ]) archie.sura.net (USA [MD]) archie.funet.fi (Fd and used without charge by anyone with connection to the Internet." "The archie server automatically updates the listing information from each site about once a month, ensuring users that the information they receive is reasonably timely, without impoout the Internet. Collectively, these files represent well over 50 Gigabytes (50,000,000,000 bytes) of information, with additional information being added daily. Anonymous ftp archive sites offer software, data and other information which can be copies ftp archive sites, the archie service is now being expanded to include a variety of other online directories and resource listings." "Currently, archie tracks the contents of over 800 anonymous FTP archive sites containing some 1,000,000 files throughhosts for files of interest. "The archie service is a collection of resource discovery tools that together provide an electronic directory service for locating information in an Internet environment. Originally created to track the contents of anonymourized "agents" are in development to help sort through the massive data libraries on the net. Archie Peter Deutsch, of McGill's Computing Centre, describes the archie server concept, which allows users to ask a question once yet search many different UCVMD INTERNET: HART@VMD.CSO.UIUC.EDU Travel Agents: Archie, Gopher, Veronica, WAIS, Worldwide Web and More There is so much information on the net, it's impossible to know where everything is, or even how to begin looking. Fortunately, some compute2.31.181.1); /pub/etext, and from many other sites. For more info: Michael S. Hart, Director Project Gutenberg National Clearinghouse for Machine Readable Texts Illinois Benedictine College 5700 College Road Lisle, Illinois 60532-0900 BITNET: HART@UIavailable from: ftp mrcnext.cso.uiuc.edu (128.174.201.12) /pub/etext92 [for 1992 releases] or /pub/etext/etext91 [for 1991 releases] /pub/etext/articles [for Project Gutenberg articles and newsletters]. They are also available from quake.think.com (19tronic text. They hope to have a trillion etexts in distribution by the end of 2001. Some of the many texts available now include Alice in Wonderland, Peter Pan, Shakespeare, Paradise Lost and other texts in the public domain. Many of these texts are ives. Very new on the scene is VERONICA. Here is some information from Steve Foster about it. "Veronica offers a keyword search of most gopher-server menus in the entire gopher web. As Archie is to ftp archives, Veronica is to gopherspace. Unlike Archie, the search results can connect you directly to the data source. Imagine an Archie search that lets you select the data, not just the host sites, directly from a menu. Because Veronica is accessed through a gopher client, it is easy to use, and givr Wide Area Information Servers Thinking Machines Corporation 1010 El Camino Real Menlo Park, CA 94025 415/329-9300 x228 brewster@Think.COM End Part 1 ink.com as well as a self-running MediaTracks demo of WAIStation in action. Kahle also moderates a thoughtful WAIS newsletter and discussion group, often speculating about the future of libraries and librarians. Info from: Brewster Kahle, Project Leadethe client can be sent out on the same quest again and again to find new documents. Client software is available for many different types of computers. WAIStation is an easy to use Macintosh implementation of a WAIS client. It can be downloaded from thtion from a variety of hosts by means of a "client". The user tells the client, in plain English, what to look for out in dataspace. The client then searches various WAIS servers around the globe. The user tells the client how relevant each hit is, and onica service across other sites in the near future." "Please address comments to: gophadm@futique.scs.unr.edu" Is this the new world order of automated librarianship? WAIS Wide Area Information Servers (pronounced ways) allows users to get informa) Type=1 Port=70 Path=1/Veronica Host=futique.scs.unr.edu" "Veronica is an experimental service, developed by Steve Foster and Fred Barrie at University of Nevada. As we expect that the load will soon outgrow our hardware, we will distribute the Veristrators to use very descriptive titles on their menus." "To try Veronica, select it from the 'Other Gophers' menu on Minnesota's gopher server (consultant.micro.umn.edu), or point your gopher at: Name=Veronica (search menu items in most of GopherSpacell levels of the menus, for most gopher sites in the Internet. 258 gophers are indexed by Veronica on Nov. 17, 1992; we have discovered over 500 servers and will index the full set in the near future. We hope that Veronica will encourage gopher adminn be saved in the user's bookmark list." "Notice that these are NOT full-text searches of data at gopher-server sites, just as Archie does not index the contents of ftp sites, but only the names of files at those sites. Veronica indexes the TITLES on auble- click to open directories, read files, or perform other searches -- across hundreds of gopher servers. You need never know which server is actually involved in filling your request for information. Items that are appear particularly interesting carch is an automatically-generated gopher menu, customized according to the user's keyword specification. Items on this menu may be drawn from many gopher servers. These are functional gopher items, immediately accessible via the gopher client just do for such a service. Additional motivation came from the comments of naive gopher users, several of whom assumed that a simple-touse service would provide a means to find resources 'without having to know where they are.'" "The result of a Veronica seaes access to all types of data supported by the gopher protocol." "Veronica was designed as a response to the problem of resource discovery in the rapidly-expanding gopher web. Frustrated comments in the net news- groups have recently reflected the needPART 2: Surfing the INTERNET: an Introduction Version 2.0.2 December 15, 1992 c. 1992 Jean Armour Polly. Material quoted from other authors was compiled from public Internet posts by those authors. No copyright claims are made for those compiled quot If you do not have it, you may retrieve it by following these instructions: TO RETRIEVE PKUNZIP: Use the above instructions for connecting to access.usask.ca At the ftp> prompt, enter: binary Then enter: cd pub/hytelnet/pc Then enter: get pkunzip.exes you already have it) or enter: quit The Hytelnet program is archived using a ZIP utility. To unarchive it, you must be able to "unzip" the file. If you have the file PKUNZIP.EXE, it will unarchive the HYTELN63.ZIP file (see below for instructions).n you are at the ftp> prompt, enter: binary At the next ftp> prompt, enter: cd pub/hytelnet/pc Then enter: get hyteln63.zip After the transfer has occurred, either proceed with the instructions below to retrieve the UNZIP utility (which you need unles from the ftp site (thanks Roy)::" "TO RETRIEVE HYTELNET: At your system prompt, enter: ftp access.usask.ca or ftp 128.233.3.1 When you receive the Name prompt, enter: anonymous When you receive the password prompt, enter your Internet address. Whebeen incorporated." "Note: the UNZIPPED files total over 1.2 mbbut remember, you can always edit out any information you do not need, in order to save space. Information from Roy Tennant follows, slightly edited, describing how to obtain HYTELNET 6.3jor upgrade. Much redundant information has been deleted, and errors have been corrected. New subdirectories have been added, which has meant that many files now have a more meaningful home. Also all the new/updated files created since Version 6.2 have ss to all Internetaccessible library catalogs, FREE-NETS, CWISs, BBSs, Gophers, WAIS, etc. is now available. You can get it via anonymous ftp from: access.usask.ca in the pub/hytelnet/pc subdirectory. It is listed as HYTELN63.ZIP." "Version 6.3 is a ma CERN 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland Tel: +41(22)767 3755 FAX:+41(22)767 7155 email:tbl@cernvax.cern.ch Hytelnet Peter Scott, the creator of HYTELNET, sends this recent update: "HYTELNET version 6.3, the utility which gives an IBM-PC user instant- acceuse (or types in a number if he or she has no mouse). To search and index, a reader gives keywords (or other search criteria). These are the only operations necessary to access the entire world of data." Info from: Tim Berners-Lee WorldWideWeb project (real or virtual) contain links to other documents, or places within documents. All documents, whether real, virtual or indexes, look similar to the reader and are contained within the same addressing scheme. To follow a link, a reader clicks with a more special documents which, rather than being read, may be searched. The result of such a search is another ('virtual') document containing links to the documents found. The Web contains documents in many formats. Those documents which are hypertext, WorldWideWeb Tim Berners-Lee describes the Web this way: "The WWW project merges the techniques of information retrieval and hypertext to make an easy but powerful global information system. The WWW world consists of documents, and links. Indexes aopyright/copy notice if you duplicate this document. Updates may be ftp'd from nysernet.org (192.77.173.2) /pub/resources/guides. Please choose the most current version of surfing.the.internet. Please send updates and corrections to: jpolly@nysernet.orges. Permission to reprint is granted for nonprofit educational purposes. Please let me know if you find this compilation useful. This first (much shorter) version of this appeared in the June, 1992 Wilson Library Bulletin. Please include this entire c After the transfer has occurred, enter: quit TO DOWNLOAD IT TO YOUR PC: Because of the plethora of PC communications programs, I will not attempt to give step-by-step instructions here. You should check the instructions for your software for downloading a *binary* file from your Internet account to your PC. TO UNARCHIVE HYTELN63.ZIP: Make a new directory on your hard disk (e.g., mkdir hytelnet) Copy PKUNZIP.EXE and HYTELN63.ZIP into the new directory Make sure you are in that directory, then entnd email- only accounts, dial-up host connectivity on demand, and dedicated connections. Costs are competitive and performance is reliable. PSI has POPs (points of presence) in over forty U.S. cities. PSILink, email and delayed ftp, is $19 a month for ion and Research Federation c/o San Diego Supercomputer Center P. O. Box 85608 San Diego, CA 92186-9784 800/876-CERF or 619/534-5087 help@cerf.net Performance Systems International PSI offers several permutations of network connectivity, including low-e and receive electronic mail, as if they had a standard, dedicated connection. The cost of this toll-free connection is $20 a month with a $10 per hour usage fee and free installation. There is an installation charge of $50. CERFnet California Educat allows educators, scientists, corporations, and individuals access to the Internet from anywhere in the continental US. A toll-free number, 1-800/7CERFNET, provides subscribers with the capability to log in to remote machines, transfer files, and send spiraling downwards. Here are a few other methods of connecting to the net. Many more are listed in the "must-have" books at the end of this article. CERFnet The California Education and Research Federation (CERFnet) has announced DIAL N' CERF USA. Itcess to electronic mail alone is roughly $20 a month at this writing. Additional capabilities, including telnet and ftp, cost more, and it will cost $2,000 or more per year if you want to operate your own host system. The good news is that the costs are regional nets can be obtained from the NSF Network Service Center (address below), or check with a local college or university's academic computing center. A university may be able to give you a guest account on its system for educational purposes. Acere is a NSFNet acceptable-use policy you must agree to adhere to if your traffic passes through NSFNet. It is available from the NSF Network Service Center. Contact your regional network first to see what services might be available to you. A list ofuple of zany gurus to keep it all running. And once a year you could expect an invoice in the $30,000 range to keep the data flowing. These days, anyone can connect, from small libraries and non-profits to individuals. And the prices are affordable. Thca." How to Get Connected Now that you're interested in what resources are available, how does one go about getting connected? Time was that you needed a standard, dedicated connection to the Internet. Then you needed a robust computer system and a cohave difficulty performing these tasks." "The UNIX/VMS version, created by Earl Fogel, is available for browsing by telnet to access.usask.ca login with hytelnet (lower case). For more information on this version contact Earl at: fogel@skyfox.usask.ervice for those who are unfamiliar with the steps required to download and use files from network sources. I cannot be responsible for any local variations in these procedures which may exist. Please contact your local computer support staff if you so that all the subdirectories will be recursed. To use HYTELNET, you should refer to the instructions in the release announcement by Peter Scott, or to the README file included with the package." "PLEASE NOTE that I offer the above instructions as a ser: pkunzip HYTELN63 It will then unarchive HYTELN63.ZIP, which contains the following files: HYTELNET.ZIP READNOW The file READNOW. gives full instructions for un-archiving HYTELNET.ZIP. Simply put, you **MUST** unZIP the file with the -d parameter 2400 baud service or below, $29 per month for 9600 baud service. GDS (Global Dialup Service) includes telnet, rlogins at $39 a month, 2400 baud, 24 hour access. Host DCS (Dialup Connection Service), at about $2000 per year, includes a full suite of internet activities (mail, news, ftp, telnet). Performance Systems International, Inc. 11800 Sunrise Valley Dr. Suite 1100 Reston, VA 22091 800/82PSI82 or 703/620-6651 FAX: 703/620-4586 info@psi.com. All-info@psi.com generates an automatic reply responsr P.O. Box 309 Newton Centre, MA 02159 617/969-7947 FAX: 617/969-7949 ddern@world.std.com" Resources for Learning More CERFnet Network Information Center (NIC) This is a repository for many eclectic internet guides and RFC (Requests For Comments)ge body of one of these: send nixpub long send nixpub short send nixpub long short index nixpub The nixpub and nixpub.short lists are regularly reposted to the USENET comp.misc and alt.bbs groups Info from: Daniel P. Dern Free-lance technology write multi- user games, etc. The full list is long (over 1,000 lines). To get a current copy of 'nixpub' as an automatic e-mail reply, Send a message to 'nixpub@digex.com' (no subject or message text needed), or to archive- server@cs.widener.edu with messam.com with 'Subscribe PDIAL' in the subject. The 'nixpub' list is a frequently updated list of Public-Access unix Systems -Unix-based BBSs usually carrying usenet news, supporting e-mail connectivity to the Internet, and with some mix of local archives,bbs.lists and alt.bbs.internet; also, the most recent edition may be obtained by sending e- mail to kaminski@netcom.com with the 'Send PDIAL' in the subject. To be placed on a list to receive future editions automatically, send e-mail to kaminski@netcoublic-Access Internet Hosts (Unix BBSs that can do telnet, ftp, etc., that can you can access by calling from your PC and modem), see the PDIAL list, maintained by Peter Kaminski. Kaminski periodically posts an updated version to the usenet groups alt.mited-referral" gets you the NNSC's referral list of Internet providers for "limited service," which includes Dial-Up IP, Internet E-mail. "help" (recommended) gets you the Help document for the info- server facility. For a list of dial-up-accessible Pything in the subject line. "referral-list" gets you the NNSC's referral list of Internet Service Providers based in the U.S. (possibly providing international service). This is generally agreed to be the most comprehensive and least-biased list. "liically e-mail you a copy of this list and other documents. Simply send an e-mail message to: info- server@nnsc.nsf.net with the following text in the body: request: nsfnet topic: topic: request: end You don't need to put anrs for Individual Accounts": For a list of Internet Service Providers contact: NSF Network Service Center (NNSC) BBN Laboratories Inc. 10 Moulton St. Cambridge, MA 02238 617/873-3361 nnsc@nnsc.nsf.net The NNSC info-server utility can also automat Software Tool & Die 1330 Beacon Street Brookline, MA 02146 617/39-0202 Daniel Dern also provides the following definitive information file on how to get connected: Daniel Dern's Short Answer to "How do I get a list of Internet Service/Access Providerary.) AlterNet Access - Users have access to AlterNet via ftp/telnet. The World can also be accessed over the Compuserve Packet Network. You do not have to be a Compuserve subscriber to use this network, but you will be billed for its use. The WORLDnic mail, USENET news, ClariNet - UPI, AP, and satellite news services, real-time chat, Unix Software, Archie, the Online Book Initiative (a publicly accessible repository for freely redistributable collections of textual information, a net-worker's libe containing summaries of various PSI products. Software Tool & Die Software Tool & Die offers The World, a public access Unix system: The basic rates are $2 per hour and a $5 monthly account fee. Services offered by The World include internet electro from many sources, including the famous, if technical "Hitchhiker's Guide to the Internet". These may be obtained via anonymous ftp to nic.cerf.net (192.102.249.3). Call the CERFnet Hotline at 800-876- CERF for assistance. California Education and Research Federation c/o San Diego Supercomputer Center P. O. Box 85608 San Diego, CA 92186- 9784 800/876-CERF or 619/534-5087 help@cerf.net CICNet Resource Guide Over 200 pages of Internet resources, published June, 1992. Copies are $27.00 from CICNet, Incces include FTP sites, open BBS's and networks, Free-Nets, subscription services, and where to get more information on each resource. This resource was complied by the Living Lab program (NSF funded) at NCSA as an attempt to encourage the proliferation of the text is devoted to the mechanics of telecommunications, how to connect, what to do once you are connected, etc. The second half of the manual is devoted to current telecommunications projects, past successful projects, and resources. The resourlso available for anonymous FTP at: ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu in the /misc directory. This excellent manual is a must. It even covers SLIP connections and use of Eudora. Here are some comments about it from cfarmer@ncsa.uiuc.EDU (Chuck Farmer): "The first halfwn site how to mail to you. Give independent addresses for Internet, UUCP, and BITNET, even if they're all the same." "Incomplete Guide to the Internet" The "Incomplete Guide " was compiled by the NCSA Education Group, dated September, 1992. It is a delightful repeat of your signature. Be sure as well to include a complete map of USENET with each signature, to show how anybody can get mail to you from any site in the world. Be sure to include Internet gateways as well. Also tell people on your o large graphic made of ASCII characters, plus lots of cute quotes and slogans. People will never tire of reading these pearls of wisdom again and again, and you will soon become personally associated with the joy each reader feels at seeing yet anotherw long should my signature be? -- verbose@noisy A: Dear Verbose: Please try and make your signature as long as you can. It's much more important than your article, of course, so try to have more lines of signature than actual text. Try to include amany places to ftp this file, and it is appearing on many gophers. One place to get the file is by ftp to ra.msstate.edu (130.18.80.10) Location: /pub/docs/words- l/Funnies. The file is called emily.postnews. Here is a sample: "Dear Miss Postnews: HoOGRAPHY" "Emily Postnews Answers Your Questions on Netiquette" Brad Templeton's (brad@looking.on.ca) satirical and hilarious piece on how NOT to behave on the net. Emily Postnews, foremost authority on proper net behaviour, gives her advice.There are wsgroups. Some files are in TeX or PostScript format. Contents: Section -1- THE INTERNET AND SERVICES Section -2- INFORMATION SERVICES/ELECTRONIC PUBLICATIONS Section -3- SOCIETIES AND ORGANIZATIONS Section -4- NEWSGROUPS Section -5- SELECTED BIBLIernet and CMC; it compactly summarizes sources of information for those who are already exploring these issues. ASSUMPTIONS: to access many information sources listed here you must have access to and know how to use anonymous ftp, email, or USENET neer networks, and issues related to computer- mediated communication (CMC). Topics of interest include the technical, social, cognitive, and psychological aspects of CMC. AUDIENCE: this file is useful for those getting started in understanding the Intis part of his information file on this excellent resource: "This document or updates are available via anonymous ftp. Host: ftp.rpi.edu, file: /pub/communications/internet-cmc. PURPOSE: to list pointers to information describing the Internet, comput. Attn Kim Schaffer 2901 Hubbard Pod A Ann Arbor, MI 48109. 313/998-6103 FAX 313/998-6105 info@cic.net "The December Lists" "Information Sources: the Internet and Computer-Mediated Communication" Compiled by John December (decemj@rpi.edu) Here of HPCC use in the K- 12 classroom. We welcome your comments and suggestions. For further information: National Center for Supercomputing Applications 605 E Springfield Ave. Champaign, IL 61820 217/244-6122 "Library Resources on the Internet: Strategies for Selection and Use" 1992. RASD Occasional Paper no. 12, selling for $18 to members, $20 for nonmembers. It can be ordered from ALA Order Services 50 E. Huron Chicago, IL 60611, 800/545-2433 Electronic versions available via FTP ASCII file fromng the HyperCard Tour to the Internet, freely available by anonymous ftp from nnsc.nsf.net. NNSC Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc. 10 Moulton Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 617/873-3400 nnsc@nnsc.nsf.net New User's Guide to Unique and Interesting Resources oer (NNSC) NSF Internet Tour HyperCard Stack--borrow a Macintosh long enough to view this, worth the effort! Includes net history, net maps, net poetry and lore. Free. They also publish a very complete Internet Resource Guide ($15). Many items, includiernet" and "Using the Internet A&B" available from Computing Services University of California Davis, CA 95616-8563 916/752-0233. Or electronically by anonymous ftp from ucdavis.edu (128.120.2.1) directory /ucd.netdocs/mining. NSF Network Service Centthat's my darlin'), and I'll tell you some old timey tales and introduce you to a new resource for students, faculty, and staff called wide area networking 'Taint goin' to hurt you any, and the prospect looks good for a lucky strike." "Mining the Intd Country Mining Instructions begin: "Jist durn tuckered o' workin' eight t' five for a salary. ain't you? An' you wanna set out for parts unknown. You're hankerin' for an a'venture. Come'n then go 'Mining the Internet' with me, father of Clementine (e network matrix in search of gems and ore is not far from fact. Sometimes it is hard work, and a lot of it is working in the dark. There is a guidebook called "Mining the Internet", available from University of California at Davis. Here is how the Gol- Microsoft Windows(TM) version 3.1 - Approximately 1.5 MB of disk space - 2 MB RAM minimum - Internet connectivity and software that does file transfers via FTP. "Mining the Internet" The Net as mine metaphor is a popular theme. Tunneling through thompatible computer which is equipped to display 256 colors at an aspect ratio of 640 x 480. To run the Cruise tutorial you will need: - An IBM-DOS or DOS-compatible computer - XGA- or XGA-compatible adapter set to display 256 colors at 640 x 480 commended - Internet connectivity and software that does file transfers via FTP. A Cruise of the Internet Version 2.0 for IBM-DOS and DOS compatibles running Windows October 28, 1992 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS: This tutorial will run on any IBM-DOS or DOS-cis capable of displaying 256 colors. To run the Cruise tutorial you will need: - A Macintosh II, LC or Quadra series computer - 8-bit color and any color monitor (12" minimum) - System 6.05 or 7.x - Approximately 3 MB of disk space - 4 MB RAM is ree Macintosh and Windows versions, and README text files to explain installation procedures. A Cruise of the Internet Version 2.01 for Apple Macintosh computers December 1, 1992 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS This tutorial will run on any color Macintosh which ruise will introduce you to Internet resources as diverse as supercomputing, minorities, multimedia, and even cooking. It will also provide information about the tools needed to access those resources." ftp to NIC.MERIT.EDU /internet/resources. There ar of the Internet This attractive overview looks great on a Macintosh. I have not seen the Windows version. From the README text: "Merit's 'Cruise of the Internet' is a computer- based tutorial for new as well as experienced Internet 'navigators.' The C: host DLA.UCOP.EDU (128.48.108.25), directory /pub/internet/Libcat- guide host FTP.UNT.EDU (129.120.1.1), directory /pub/library/libcat-guide. WordPerfect 5.1 file from: host HYDRA.UWO.CA (129.100.2.13), directory libsoft/internet.com Merit's Cruisen the Internet 2.2. Available from NYSERNet (New York State Education and Research Network). It is over 145 pages and lists some 50 sources. OPACS, databases, information resources, and more. The New User's Guide is available in hard copy at the cost of $25.00. (NYSERNet Members: $18.00) It is available electronically at nysernet.org (192.77.173.2) in the directory /pub/resources/guides. It is called the new.user.guide.v2.2.txt For more information: NYSERNet, Inc. 111 College Pl. Syracuse, NY 13244obtained from some larger host computers running LISTSERV software, by sending a LIST GLOBAL command in an interactive message. This will return a "one line per list" list of all lists known to that host as of that date. For example: To: LISTSERV@ VMssage to mail-server@nisc.sri.com with the following line in the message body: Send netinfo/interest-groups Example: To: mail-server@nisc.sri.com Subject: Message: Send netinfo/interest-groups The List of Lists A comprehensive list-of-lists can be sage: LIST GLOBAL The SRI NIC Maintained Interest-Groups List of Lists This is available by FTP from ftp.nisc.sri.com (192.33.33.22) in the directory /netinfo/interest-groups. The SRI NIC list-of-lists is also available via electronic mail. Send a meyou. LISTSERVs available from NYSERNet.org Nysernet.org hosts over 20 lists, including folk_music and PUBLIB for public librarians. Send a LIST GLOBAL command in an interactive message to our host. For example: To: LISTSERV@nysernet.org Subject: Mescsd.uwm.edu or ftp to csd4.csd.uwm.edu. The filename is inet-services. How to Find out More About Discussion Lists Thousands of discussion groups, LISTSERVs, and mail reflectors exist on the Internet. Here are several ways to find lists of interest to f network resources available using telnet and ftp. It includes a few Online Public Access Catalogs, chat lines, weather servers, Campus Wide Information Systems, and reference resources. Send e-mail to the list manager (Scott Yanoff) at: yanoff@csd4.ce inside the message area, give the following commands to retrieve the document: REQUEST:NSFNET TOPIC:NETWORK-TREASURES REQUEST: END "The Yanoff Lists" "Special Internet Connections" Compiled by Scott Yanoff. This is an indispensable weekly list o 98007 206/562-3000 FAX: 206/562-4822 "There's Gold in Them Thar Networks! or Searching for Gold in all the Wrong Places" written by Jerry Martin at Ohio State University. This document is available via Internet message to Infoserver@nnsc.nsf.net. Onary catalogues, and supercomputer access. Copies may be purchased for $20.00 from NorthWestNet. It is also available via anonymous ftp: ftphost.nwnet.net in the directory /nic/nwnet/user-guide. NorthWestNet 15400 SE 30th Place, Suite 202, Bellevue, WA If you're on a campus, your university may have direct "dedicated access" to high-speed Internet TCP/IP lines. Apply for an Internet account on a dedicated campus machine, and you may be able to get those hot-dog long-distance computing and file-transfere. These slower and simpler adjuncts to the Internet can provide you with the netnews discussion groups and your own e-mail address. These are services worth having -- though if you only have mail and news, you're not actually "on the Internet" proper. INTERNET STARTERS KIT - DISK 2 -4100 315/443-4120 FAX 315/425-7518 info@nysernet.org NorthWestNet User Services Internet Resource Guide NorthWestNet has released a 300-page guide to the Internet, covering electronic mail, file transfer, remote login, discussion groups, online libr1.NoDak.EDU mail Subject: Message: LIST GLOBAL The global list can also be searched online. For details send LISTSERV the command INFO DATABASE . Network Accessible Database Server Only available on the LISTSERV at VM1.NoDak.EDU is a searchable interest groups database. For example, to search of the databases for lists on "cats" you would send the following statements (copy them exactly into your mail message to the LISTSERV): //DBlook JOB Echo=No Database Search DD=Rules //Rules DD * Sel ACADLIST FILE7 (business, Academia, news) ACADWHOL HQX (binhexed self-decompressing Macintosh M.S. Word 4.0 document of all 7 directories) ACADLIST.CHANGES (Major additions and deletions) How to retrieve the abovefiles via mail 1. Send an e-mail meseography-Library and Information Science) ACADLIST FILE3 (Linguistics-Political Science) ACADLIST FILE4 (Psychology-Writing) ACADLIST FILE5 (Biological sciences) ACADLIST FILE6 (Physical sciences -now includes Academic Computing and Computer Science)ectory of Scholarly E-Conferences: ACADLIST README (explanatory notes for the Directory) ACADSTCK HQX (binhexed, self-decompressing, HyperCard Stack of entire Directory - Keyword searchable) ACADLIST FILE1 (Anthropology- Education) ACADLIST FILE2 (Gces for Academics Files. If you can provide corrections or additional information about any of these electronic conferences, please contact: Diane Kovacs (Bitnet) DKOVACS@KENTVM (Internet) DKOVACS@KENTVM.KENT.EDU These files are available on the Dirn whole or part from the descriptions provided by each listowner, editor, moderator or coordinator to the New- List, the List of Lists, and the Internet Interest Groups file." "Any errors are the responsibility of the compiler of the Electronic Conferen (subscription information) ED: (edited? Yes or No) AR: (archived? if Yes, frequency, private=subscribers only) MO: (moderator, editor, listowner, manager, coordinator, etc.) IA: ('official' institutional affiliation)." "Topic descriptions are taken ifor currency and accuracy by checking the LISTSERV header in the case of LISTSERV based e- conferences and contacting the moderators of other kinds of e- conferences." "The field labels are as follows: LN: (e-conference name) TI: (topic information) SU:pic will be gratefully accepted at dkovacs@kentvm.kent.edu." "In addition, information about editorial policy and archive availability and frequency have also been included in each record. Where possible the information in each record has been checked r database programs. The first step in this effort has been to use field labels for each part of each record. We've also reduced the size of each record by trying to keep topic information between 25-50 words (some are still bigger). Advice on this tons. We have placed the entries into categories by deciding what the *dominant* academic subject area of the electronic conference is." "The 5th Revision involves an attempt to make it easier to feed the Directory into HyperCard(TM), dBase(TM) and othehe umbrella term that includes discussion lists, interest groups, e-journals, e- newsletters, Usenet newsgroups, forums, etc. We have used our own judgment in deciding what is of scholarly interest -- and accept any advice or argument about our decisiomous FTP to ksuvxa.kent.edu in the library directory. This announcement is extracted from the ACADLIST README FILE "This directory contains descriptions of 805 electronic conferences (econferences) on topics of interest to scholars. E- conference is tnew-list" list ("in new-list"). Send LISTSERV the command INFO DATABASE for more information. The 5th Revision of the Directory of Scholarly Electronic Conferences This resource is available at LISTSERV@KENTVM or LISTSERV@KENTVM.KENT.EDU and via anonyect cats in lists index Select cats in intgroup index Select cats in new-list index These statements search the global LISTSERV list of lists ("in lists"), and the local copy of the SRI-NIC Interest Groups ("in intgroup"), and the archives of the "sage addressed to LISTSERV@KENTVM or LISTSERV@KENTVM.KENT.EDU. 2. Leave the subject and other info lines blank. 3. The message must read: GET Filename Filetype (e.g.,filename=ACADLIST filetype=FILE1 or HQX or whatever) 4. The files will be sent to you and you must receive them. 5. If you need assistance receiving, etc. contact your local Computer Services people. How to retrieve the files via anonymous FTP (File Transfer Protocol) FTP to KSUVXA.KENT.EDU 1. when prompted for 'USERID,' type ANOuch of late 1991 and the first half of 1992, this was the document of choice for learning about the Internet. ISBN 0-13-010778-6. Index. $22.00 To ftp Zen 1.0 in a PostScript version: ftp.uu.net [137.39.1.9] directory /inet/doc ftp.cs.toronto.edu [12Prentice-Hall. The first edition is available for free from many FTP sites (see below) This version has about 30 pages of new material and corrects various minor errors in the first edition. Includes the story of the Coke Machine on the Internet. For mro Square Building Seventh and Robert Streets St. Paul, Minnesota 55101 612/224-4801 FAX 612/224-4827 Must-have Books for the Internet Surfer Kehoe, Brendan. (1993). Zen and the Art of the Internet: a Beginner's Guide (2nd ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: login and use instructions. (available via anonymous ftp from vm1.nodak.edu then CD NNEWS (although nnews may not show up on the directory menu, it works.) A printed version is available for $10 from Metronet. For more information: Metronet, 226 Mets and commands. FTP to ftp.unt.edu (129.120.1.1) /LIBRARY/LIBRARIES.TXT Dana Noonan's A Guide to Internet/Bitnet comes in two parts. Part two is about Internet Libraries. It is an easy to use guide to many national and international OPACS and their ialup libraries and bulletin boards in the United States. Available from: ariel.unm.edu /LIBRARY/INTERNET.LIBRARY Billy Barron's Accessing On-line Bibliographic Databases contains a number of useful features such as guides to local OPAC escape sequenceent Internet library guides are available to help both beginning and experienced OPAC users. Art St. George's Internet-Accessible Library Catalogs and Databases includes directions for Internet libraries and Campus Wide Information Systems as well as dThe University of Missouri, St. Louis Libraries. Raleigh C. Muns, editor. For more information: Thomas Jefferson Library University of Missouri St. Louis 8001 Natural Bridge Road St. Louis, MO 63121 314/553-5059 Internet Library Guides Three differay to "sample" a list. Here is the subscription information. Email its author to be added to the List Review Service list, BITNET ADDRESS: SRCMUNS@UMSLVMA. LIST REVIEW SERVICE ISSN: 1060-8192 Published bi-weekly, when school is in session, by als (to avoid conflicts or redundancy), or emergency announcements about the availability of some list. List Review Service These folks subscribe to and monitor a list for awhile and then report on it to everyone else. It's a great idea and a useful wsources such as the Internet List-of-Lists (SIGLIST or INTEREST-GROUPS list), LISTSERV GROUPS, and the LISTS database on the major LISTSERVs (we have the LISTS database on NDSUVM1)." "We will gladly rebroadcast New List announcements, final list proposstablished as a central address to post announcements of new public mailing lists. In addition, 'NEW-LIST' might be used as a final verification before establishing a list (to check for existing lists on the same topic, etc.). However, be sure to check you ftp'ed from at your site. New Lists and List Changes New lists are being started every day, and old ones fade away. To find out about these changes, join the NEW-LIST mailing. Here is part of their welcome message: "The 'NEW-LIST' list has been eNYMOUS. 2. Your password will be your actual userid on your local machine. 3. Type: cd library 4. Type: GET Filename.Filetype (e.g., filename=ACADLIST filetype=FILE1 or HQX or whatever) 5. The files will be transferred directly into the directory 8.100.3.6] directory /pub/zen ftp.cs.widener.edu [147.31.254.132] directory /pub/zen as zen-1.0.tar.Z, zen-1.0.dvi, and zen-1.0.PS ftp.sura.net [128.167.254.179] directory /pub/nic as zen-1.0.PS It is also available to read on many Gopher servers. Krol, Ed. (1992). The Whole Internet User's Guide & Catalog. Sebastopol, CA: O'Reilly & Associates. Comprehensive guide to how the network works, the domain name system, acceptable use, security, and other issues. Chapters on telnet/remote login, File Tra8 jpolly@nysernet.org =============================================  i.reston.va.us ============================================= For more information about this article: Jean Armour Polly Manager of Network Development and User Training NYSERNet, Inc. 111 College Place Syracuse, NY 13244-4100 315/443-4120 FAX: 315/425-751 stickers ("I'd rather be telecommuting"; "ISDN: Make it so."; "CYBERNAUT") eff@eff.org Internet Society 1895 Preston White Drive Suite 100 Reston, VA 22091 703/620-8990, FAX 703/620-0913 Annual conference, quarterly Internet Society News. isoc@nrure-- it's time to find out who's steering.") cpsr@clsi.stanford.edu EFF The Electronic Frontier Foundation, Inc. 155 Second St. Cambridge, MA 02141 617/864-1550 FAX: 617/864-0866 Publishes the EFFector in online and print editions. T-shirts, bumper 202/462-7849 info@cni.org CPSR Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility PO Box 717 Palo Alto, CA 94302 415/322-3778 FAX: 415/322-3798 CPSR Newsletter, annual Computers, Freedom and Privacy Conference, poster ("Technology is driving the fut & Directory Services, Inc. (MIDS) 1106 Clayton La. Suite 500 W Austin, TX 78746 512/329-1087 FAX: 512/327-1274 mids@tic.com Organizations CNI Coalition for Networked Information 1527 New Hampshire Ave., NW Washington, DC 20036 202/232-2466 FAX:on Street Berkeley, CA 94705 510/841-2636 FAX: 510/841-2926 Magazine Matrix News, the monthly newsletter edited by John S. Quarterman. Subscriptions are $30 per year. for a paper edition, $25/yr for an online edition. Matrix News, Matrix Informationhreshold: An Instructional Handbook. Berkeley, CA: Library Solutions Press. A cookbook to run your own Internet training sessions. Real- world examples. Foreword by Cliff Lynch. ISBN: 1-882208-01-3 $45.00 Library Solutions Institute and Press 2137 OregInternet is a cooperating group of independently administered networks. Some groups set basic policy though.) ISBN 0-944604-15-3 $39.00 SRI 333 Ravenswood Ave. Menlo Park, CA 94025 Tennant, Roy, Ober, J., & Lipow, A. G. (1993). Crossing the Internet Ternational overview, and includes things the others don't, such as an index to all the RFC's (Request for Comments), Internet organizations, source information for the TCP/IP CD ROM, and the answer to "who is in charge of the Internet?" (No one is. The rnet legends (Elvis sightings is one), organizations, security issues, and how to get connected. Bibliography. Index. ISBN 0-201-62224-6 $10.95 Marine, April. (1992). INTERNET: Getting Started.. Menlo Park, CA: SRI International. This book has an intok provides an often-humorous explanation of the origins of the Internet, acceptable use, basics of electronic mail, netiquette, online resources, transferring information, and finding email addresses. The In the Know guide provides background on Intein addition to a glossary. ISBN 1-56592-025-2. $24.95 LaQuey, Tracey, & Ryer, J. C. (1993). The Internet Companion: a Beginner's Guide to Global Networking.. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. Beginning with a forewordby Vice-President Elect Al Gore, this bonsfer Protocol, and electronic mail explain error messages, special situations, and other arcana. Archie, Gopher, Net News, WAIS, WWW, and troubleshooting each enjoy a chapter in this well-written book. Appendices contain info on how to get connected : Computer Networks and Conferencing Systems Worldwide. by John Quarterman. Digital Press: Bedford, MA. (1990) Massive and highly technical compendium detailing the mind-boggling scope and complexity of our newly networked planet. The Internet Companio's Guide by Ed Krol. (1992) O'Reilly and Associates, Inc. A clear, non-jargonized introduction to the intimidating business of network literacy. Many computer- documentation manuals attempt to be funny. Mr. Krol's book is *actually* funny. The MatrixInternet now, or at least learning about it, is wise. By the turn of the century, "network literacy," like "computer literacy" before it, will be forcing itself into the very texture of your life. For Further Reading: The Whole Internet Catalog & Userineties proceed, finding a link to the Internet will become much cheaper and easier. Its ease of use will also improve, which is fine news, for the savage UNIX interface of TCP/IP leaves plenty of room for advancements in user-friendliness. Learning the functions. Some cities, such as Cleveland, supply "freenet" community access. Businesses increasingly have Internet access, and are willing to sell it to subscribers. The standard fee is about $40 a month -- about the same as TV cable service. As the N- but this one is well written and easy to understand. CYBERSURF.1 :Introduction, etc. CYBERSUFT.2 :WWW and more SIDE TWO INET.STARTUP : Another tutorial on getting started on the Internet BEST.A2.SITES : Some of the best A : Internet terms you need to know INET.HISTORY : A comprehensive history of the Internet SURFING.INET (DIRECTORY) : A wonderful 2-part guide to the Internet by Jean Armour Polly. We provide a number of guides in these series of disks A3.INTERNET.FAQ : Frequently Asked Questions about using your Apple /// on the Internet NET.FOR.NAUGHT : Cheap ways to surf the Internet NEWBIE.BOOKS : Some books about the Internet you might like GROOVY.TERMSe entire Apple II family! DISK 3INET.02 SIDE ONE READ.ME.FIRST : What's on this disk (this file) GETTING.STARTED (Directory) : A number of files that are aimed at Apple II and /// users who want to use their machine to surf the Internet. eed. These disks are a work in progress - please let us know how we can improve them for you. IF you would like to contribute more to them, or make some adjustements here and there, please let us know. We want these disks to be a wonderful resource to ths the Macs and PCs can do these days with their Web Surfers, etc. BUT computers were accessing the Internet for years before these latest software goodies ever showed up. And besides - you don't need the memory or special software that the newer machines nfor you about the Internet and how you can use it with your Appe II or /// computer. That's right - literally ALL Apple IIs - from the Plus on up to the GS and any version of the /// - can and do have the ability to surf the Internet. It's not as pretty a APPLE II FAMLY INTERNET STARTER'S KIT Compiled by: David Ottalini WAP /// SIG Co-Chairman September/October 1995 Welcome to the WAP Apple Family Internet Starter Kit! We've attempted to compile literally a ton of information n by Tracy LaQuey with Jeanne C. Ryer (1992) Addison Wesley. Evangelical etiquette guide to the Internet featuring anecdotal tales of life-changing Internet experiences. Foreword by Senator Al Gore. Zen and the Art of the Internet: A Beginner's Guide by Brendan P. Kehoe (1992) Prentice Hall. Brief but useful Internet guide with plenty of good advice on useful machines to paw over for data. Mr Kehoe's guide bears the singularly wonderful distinction of being available in electronic form free of charge. ficer, or a President and a Congress? There'd probably be a lot fewer new words in English, and a lot fewer new ideas. People on the Internet feel much the same way about their own institution. It's an institution that resists institutionalization. The sing and exploiting and teaching English, "English" as an institution is public property, a public good. Much the same goes for the Internet. Would English be improved if the "The English Language, Inc." had a board of directors and a chief executive ofdies to help you learn to read and write a bit). Otherwise, everybody just sort of pitches in, and somehow the thing evolves on its own, and somehow turns out workable. And interesting. Fascinating, even. Though a lot of people earn their living from uhe "anarchy" of the English language. Nobody rents English, and nobody owns English. As an English-speaking person, it's up to you to learn how to speak English properly and make whatever use you please of it (though the government provides certain subsis" for anything. Each group of people accessing the Internet is responsible for their own machine and their own section of line. The Internet's "anarchy" may seem strange or even unnatural, but it makes a certain deep and basic sense. It's rather like tole, unlike the phone system, doesn't charge for long-distance service. And unlike most commercial computer networks, it doesn't charge for access time, either. In fact the "Internet" itself, which doesn't even officially exist as an entity, never "chargetocols, which are strictly technical, not social or political. (There has been some struggle over commercial use of the Internet, but that situation is changing as businesses supply their own links). The Internet is also a bargain. The Internet as a wh true, modern, functional anarchy. There is no "Internet Inc." There are no official censors, no bosses, no board of directors, no stockholders. In principle, any node can speak as a peer to any other node, as long as it obeys the rules of the TCP/IP promilitary and research institutions, into elementary and high schools, as well as into public libraries and the commercial sector. Why do people want to be "on the Internet?" One of the main reasons is simple freedom. The Internet is a rare example of aaster than fax machines. Last year the Internet was growing at a rate of twenty percent a *month.* The number of "host" machines with direct connection to TCP/IP has been doubling every year since 1988. The Internet is moving out of its original base in ess that it provides to specialized data and personal communication has sped up the pace of scientific research enormously. The Internet's pace of growth in the early 1990s is spectacular, almost ferocious. It is spreading faster than cellular phones, f possibly four million people use this gigantic mother-of-all-computer-networks. The Internet is especially popular among scientists, and is probably the most important scientific instrument of the late twentieth century. The powerful, sophisticated accng is now global. In 1971, a mere twenty-one years ago, there were only four nodes in the ARPANET network. Today there are tens of thousands of nodes in the Internet, scattered over forty-two countries, with more coming on-line every day. Three million, I'm doing the same with all my F&SF Science articles, including, of course, this one. My own Internet address is bruces@well.sf.ca.us. END Internet belongs to everyone and no one. Still, its various interest groups all have a claim. Business people want the Internet put on a sounder financial footing. Government people want the Internet more fully regulated. Academics want it dedicated exclusively to scholarly research. Military people want it spy-proof and secure. And so on and so on. All these sources of conflict remain in a stumbling balance today, and the Internet, so far, remains in a thrivingly anarchical condition. Once upon a fers are becoming a new form of publishing, in which the reader simply electronically copies the work on demand, in any quantity he or she wants, for free. New Internet programs, such as "archie," "gopher," and "WAIS," have been developed to catalog and eansferred through direct Internet access in a matter of minutes. Today, in 1992, there are over a million such public files available to anyone who asks for them (and many more millions of files are available to people with accounts). Internet file-transmachines and retrieve programs or text. Many Internet computers -- some two thousand of them, so far -- allow any person to access them anonymously, and to simply copy their public files, free of charge. This is no small deal, since entire books can be tr Libraries offer their electronic card catalogs for free search. Enormous CD-ROM catalogs are increasingly available through this service. And there are fantastic amounts of free software available. File transfers allow Internet users to access remote l inspiration for ARPANET and is still a very useful service, at least for some. Programmers can maintain accounts on distant, powerful computers, run programs there or write their own. Scientists can make use of powerful supercomputers a continent away. phone-lines, from Internet fringe- realms like BITnet, UUCP and Fidonet. The last two Internet services, long-distance computing and file transfer, require what is known as "direct Internet access" -- using TCP/IP. Long-distance computing was an originaarger all the time. USENET also distributes various free electronic journals and publications. Both netnews and e-mail are very widely available, even outside the high-speed core of the Internet itself. News and e-mail are easily available over common rate newsgroups on USENET, and their discussions generate about 7 million words of typed commentary every single day. Naturally there is a vast amount of talk about computers on USENET, but the variety of subjects discussed is enormous, and it's growing l crowd of gossipy, news-hungry people, wandering in and through the Internet on their way to various private backyard barbecues. USENET is not so much a physical network as a set of social conventions. In any case, at the moment there are some 2,500 separks. The discussion groups, or "newsgroups," are a world of their own. This world of news, debate and argument is generally known as "USENET. " USENET is, in point of fact, quite different from the Internet. USENET is rather like an enormous billowing Internet mail is somewhat like fax. It's electronic text. But you don't have to pay for it (at least not directly), and it's global in scope. E-mail can also send software and certain forms of compressed digital imagery. New forms of mail are in the wor things, basically: mail, discussion groups, long-distance computing, and file transfers. Internet mail is "e-mail," electronic mail, faster by several orders of magnitude than the US Mail, which is scornfully known by Internet regulars as "snailmail." Internet backbones specially created for carrying business traffic. Today, even privately owned desktop computers can become Internet nodes. You can carry one under your arm. Soon, perhaps, on your wrist. But what does one *do* with the Internet? Foutime, the NSFnet's high-speed, high-capacity lines were known as the "Internet Backbone," and their owners could rather lord it over the rest of the Internet; but today there are "backbones" in Canada, Japan, and Europe, and even privately owned commercialxplore these enormous archives of material. The headless, anarchic, million-limbed Internet is spreading like bread-mold. Any computer of sufficient power is a potential spore for the Internet, and today such computers sell for less than $2,000 and are in the hands of people all over the world. ARPA's network, designed to assure control of a ravaged society after a nuclear holocaust, has been superceded by its mutant child the Internet, which is thoroughly out of control, and spreading exponentially thr: Computer Networks and Conferencing Systems Worldwide. by John Quarterman. Digital Press: Bedford, MA. (1990) Massive and highly technical compendium detailing the mind-boggling scope and complexity of our newly networked planet. The Internet Companio's Guide by Ed Krol. (1992) O'Reilly and Associates, Inc. A clear, non-jargonized introduction to the intimidating business of network literacy. Many computer- documentation manuals attempt to be funny. Mr. Krol's book is *actually* funny. The MatrixInternet now, or at least learning about it, is wise. By the turn of the century, "network literacy," like "computer literacy" before it, will be forcing itself into the very texture of your life. For Further Reading: The Whole Internet Catalog & Userineties proceed, finding a link to the Internet will become much cheaper and easier. Its ease of use will also improve, which is fine news, for the savage UNIX interface of TCP/IP leaves plenty of room for advancements in user-friendliness. Learning the functions. Some cities, such as Cleveland, supply "freenet" community access. Businesses increasingly have Internet access, and are willing to sell it to subscribers. The standard fee is about $40 a month -- about the same as TV cable service. As the N If you're on a campus, your university may have direct "dedicated access" to high-speed Internet TCP/IP lines. Apply for an Internet account on a dedicated campus machine, and you may be able to get those hot-dog long-distance computing and file-transfere. These slower and simpler adjuncts to the Internet can provide you with the netnews discussion groups and your own e-mail address. These are services worth having -- though if you only have mail and news, you're not actually "on the Internet" proper. d. It's a fine and happy irony. How does one get access to the Internet? Well -- if you don't have a computer and a modem, get one. Your computer can act as a terminal, and you can use an ordinary telephone line to connect to an Internet-linked machintle resemblance to today's plans. Planning has never seemed to have much to do with the seething, fungal development of the Internet. After all, today's Internet bears little resemblance to those original grim plans for RAND's post- holocaust command gri feature 3-D animated graphics, radio and cellular phone-links to portable computers, as well as fax, voice, and high- definition television. A multimedia global circus! Or so it's hoped -- and planned. The real Internet of the future may bear very lit billion project to upgrade the Internet "backbone." NREN will be some fifty times faster than the fastest network available today, allowing the electronic transfer of the entire Encyclopedia Britannica in one hot second. Computer networks worldwide willew commercial information- service promised. The federal government, pleased with an unsought success, is also still very much in the act. NREN, the National Research and Education Network, was approved by the US Congress in fall 1991, as a five-year, $2al computers a means of cheap, easy storage and access that is truly planetary in scale. The future of the Internet bids fair to be bigger and exponentially faster. Commercialization of the Internet is a very hot topic today, with every manner of wild nough the post-Cold War electronic global village. The spread of the Internet in the 90s resembles the spread of personal computing in the 1970s, though it is even faster and perhaps more important. More important, perhaps, because it may give those personn by Tracy LaQuey with Jeanne C. Ryer (1992) Addison Wesley. Evangelical etiquette guide to the Internet featuring anecdotal tales of life-changing Internet experiences. Foreword by Senator Al Gore. Zen and the Art of the Internet: A Beginner's Guide b